10-52
KDFX Reference
KDFX Algorithm Specifications
Flanger  2 is a 2 processing allocation unit (PAU) multi-sweep Thru-zero ßanger effect with two LFOs per 
channel.
Figure 10-18 Simplified block diagram of the left channel of Flanger 2 (right channel is similar)
Flanging was originally created by summing the outputs of two un-locked tape machines while varying 
their sync by pressing a hand to the outside edge of one reel, thus the historic name reel-ßanging. The key 
to achieving the ßanging effect is the summing of a signal with a time-displaced replica of itself.
Adding or subtracting a signal with a time-displaced replica of itself results in a series of notches in the 
frequency spectrum. These notches are equally spaced in (linear) frequency at multiples whose 
wavelengths are equal to the time delay. The result is generally referred to as a comb Þlter (the name 
arising from the resemblance of the spectrum to a comb). See Figure 10-18. If the levels of the signals being 
added or subtracted are the same, the notches will be of inÞnite depth (in dB) and the peaks will be up 6 
dB. Flanging is achieved by time-varying the delay length, thus changing the frequencies of the notches. 
The shorter the delay time, the greater the notch separation. This delay time variation imparts a sense of 
motion to the sound. Typically the delay times are on the order of 0-5 ms. Longer times begin to get into 
L Input
L Output
Dry
Wet
High Freq
Damping
From Right
Channel
To Right
Channel
Delay
Static
Tap
Level
LFO
Tap
Levels
Out Gain
Noise
LFO Feedback
Static Tap Feedback