105
(OHNWULFNiRNUXçQtSLOD CZ
MHGQXQHERGUXKRXVWUDQXNRWRXĀHQLNG\
QHVWĪMWHYMHGQpOLQLLVNRWRXĀHP=SČWQê
Ui]PĤåH]SĤVRELWåHNRWRXþY\VNRþtVPČUHP]SiWN\
6tO\]SČWQêFKUi]ĤPRKRXEêWNRQWURORYiQ\XåLYDWHOHP
SRNXGMVRXSRGQLNQXW\QiOHåLWpSUHYHQWLYQtNURN\
E 3RNXGVHNRWRXĀ]DVHNQHQHERSĢHUXåt
ĢH]]MDNìFKNROLGĪYRGĪXYROQďWH
SĢHStQDĀDGUçWHSLOXEH]SRK\EXY
PDWHULiOXGRNXGVHQH]DVWDYt1LNG\VH
QHSRNRXåHMWHY\WiKQRXWSLOX]ĢH]XQHER
WODĀLWNRWRXĀ]SďWQď]DWtPFRMHY]iEďUX
Y]QLNiWDNQHEH]SHĀt]SďWQpKRUi]X'EHMWH
]YêãHQpRSDWUQRVWLDGRGUåXMWHVSUiYQêSRVWXSĜH]iQt
DE\VWHHOLPLQRYDOLGĤYRG]DVHNQXWtNRWRXþH
F 3ĢLVSRXåWďQtSLO\YĢH]XGHMWHNRWRXĀ
GRSURVWĢHGĢH]XD]NRQWUROXMWHMHVWOL]XE\
SLO\QHMVRXYHVW\NXVPDWHULiOHP3RNXGVH
NRWRXþ]DVHNQHPĤåHY\MHWYHQQHER]SČWQČY\VNRþLW
]ĜH]DQpKRPDWHULiOXSĜLVSXãWČQtSLO\
G 3RGORçWHYHONpNXV\PDWHULiOXWDNDE\
QHGRFKi]HORNVHYĢHQtNRWRXĀHDN
]SďWQpPXUi]X9HONpNXV\PDWHULiOXPDMtWHQGHQFL
VHSURKêEDWYODVWQtYDKRX3RGSČU\PXVtEêWXPtVWQČQ\
QDRERXVWUDQiFKEOt]NROLQLHĜH]XDEOt]NRRNUDMH
PDWHULiOX
H 1HSRXçtYHMWHRWXSHQpQHERSRåNR]HQp
NRWRXĀH1HQDRVWĜHQpQHERQHVSUiYQČ
QDLQVWDORYDQpNRWRXþHSURYiGČMt~]NêĜH]Y\WYiĜHMtFt
QDGPČUQpWĜHQtD]Y\ãXMHVHWDNUL]LNR]DVHNQXWt
NRWRXþHD]SČWQpKRUi]X
I +ORXENDĢH]XDQDVWDYHQtVNORQXNRWRXĀH
PXVtEìWSHYQď]DDUHWRYiQDSĢtVOXåQìPL
SiĀNDPLDGĢtYHQHç]DĀQHWHVDPRWQìĢH]
3RNXGVHQDVWDYHQtNRWRXþHSRVXQHEČKHPĜH]X
PĤåH]DSĜtþLQLW]DVHNQXWtD]SČWQêUi]
J 3ĢHGYHGHQtPĢH]XVHYçG\SĢHVYďGĀWH
çHYMHKRGUi]HQHEUiQtçiGQiSĢHNiçND
9\VWXSXMtFtNRWRXþPĤåHSĜHĜH]DWSĜHGPČW\NWHUp
PRKRX]SĤVRELW]SČWQêUi]QDSĜKĜHEtN\YUXW\DSRG
%(=3(ÿ12671Ì
32.<1<352
9<.58æ29$&Ì7<3
3,/<
)81.&(2&+5$1<
D 3ĢHGNDçGìPSRXçLWtP]NRQWUROXMWH]GD
MHFKUiQLĀVSUiYQď]DYĢHQì1HSRXçtYHMWH
SLOXSRNXGVHFKUiQLĀQHSRK\EXMHYROQď
DEH]SURVWĢHGQďQHNU\MHNRWRXĀ1LNG\
QH]DMLãĢXMWHFKUiQLþYRWHYĜHQpSROR]H9SĜtSDGČ
QiKRGQpKRSiGXSLO\E\PRKORGRMtWNRKQXWtFKUiQLþH
=NRQWUROXMWH]GDVHFKUiQLþSRK\EXMHYROQČDQHGRWêNi
