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Appendix > Glossary
ISO sensitivity
The sensitivity of the camera to light, based on the equivalent film speed
used in a film camera. At higher ISO sensitivity settings, the camera
uses a higher shutter speed, which can reduce blur caused by camera
shake and low light. However, images with high sensitivity are more
susceptible to noise.
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)
A lossy method of compression for digital images. JPEG images are
compressed to reduce their overall file size with minimal deterioration of
the image resolution.
Metering
The metering refers to the way in which the camera measures the
quantity of light to set the exposure.
MF (Manual Focus)
A system that manually focuses the camera lens on the subject. You
can use the focus ring to focus on a subject.
Focal length
The distance from the middle of the lens to its focal point(in millimeters).
Longer focal lengths result in narrower angles of view and the subject is
magnified. Shorter focal lengths result in wider angles of view.
Histogram
A graphical representation of the brightness of an image. The horizontal
axis represents the brightness and the vertical axis represents the
number of pixels. High points at the left (too dark) and right (too bright)
on the histogram indicate a photo that is improperly exposed.
H.264/MPEG-4
A high-compression video format established by international standard
organizations ISO-IEC and ITU-T. This codec is capable of providing
good video quality at low bit rates developed by the Joint Video Team
(JVT).
Image sensor
The physical part of a digital camera that contains a photosite for each
pixel in the image. Each photosite records the brightness of the light
that strikes it during an exposure. Common sensor types are CCD
(Charge-coupled Device) and CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide
Semiconductor).
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