Hardware and physical integration guideline A1 PCR sensors
Page 3 of 30
2024-02-07 © 2024 by Acconeer – All rights reserved
Table of Contents
1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 5
2 Electrical integration ....................................................................................................................... 6
2.1 A111 Power ........................................................................................................................... 6
2.2 A121 Power ........................................................................................................................... 6
2.3 Choosing a 1.8 V power regulator for A111/A121 ................................................................ 7
2.4 SPI Interface ........................................................................................................................... 7
2.5 Hardware schematics design checklist ................................................................................... 7
3 Electromagnetic Integration ............................................................................................................ 8
3.1 Radar loop equation ............................................................................................................... 8
3.2 Radar loop gain pattern .......................................................................................................... 8
3.3 PCB layout ............................................................................................................................. 9
3.3.1 Sensor ground plane size ................................................................................................... 9
3.3.2 Impact of PCB routing and nearby components .............................................................. 10
3.4 Impact of conformal coating ................................................................................................ 12
3.5 Sensor underfill .................................................................................................................... 13
3.6 Electromagnetic propagation ............................................................................................... 14
3.6.1 Transmission and reflection ............................................................................................. 14
3.7 Radomes ............................................................................................................................... 15
3.7.1 Radome thickness ............................................................................................................ 15
3.7.2 Radome distance .............................................................................................................. 16
3.7.3 Impact of radome on the RLG pattern ............................................................................. 18
4 Dielectric lenses ............................................................................................................................ 20
4.1 Refracting lenses .................................................................................................................. 20
4.1.1 Design principles ............................................................................................................. 20
4.1.2 Convex-planar lens (Hyperboloidal lens) ........................................................................ 21
4.1.3 Plano-convex lens ............................................................................................................ 22
4.2 Lens gain .............................................................................................................................. 23
4.3 Fresnel Zone Plate (FZP) lenses .......................................................................................... 24
4.3.1 Example FZP lens calculation ......................................................................................... 24
4.3.2 Lens thickness comparison .............................................................................................. 25
4.4 Lens design guidelines and prototyping ............................................................................... 25
4.4.1 Focal distance tuning ....................................................................................................... 26
4.4.2 Customized lenses ........................................................................................................... 26
5 References ..................................................................................................................................... 27
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