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6.ReferenceInformation
IEEE
TheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)isaninternationalnon-prot,professional
organizationfortheadvancementoftechnologyrelatedtoelectricity.
IEEE1284
The1284parallelportstandardwasdevelopedbytheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers
(IEEE).Theterm"1284-B"referstoaspecicconnectortypeontheendoftheparallelcablethat
attachestotheperipheral(forexample,aprinter).
Intranet
AprivatenetworkthatusesInternetProtocols,networkconnectivity,andpossiblythepublic
telecommunicationsystemtosecurelysharepartofanorganization'sinformationoroperationswith
itsemployees.Sometimesthetermrefersonlytothemostvisibleservice,theinternalwebsite.
IPaddress
AnInternetProtocol(IP)addressisauniquenumberthatdevicesuseinordertoidentifyand
communicatewitheachotheronanetworkutilizingtheInternetProtocolstandard.
IPM
TheImagesPerMinute(IPM)isawayofmeasuringthespeedofaprinter.AnIPMrateindicatesthe
numberofsingle-sidedsheetsaprintercancompletewithinoneminute.
IPP
TheInternetPrintingProtocol(IPP)denesastandardprotocolforprintingaswellasmanagingprint
jobs,mediasize,resolution,andsoforth.IPPcanbeusedlocallyorovertheInternettohundreds
ofprinters,andalsosupportsaccesscontrol,authentication,andencryption,makingitamuchmore
capableandsecureprintingsolutionthanolderones.
IPX/SPX
IPX/SPXstandsforInternetPacketExchange/SequencedPacketExchange.Itisanetworking
protocolusedbytheNovellNetWareoperatingsystems.IPXandSPXbothprovideconnection
servicessimilartoTCP/IP ,withtheIPXprotocolhavingsimilaritiestoIP ,andSPXhavingsimilarities
toTCP.IPX/SPXwasprimarilydesignedforlocalareanetworks(LANs),andisaveryefcient
protocolforthispurpose(typicallyitsperformanceexceedsthatofTCP/IPonaLAN).
ISO
TheInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO)isaninternationalstandard-settingbody
composedofrepresentativesfromnationalstandardsbodies.Itproducesworld-wideindustrialand
commercialstandards.
ITU-T
TheInternationalTelecommunicationUnionisaninternationalorganizationestablishedtostandardize
andregulateinternationalradioandtelecommunications.Itsmaintasksincludestandardization,
allocationoftheradiospectrum,andorganizinginterconnectionarrangementsbetweendifferent
countriestoallowinternationalphonecalls.A-ToutofITU-Tindicatestelecommunication.
ITU-TNo.1chartStandardizedtestchartpublishedbyITU-Tfordocumentfacsimiletransmissions.
JBIG
JointBi-levelImageExpertsGroup(JBIG)isanimagecompressionstandardwithnolossofaccuracy
orquality,whichwasdesignedforcompressionofbinaryimages,particularlyforfaxes,butcan
alsobeusedonotherimages.
JPEG
JointPhotographicExpertsGroup(JPEG)isamostcommonlyusedstandardmethodoflossy
compressionforphotographicimages.Itistheformatusedforstoringandtransmittingphotographs
ontheWorldWideWeb.
LDAP
TheLightweightDirectoryAccessProtocol(LDAP)isanetworkingprotocolforqueryingand
modifyingdirectoryservicesrunningoverTCP/IP.
LEDALight-EmittingDiode(LED)isasemiconductordevicethatindicatesthestatusofamachine.
MACaddress
MediaAccessControl(MAC)addressisauniqueidentierassociatedwithanetworkadapter.MAC
addressisaunique48-bitidentierusuallywrittenas12hexadecimalcharactersgroupedinpairs(e.
g.,00-00-0c-34-11-4e).Thisaddressisusuallyhard-codedintoaNetworkInterfaceCard(NIC)byits
manufacturer,andusedasanaidforrouterstryingtolocatemachinesonlargenetworks.
MFP
MultiFunctionPeripheral(MFP)isanofcemachinethatincludesthefollowingfunctionalityinone
physicalbody,soastohaveaprinter,acopier,afax,ascannerandetc.
MH
ModiedHuffman(MH)isacompressionmethodfordecreasingtheamountofdatathatneedstobe
transmittedbetweenthefaxmachinestotransfertheimagerecommendedbyITU-TT.4.MHisa
codebook-basedrun-lengthencodingschemeoptimizedtoefcientlycompresswhitespace.Asmost
faxesconsistmostlyofwhitespace,thisminimizesthetransmissiontimeofmostfaxes.
MMRModiedModiedREAD(MMR)isacompressionmethodrecommendedbyITU-TT.6.
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