HOSE FRICTION LOSS
RESISTANCE OF VALVES AND FITTINGS
Water
Flow
GPM
1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4 1”
0.5 16 5 2
1 54 20 7 2
2 180 60 25 6 2
3 380 120 50 13 4 2
4 220 90 24 7 3
5 320 130 34 10 4
6 220 52 16 7 1
8 300 80 25 10 2
10 450 120 38 14 3
15 900 250 80 30 7
20 1600 400 121 50 12
25 650 200 76 19
30 250 96 24
40 410 162 42
50 600 235 62
60 370 93
PRESSURE DROP IN PSI PER 100 FT OF HOSE
WITH TYPICAL WATER FLOW RATES
Hose inside diameters, inches
Nominal
Pipe Inside 180˚ Tee Tee
Size Diameter Gate Globe Angle 45˚ 90˚ Close Thru Thru
Inches Inches Valve Valve Valve Elbow Elbow Ret Run Branch
1/2 0.622 0.41 18.5 9.3 0.78 1.67 3.71 0.93 3.33
3/4 0.824 0.54 24.5 12.3 1.03 2.21 4.90 1.23 4.41
1 1.049 0.69 31.2 15.6 1.31 2.81 6.25 1.56 5.62
1-1/4 1.380 0.90 41.0 20.5 1.73 3.70 8.22 2.06 7.40
1-1/2 1.610 1.05 48.0 24.0 2.15 4.31 9.59 2.4 8.63
2 2.067 1.35 61.5 30.8 2.59 5.55 12.30 3.08 11.6
2-1/2 2.469 1.62 73.5 36.8 3.09 6.61 14.70 3.68 13.20
3 3.068 2.01 91.5 45.8 3.84 8.23 18.20 4.57 16.40
4 4.026 2.64 120.0 60.0 5.03 10.80 23.90 6.00 21.6
Arriving at a total line pressure loss, consideration should then be given to pressure
loss created by valves, fitting and elevation of lines.
If a sufficient number of valve and fitting are incorporated in the system to materially
affect the total line loss, add to the total line length, the equivalent length of line of
each valve or fitting.
Equivalent Length of Standard Pipe in Feet
HELPFUL FORMULAS AND REFERENCE CHARTS
Determining
Pump RPM
Determining
Required HP
Determining
Motor Pulley Size
Rated GPM
Rated RPM
“Desired” GPM
“Desired” RPM
=
GPM x PSI
1460
Electric Brake
H.P. Required
=
Motor Pulley OD
Pump RPM
Pump Pulley OD
Motor RPM
=
NOZZLE VOLUME (GPM) AT VARIOUS PRESSURES (PSI)
Nozzle Orifice 100 500 800 1000 1200 1500 2000 4000
Size Dia. PSI PSI PSI PSI PSI PSI PSI PSI
2 .034 .32 .71 .89 1.00 1.10 1.22 1.41 2.00
2.5 .039 .40 .88 1.12 1.25 1.37 1.53 1.77 2.50
3 .043 .47 1.06 1.34 1.50 1.67 1.84 2.12 3.00
3.5 .048 .55 1.24 1.57 1.75 1.92 2.14 2.47 3.50
4 .052 .63 1.41 1.79 2.00 2.19 2.45 2.83 4.00
4.5 .055 .71 1.59 2.01 2.25 2.46 2.76 3.18 4.50
5 .057 .79 1.77 2.24 2.50 2.74 3.06 3.54 5.00
5.5 0.60 .87 1.94 2.46 2.75 3.01 3.37 3.89 5.50
6 .062 .95 2.12 2.68 3.00 3.29 3.67 4.24 6.00
6.5 .064 1.03 2.30 2.91 3.25 3.56 3.98 4.60 6.50
7 .067 1.11 2.47 3.13 3.50 3.83 4.29 4.95 7.00
7.5 .070 1.19 2.65 3.35 3.75 4.11 4.59 5.30 7.50
