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Robinson Helicopter Company R44 II User Manual

Robinson Helicopter Company R44 II
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PILOT'S
OPERATING
HANDBOOK
AND FAA APPROVED
ROTORCRAFT FLIGHT MANUAL
RTR
462
THE R44II
IS
FAA APPROVED IN NORMAL CATEGORY
BASED ON FAR
27
AND FAR
21.
THIS HANDBOOK
INCLUDES THE MATERIAL REQUIRED TO
BE
FURNISHED TO THE PILOT BY FAR
27
AND FAR
21
AND MUST BE CARRIED IN THE HELICOPTER AT ALL
TIMES.
HELICOPTER SERIAL NO.
HELICOPTER REGISTRATION NO.
SECTIONS
2,
3,
4,
5,
FAA
APPROVED BY:
MKNAGER,
FLIGHT
TEST
BRANCH, ANM-I
GOL
FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION
LOS ANGELES AIRCRAFT CERTIFICATION OFFICE
TRANSPORT AIRPLANE DIRECTORATE
DATE:
&
a
k
3.
zoor
ROBINSON
HELICOPTER
COMPANY
TORRANCE, CALIFORNIA
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Robinson Helicopter Company R44 II Specifications

General IconGeneral
BrandRobinson Helicopter Company
ModelR44 II
CategoryToy
LanguageEnglish

Summary

Section 1 General

Introduction

Introduces the Pilot's Operating Handbook and its purpose, including required material and manufacturer data.

Three-View of R44 Helicopter

Provides dimensional drawings and views of the R44 helicopter, with key measurements indicated.

Descriptive Data

Details specifications and characteristics of the helicopter's main rotor, tail rotor, and drive system.

Performance Definitions

Defines key terms and acronyms used in performance calculations and data, such as KIAS, KCAS, and Density Altitude.

Weight and Balance Definitions

Explains fundamental concepts and terminology related to aircraft weight and balance, including Datum, Arm, and CG.

Conversion Tables

Lists conversion factors between metric and English units for various measurements.

Section 2 Limitations

General

Provides FAA approval and general scope of the limitations section, including type certificate data.

Color Code for Instrument Markings

Explains the meaning of color codes (red, yellow, green) used on aircraft instrument dials.

Airspeed Limits

Specifies maximum and recommended airspeeds (Vne, Vy) for safe operation under various conditions.

Rotor Speed Limits

Outlines acceptable RPM ranges for the main and tail rotors during different phases of flight.

Powerplant Limitations

Details operational limits for the engine, including maximum temperatures, pressures, and speeds.

Weight Limits

Specifies maximum and minimum gross weights, and maximum per-seat and baggage compartment weights.

Center of Gravity Limits

Defines the acceptable longitudinal and lateral ranges for the helicopter's center of gravity.

Flight and Maneuver Limitations

Prohibits aerobatic flight, low-G pushovers, and flight in icing conditions; specifies altitude limits.

Kinds of Operation Limitations

Lists approved operating environments and conditions, such as VFR day/night and instrument flight.

Fuel Limitations

Specifies approved fuel grades (100LL, 100/130) and the capacities of the main and auxiliary fuel tanks.

Instrument Markings

Details the markings and color codes on key aircraft instruments like the airspeed indicator and tachometers.

Placards

Lists critical placards required for safe operation, including airspeed limits and manifold pressure settings.

Section 3 Emergency Procedures

General

Provides an overview of emergency procedures and landing considerations, including landing safely.

Power Failure - General

Describes the general causes and indications of engine or drive system power failure.

Power Failure Above 500 Feet AGL

Outlines procedures for handling engine power failure at higher altitudes, including autorotation.

Ditching - Power Off

Procedures for ditching the helicopter with engine power off, focusing on safety and egress.

Ditching - Power On

Procedures for ditching the helicopter with engine power on, emphasizing controlled touchdown.

Fire in Flight

Steps to mitigate an engine fire occurring while airborne, including shutting down systems.

Electrical Fire in Flight

Procedures for handling an electrical fire during flight, including master battery switch actions.

Tachometer Failure

Actions to take if the tachometer malfunctions, including using alternate indications.

Hydraulic System Failure

Procedures for dealing with a failure of the hydraulic flight control system, affecting control forces.

Governor Failure

Steps to take if the engine RPM governor fails, requiring manual throttle control.

Warning/Caution Lights

Explains the meaning and appropriate actions for various warning and caution lights on the instrument panel.

Section 4 Normal Procedures

General

Provides an overview of normal operating procedures for the helicopter, approved by the FAA.

Airspeeds for Safe Operation

Lists recommended airspeeds for various flight regimes like takeoff, climb, cruise, and autorotation.

Daily or Preflight Checks

Details the essential checks to be performed before each flight, covering various helicopter components.

Before Starting Engine

Outlines the pre-start checks and switch configurations required before engine ignition.