VHNRWRXþHDQLåiGQpMLQpþiVWLYHYãHFK~KOHFKD
KORXENiFKĜH]X
E =NRQWUROXMWHIXQJRYiQtDVWDYYUDWQp
SUXçLQ\FKUiQLĀH3RNXGRFKUDQDD
SUXçLQDQHIXQJXMtVSUiYQďPXVtEìWSĢHG
SRXçLWtPRSUDYHQ\&KUiQLþVHPĤåHSRK\ERYDW
REWtåQČ]GĤYRGXSRãNR]HQtVRXþiVWtOHSLYêFK
XVD]HQLQQHERXVD]HQêFKQHþLVWRW
F =DMLVWďWHDE\VHYRGtFtGHVNDSLO\
QHPRKODRWiĀHWSĢLÅY\NUXçRYiQt´
NG\çSRNRVNRWRXĀHQHQtQDVWDYHQQD
9\ERþRYiQtNRWRXþH]SĤVREt]DGUKiYiQtD
SUDYGČSRGREQČ]SČWQêUi]
3ĢHGRGORçHQtPSLO\QDVWĪOQHERQDSRGODKX
YçG\]NRQWUROXMWH]GDMHNRWRXĀ]DNU\Wì
FKUiQLĀHP1HFKUiQČQêNRWRXþEČåtFtVHWUYDþQRVWt
PĤåH]SĤVRELW]SČWQêUi]SLO\DĜH]DQtGRYãHKRFRMHY
MHKRRNROt3ĜLSUiFLSRþtWHMWHVGRERXGREČKXNRWRXþHSR
Y\SQXWtSĜHStQDþH
=9/Éä71Ì
%(=3(ÿ12671Ì
832=251Ď1Ì352
2.58æ1Ì3,/8
3RXåtYHMWHSRX]HĜH]QpNRWRXþHGRSRUXþHQp
YêUREFHPNWHUpRGSRYtGDMtQRUPČ(1SRNXG
MVRXXUþHQ\SURGĜHYRDSRGREQpPDWHULiO\
1HSRXåtYHMWHåiGQpDEUD]tYQtNRWRXþH
3LORYpNRWRXþHPXVtPtWSUĤPČURGSRYtGDMtFt
SĜtVOXãQpPX]QDþHQt
3URĜH]DQêPDWHULiOSRXåtYHMWHYKRGQpĜH]QpNRWRXþH
3RXåtYHMWHSRX]HĜH]QpNRWRXþHNWHUpMVRXR]QDþHQ\
U\FKORVWQtPLQGH[HPNWHUêMHVKRGQêQHERY\ããtQHå
U\FKORVWQtLQGH[Y\]QDþHQêQDQiĜDGt
'23/Ě.29e
%(=3(ÿ12671Ì
32.<1<352ġ(=É1Ì
'/$æ',&
D2FKUDQQìSURVWĢHGHNNWHUìMHN
GLVSR]LFLXQiVWURMHPXVtEìWNWRPXWR
HOHNWULFNpPXQiĢDGtSHYQďSĢLSRMHQ
DXPtVWďQVRKOHGHPQDPD[LPiOQt
EH]SHĀQRVWDWRWDNDE\VPďUHPN
REVOXKXMtFtPXSUDFRYQtNRYLVPďĢRYDOD
FRQHMPHQåtĀiVWNRWRXĀH9\ViPL
RVRE\VWRMtFtRNRORVHGUçWHYGRVWDWHĀQp
Y]GiOHQRVWLRGURYLQ\URWXMtFtKRNRWRXĀH
.RWRXþHNWHUpQHMVRXXUþHQ\SUR9DãHQiĜDGtVH
QHGDMtSĜLPČĜHQČFKUiQLWDMVRXQHEH]SHþQp
E6WtPWRHOHNWULFNìPQiVWURMHPSRXçtYHMWH
SRX]HGLDPDQWRYpĢH]DFtNRWRXĀH0RåQRVW
QDPRQWRYDWQDQiĜDGtSĜtVOXãHQVWYtQH]QDPHQiåH
GDQiNRPELQDFHEXGHIXQJRYDWEH]SHþQČ
F -PHQRYLWpRWiĀN\SĢtVOXåHQVWYtVHPXVt
URYQDWQHEREìWY\ååtQHçMPHQRYLWp
RWiĀN\Y\]QDĀHQpQDQiĢDGt3ĜtVOXãHQVWYt
SRXåtYDQpSĜLY\ããtFKQHåGRSRUXþHQêFKRWiþNiFK
PĤåH]SĤVRELW]UDQČQtRVREQHERSRãNR]HQt
QiĜDGt