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Elenco Electronics AM/FM-108CK User Manual

Elenco Electronics AM/FM-108CK
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AM/FM RADIO KIT
MODEL AM/FM-108CK SUPERHET RADIO
CONTAINS TWO SEPARATE AUDIO SYSTEMS:
IC AND TRANSISTOR
ELENCO
®
Copyright © 2012 by ELENCO
®
All rights reserved. 753510
No part of this book shall be reproduced by any means; electronic, photocopying, or otherwise without written permission from the publisher.
Assembly and Instruction Manual
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Elenco Electronics AM/FM-108CK Specifications

General IconGeneral
TypeAM/FM Radio Kit
TuningAnalog
FM Frequency Range88 - 108 MHz
Power Source9V Battery
AM Frequency Range530 kHz - 1600 kHz
Speaker8 Ohms
AntennaTelescopic antenna for FM, Internal Ferrite Bar antenna for AM

Summary

Introduction to the Superhet 108C Radio Kit

General Discussion of Radio Operation

Construction and Safety Procedures

Soldering Techniques and Quality Guide

Techniques for proper soldering and identifying good connections.

Safety and Handling Precautions

Essential safety precautions for working with tools and soldering.

Soldering Quality Guide

Visual guide to identifying correct and incorrect solder connections.

Semiconductor Parts Familiarization

Transistor and Diode Testing Methods

Method for testing transistors and diodes using an ohmmeter.

Section 1A: IC Audio Amplifier

IC Audio Amplifier Assembly and Testing

Building and testing the IC audio amplifier stage.

Assembly Instructions: Initial Component Installation

Static Measurements: Power and Bias Tests

Power Test

Measuring the initial power consumption of the circuit.

Output Bias Test

Verifying voltage levels at key test points in the circuit.

Dynamic Measurements: Audio Amplifier Gain

Audio Amplifier Gain Measurement

Measuring the AC voltage gain of the audio amplifier stage.

Dynamic Measurements: Amplifier Bandwidth and Distortion

Audio Amplifier Bandwidth Analysis

Determining the frequency range over which the amplifier operates effectively.

Audio Amplifier Distortion Assessment

Assessing signal distortion at maximum output levels.

Audio Amplifier Performance Metrics

Maximum Power Output Calculation

Calculating the maximum undistorted power output.

Efficiency Calculation

Determining the power conversion efficiency of the amplifier.

Section 1B: Transistor Audio Amplifier

Transistor Amplifier Assembly and Testing

Building and testing the five-transistor audio amplifier stage.

Assembly Instructions: Transistor Amplifier

Static Measurements: Transistor Amplifier

Transistor Amplifier Power and Bias Tests

Checking power consumption and verifying bias voltages for the transistor amplifier.

Dynamic Measurements: Transistor Amplifier

Transistor Bias Tests

Measuring bias voltages for specific transistors in the amplifier.

Transistor Amplifier DC Gain Calculation

Calculating the DC gain of the transistor audio amplifier.

Dynamic Measurements: Transistor Amplifier AC Gain

Transistor Amplifier AC Gain Measurement

Measuring AC gain for the transistor audio amplifier.

Dynamic Measurements: Transistor Amplifier AC Bandwidth

Transistor Amplifier AC Bandwidth Determination

Determining the AC bandwidth of the transistor amplifier.

Transistor Amplifier Performance Metrics

Maximum Power Output for Transistor Amplifier

Calculating maximum undistorted power output for the transistor amplifier.

Efficiency Calculation for Transistor Amplifier

Determining power conversion efficiency for the transistor amplifier.

Section 2: AM Detector and AGC Stage

AM Detector and AGC Assembly and Testing

Understanding, assembling, and testing the AM detector and AGC circuits.

Static Measurements: AM Detector and AGC

AGC Bias and Transformer T8 Test

Measuring AGC bias and testing transformer T8.

Dynamic Measurements: AM Detector and AGC

AM Detector and AGC Test Procedure

Testing AM detector and AGC performance with external equipment.

System Check for AM Detector/AGC

Performing a system check after AM detector and AGC tests.

AM Detector Bandwidth Test

Section 3: Second AM IF Amplifier

Second AM IF Amplifier Assembly and Testing

Building and testing the second AM Intermediate Frequency amplifier.

Assembly Instructions: Second AM IF Amplifier

Q9 Bias Measurement

Measuring the bias voltage at transistor Q9.

Section 4: First AM IF Amplifier

First AM IF Amplifier Assembly and Testing

Building and testing the first AM Intermediate Frequency amplifier.

Dynamic Measurements: First AM IF Amplifier

First AM IF Amplifier AC Gain Measurement

Measuring AC gain for the first AM IF amplifier.

