Overview
Cold Head Heat Exchanger:
The heat exchanger(s) on the cold head provide cooling at cryogenic temperatures by
transferring heat to the helium within the system.
Cryogenic Temperatures:
Temperatures lower than 120 K or -153 °C.
Cryocooler:
A cryocooler is a cryogenic refrigeration system based upon a closed loop helium
expansion cycle. It consists of a helium compressor package, helium flex lines, and a cold
head (expansion device).
Gifford-McMahon (GM):
A cold head which expands the helium using a displacer.
Helium Compressor Package:
Provides system safety controls, houses the components that compress, cool and purify
the helium gas and provides electrical interface controls.
Helium Flex Lines:
The helium flex lines are corrugated, stainless steel hoses that transport helium between
the helium compressor package and the cold head.
Pollution Degree 2:
Pollution degree 2 refers to the extent to which the local environmental conditions could
affect the electrical safety of the system. See EN 61010 or UL 61010A for further details.
Pulse Tube:
A cold head that does not use a displacer or piston.
System:
The term "system" is used as a synonym for cryocooler. It consists of a compressor
package, helium flex lines and cold head.
1.2.2 Acronyms
The following acronyms are used in the text and provided here for convenient lookup:
FPT Female Pipe Thread
GPM Gallons per Minute
LPM Liters per Minute
MPT Male Pipe Thread
psig Pounds per Square Inch Gauge
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