4.
SPECIFICATIONS
OF
FUEL
Use
a No. 1
"DIESEL"
Fuel
purchased from a
reputable
oil
company.
In
warm weather
No.2
"DIESEL"
Fuel
may be used.
This
fuel
must
be
within the classification
limits as established
by
the
American
Society for Testing Material, Tentative
"DIESEL"
Fuel
Oil Specifications
(ASTM
0975).
For
longer engine life
and
performance, fuel re-
quirements
mus~
comply with four basic qualifi-
cations:
I. Physical cleanliness.
2. Absence of chemical contamination.
3.
Proper burning characteristics.
4.
Cold starting ability.
Physical cleanliness means freedom from water,
dirt,
and
other incombustible ingredients. Since
all present
day
high speed
"DIESEL"
fuels
are
com-
pletely distilled, they leave the refinery
in
clean
condition.
The most objectionable chemical contaminants
are
free sulphur
and
gum, which, even
in
relatively
small quantities
are
largely responsible for harm-
ful
internal engine deposits. The fuel must also be
11
free from alkali
and
mineral acids.
Proper burning characteristics
are
dependent upon
ignition quality
and
volatility.
All
fuels meeting the requirements of the No.
1-0
and
also the lighter types of fuel
in
the No.
2-D
grade
of ASTM-D975
"DIESEL"
Fuel
Oil Specifica-
tions
are
satisfactory.
The
more volatile
grade
(AST M No.
I-D)
is
recommended for all types of
service where frequent speed
and
load changes
occur, while fuels
in
the heavier
grade
(ASTM
No.
2-D) may be used with sustained high loads.
Prolonged use of fuels combining low ignition
quality
(less than
45
Cetane Number) with high
boiling temperature (more than
675
0
F.
end
paint)
should be avoided, particularly
in
cold weather.
CAUTION,
The
sulphur content of
"DIESEL"
fuel
should
be
as
low
as
possible.
For
warm
weather
conditions, the fuel should contain not more than
V.
of
1 % sulphur.
For
cold weather operation, fuel
with not more than
3/10
of 1 % sulphur
is
preferable.
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