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Inspection: Connecting rod bend and twist
• Mount the connecting rod on the connecting rod aligner. Also
mount the connecting rod bearings, piston pin, and connecting
rod cap to create the same conditions as are expected when the
connecting rod is mounted on a crankshaft. Tighten the nuts of
the connecting rod bearing cap to a torque of 29 N·m {3 kgf·m}.
• Measure the extent of bend and twist in the connecting rod.
• If either measurement exceeds the specified limit, replace the
connecting rod.
Installation: Piston and connecting rod
• If the piston and/or connecting rod have been replaced, assem-
ble them while paying attention to the following:
• The connecting rods on the same engine must all have the
same mass mark (A to E).
• Apply engine oil to the piston pin, and assemble the piston
and connecting rod with their marks facing in the illustrated di-
rections.
“ ”: Front mark
• If the piston pin is difficult to insert, heat the piston in hot wa-
ter or with a piston heater.
Installation: Piston rings
• With the manufacturer’s marks (found near the piston ring end
gaps) facing up, install the piston rings so that the end gap of
each ring is positioned as illustrated.
A: 1st compression ring end gap
B: 2nd compression ring end gap
C: Oil ring end gap
D: Oil ring’s expander spring end gap
“ ”: Front mark on piston
The manufacturer’s marks are present only on the 1st (“T”) and
2nd (“T1”) compression rings.
PISTON AND CONNECTING ROD, CYLINDER LINER
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