Engine Starting and Run-Up

Describes the procedure for starting the engine and performing a run-up to check systems.

Takeoff Procedure

Step-by-step guide for safely lifting off the helicopter, including checks for climb performance.

Cruise

Procedures and considerations for maintaining stable flight in cruise configuration.

Doors-Off Operation

Specific procedures, limitations, and cautions for flying with doors removed.

Practice Autorotation - Power Recovery

Guidance on performing practice autorotations with engine power engaged.

Practice Autorotation - With Ground Contact

Steps for conducting practice autorotations with ground contact, emphasizing safe touchdown.

Approach and Landing

Methods for a safe approach and landing, considering wind and terrain.

Shutdown Procedure

Steps for safely shutting down the helicopter engine and systems after flight.

Noise Abatement

Recommendations for minimizing noise during flight operations to reduce environmental impact.

Section 5 Performance

General

Introduces the performance section and its FAA approval, noting hover controllability substantiation.

Demonstrated Operating Temperature

Specifies the ambient temperature range for which satisfactory engine cooling has been demonstrated.

Airspeed Calibration Curve

Graph showing the relationship between indicated airspeed (KIAS) and calibrated airspeed (KCAs).

Density Altitude Chart

Chart to determine density altitude based on temperature and pressure altitude.

IGE Hover Ceiling Vs. Gross Weight

Chart showing hover ceiling in ground effect for various gross weights and density altitudes.

OGE Hover Ceiling Vs. Gross Weight

Chart showing hover ceiling out of ground effect for various gross weights and density altitudes.

Height-Velocity Diagram

Diagram illustrating safe and unsafe operating envelopes based on height above ground and airspeed.

Noise Characteristics

Information on the helicopter's Sound Exposure Level (SEL) for a level flyover.

Section 6 Weight and Balance

General

Emphasizes adherence to weight and balance limits for safe operation and control.

Weight and Balance Record

Provides a form for recording changes to the helicopter's weight and balance over time.

Loading Instructions

Guidance and examples for calculating loaded weight and center of gravity for safe flight.

Section 7 Systems Description

Airframe

Describes the construction and components of the helicopter's airframe, including fuselage and doors.

Rotor Systems

Details the main rotor and tail rotor systems, including blades, hubs, and bearings.

Drive System

Explains the transmission of power from the engine to the main and tail rotors via shafts and gears.

Powerplant

Describes the engine, cooling system, and related components, including induction and exhaust.

Flight Controls

Explains the operation of cyclic, collective, and anti-torque controls, including governors.

Fuel System

Details the main and auxiliary fuel tanks, pumps, fuel strainer, and vents.

Electrical System

Overview of the helicopter's electrical system, including alternator, battery, and circuit breakers.

Instrument Panel

Identifies instruments and controls located on the instrument panel, including gauges and warning lights.

Warning Lights

Lists various warning lights and their indications, such as low oil pressure, engine fire, and rotor chip.

Landing Gear

Details the helicopter's landing gear and its operation, including skid tubes and attachment.

Section 8 Handling and Maintenance

General

Outlines recommended procedures for helicopter handling, servicing, and maintenance by owners and centers.

Required Documents

Lists essential documents that must be carried in the aircraft, such as registration and the operating handbook.

Required Inspections

Details mandatory inspections, including annual inspection and component checks.

Preventive Maintenance by the Pilot

Lists routine maintenance tasks that can be performed by the pilot, such as replacing bulbs and cleaning.

Ground Handling

Procedures for maneuvering the helicopter on the ground, including jacking and towing.

Engine Oil

Recommendations for engine oil changes, types, and filter servicing.

Fuel

Information on approved fuel grades, capacities, and handling precautions for fuel injection systems.

Battery

Procedures for battery maintenance, charging, and caution regarding safety.

Cleaning Helicopter

Instructions for cleaning the helicopter's exterior, interior, windows, and upholstery.

Section 9 Supplements

General

Introduces supplements covering optional equipment and their operational information.

Fixed Floats

Supplement detailing the use, limitations, and procedures for fixed-float landing gear.

Heated Pitot

Supplement describing the operation and use of the heated pitot system for icing conditions.

Police Version

Supplement for the R44 Police Version, detailing its specialized equipment and procedures.

ENG Version

Supplement for the R44 ENG Version, covering its specialized electronic news gathering equipment.

Garmin GPSMAP 225

Supplement for the Garmin GPSMAP 225 installation and basic operational guidance.

Pop-Out Floats

Supplement covering the operation and limitations of pop-out floats for water landings.

Air Conditioning

Supplement detailing the R44's air conditioning system, including operation and maintenance.

Section 10 Safety Tips

General

Provides general advice for operating the helicopter more safely and avoiding common errors.

Safety Tips

Offers specific recommendations and best practices for pilots, covering various flight scenarios and techniques.

Safety Notices

Lists issued safety notices from Robinson Helicopter Company, addressing specific accident causes and prevention.

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