8 .072 1.26 2.83 3.58 4.00 4.38 4.90 5.66 8.00
8.5 0.74 1.34 3.01 3.80 4.25 4.66 5.21 6.01 8.50
9 .076 1.42 3.18 4.02 4.50 4.93 5.51 6.36 9.00
9.5 0.78 1.50 3.36 4.25 4.75 5.20 5.82 6.72 9.50
10 0.80 1.58 3.54 4.47 5.00 5.48 3.12 7.07 10.00
11 0.83 1.74 3.89 4.92 5.50 6.02 6.74 7.78 11.00
12 0.87 1.90 4.24 5.37 6.00 6.57 7.35 8.49 12.00
12.5 .089 1.98 4.42 5.59 6.25 6.85 7.65 8.84 12.5
13 .091 2.06 4.60 5.81 6.50 7.12 7.96 9.19 13.00
14 .093 2.21 4.95 6.26 7.00 7.67 8.57 9.90 14.00
15 .096 2.37 5.30 6.71 7.50 8.22 9.19 10.61 15.00
20 .109 3.16 7.07 8.94 10.00 10.95 12.25 14.14 20.00
25 .125 3.95 8.84 11.18 12.50 13.69 15.31 17.68 25.00
30 .141 4.74 10.61 13.42 15.00 16.43 18.37 21.12 30.00
40 .156 6.32 14.14 17.89 20.00 21.91 24.49 28.28 40.00
50 .172 7.91 17.68 22.36 25.00 27.39 30.62 35.36 50.00
60 .188 9.49 21.21 28.83 30.00 32.86 36.74 42.43 60.00
NOZZLE COVERAGE CHART
Included
Spray
Angle
2” 4” 6” 8” 10” 12” 15” 18” 24”
5˚ 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.6 2.1
10˚ 0.4 0.7 1.1 1.4 1.8 2.1 2.6 3.1 4.2
15˚ 0.5 1.1 1.6 2.1 2.6 3.2 3.9 4.7 6.3
20˚ 0.7 1.4 2.1 2.8 3.5 4.2 5.3 6.4 8.5
25˚ 0.9 1.8 2.7 3.5 4.4 5.3 6.6 8.0 10.6
30˚ 1.1 2.1 3.2 4.3 6.4 5.4 8.1 9.7 12.8
35˚ 1.3 2.5 3.8 5.0 6.3 7.6 9.5 11.3 15.5
40˚ 1.5 2.9 4.4 5.8 7.3 8.7 10.9 13.1 17.5
45˚ 1.7 3.3 5.0 6.6 8.3 9.9 12.4 14.9 19.9
50˚ 1.9 3.7 5.6 7.5 9.3 11.2 14.0 16.8 22.4
55˚ 2.1 4.2 6.3 8.3 10.3 12.5 15.6 18.7 25.0
60˚ 2.3 4.6 6.9 9.2 11.5 13.8 17.3 20.6 27.7
65˚ 2.5 5.1 7.6 10.2 12.7 15.3 19.2 22.9 30.5
70˚ 2.8 5.6 8.4 11.2 14.0 16.8 21.0 25.2 33.6
75˚ 3.1 6.1 9.2 12.3 15.3 18.4 23.0 27.6 36.8
80˚ 3.4 6.7 10.1 13.4 16.8 20.2 25.2 30.3 40.3
85˚ 3.7 7.3 11.0 14.7 18.3 22.0 27.5 33.0 44.0
90˚ 4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 20.0 24.0 30.0 36.0 48.0
95˚ 4.4 8.7 13.1 17.5 21.8 26.2 32.8 39.3 52.4
100˚ 4.8 9.5 14.3 19.1 23.8 28.6 35.8 43.0 57.2
110˚ 5.7 11.4 17.1 22.8 28.5 34.3 42.8 51.4 68.5
120˚ 6.9 13.9 20.8 27.7 34.6 41.6 52.0 62.4 83.2
130˚ 8.6 17.2 25.7 34.3 42.9 51.5 64.4 77.3 103
140˚ 10.9 21.9 32.9 43.8 54.8 65.7 82.2 98.6
150˚ 14.9 29.8 44.7 59.6 74.5 89.5 112
160˚ 22.7 45.4 68.0 90.6 113
170˚ 45.8 91.6
THEORETICAL COVERAGE AT VARIOUS DISTANCES
FROM NOZZLE ORIFICE
GPM
Nozzle
( )
2
4000
PSI
PSI
4000
4000
NOZZLE FORMULAS
Nozzle# = GPM x
GPM = Nozzle # x
PSI = x
SPRAY
ANGLE
THEORETICAL
COVERAGE
SPRAY
DISTANCE
SPRAY ANGLE
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