Section 5: AM Mixer, Oscillator, Antenna

AM Mixer, Oscillator, Antenna Assembly

Assembling the AM mixer, oscillator, and antenna stages.

Assembly Instructions: AM Mixer, Oscillator, Antenna

Assembly Instructions: Tuning Gang Capacitor and Stand

PC Board Stand Assembly

Assembling the PC board stand.

Static Measurements: AM Oscillator and Q7 Bias

Q7 Bias Measurement

Measuring the bias voltage at transistor Q7.

AM Oscillator Circuit Test

Testing the functionality of the AM oscillator circuit.

AM Final Alignments

Alignment Without Test Equipment

Aligning AM circuits using basic tools and an earphone.

IF and Oscillator Alignment

Tuning IF transformers and adjusting oscillator for optimal AM reception.

Antenna Alignment

AM Alignment With Test Equipment

IF Alignment with Test Equipment

Tuning IF amplifiers using test equipment for AM signals.

Oscillator and RF Alignment

Oscillator Alignment

Adjusting the oscillator for proper frequency tracking.

RF Alignment

Aligning the RF stage to track the oscillator.

AM Radio Highlights

DC Voltages

Quiz: AM Radio Section

Parts List for FM Section

Section 6: The FM Radio

FM Ratio Detector Operation and Testing

Understanding, testing, and aligning the FM ratio detector circuit.

Assembly Instructions: FM Radio

Static Measurements: FM Voltage and Current

FM Voltage Measurement

Measuring DC voltage in the FM section.

Transistor Current Test

Measuring transistor current in the FM section.

Dynamic Measurements: FM Ratio Detector

FM Ratio Detector AC Gain Measurement

Measuring AC gain of the FM ratio detector circuit.

Ratio Detector Alignment Methods

Alignment Without Test Equipment

Aligning the FM ratio detector without test equipment.

Ratio Detector Alignment With Test Equipment

Method 2: RF Generator and Oscilloscope

Aligning the FM ratio detector using RF generator and oscilloscope.

Method 3: Sweep Generator and Oscilloscope

Aligning the FM ratio detector using a sweep generator.

Section 7: Second FM IF Amplifier

Second FM IF Amplifier Assembly and Testing

Building and testing the second FM IF amplifier stage.

Static Tests: Q5 Bias Measurement

Q5 Bias Measurement

Measuring the bias voltage at transistor Q5 in the FM section.

Dynamic Measurements: Second FM IF Amplifier

Second FM IF Amplifier AC Gain

Measuring AC gain of the second FM IF amplifier.

Second FM IF Amplifier Bandwidth

Determining the bandwidth of the second FM IF amplifier.

Section 8: First FM IF Amplifier

First FM IF Amplifier Assembly and Testing

Building and testing the first FM IF amplifier stage.

Dynamic Measurements: First FM IF Amplifier

First FM IF Amplifier AC Gain

Measuring AC gain of the first FM IF amplifier.

First FM IF Amplifier Bandwidth

Determining the bandwidth of the first FM IF amplifier.

Section 9: FM RF, Mixer, Oscillator, AFC

FM RF, Mixer, Oscillator, AFC Assembly and Testing

Assembling and testing the FM RF amplifier, mixer, oscillator, and AFC stages.

Static Measurements: FM Mixer and Q3 Bias

Q3 Bias Measurement

Measuring the bias voltage at transistor Q3.

FM Mixer AC Gain Measurement

Measuring AC gain of the FM mixer stage.

Bandwidth Test and FM Oscillator Assembly

Bandwidth Test

Testing the bandwidth of the FM oscillator circuit.

FM Oscillator Assembly Instructions

Assembling the FM oscillator components.

Static Measurements and AFC

Q2 Bias Measurement

Measuring the bias voltage at transistor Q2.

AFC Assembly Instructions

Assembling the Automatic Frequency Control circuit.

Static Measurements: Q1 Bias

Q1 Bias Measurement

Measuring the bias voltage at transistor Q1.

RF Amplifier Assembly Instructions

FM Final Alignments

Alignment Without Test Equipment

Aligning FM circuits without test equipment using a magic wand.

IF and Oscillator Alignment

Tuning FM IF coils and adjusting oscillator for optimal reception.

RF Alignment

Alignment With RF Generator and Oscilloscope

IF Alignment with Test Equipment

Tuning FM IF amplifiers using test equipment.

Oscillator and RF Alignment Procedures

Oscillator Alignment

Adjusting the oscillator for proper frequency tracking.

RF Alignment

Aligning the RF stage to track the oscillator.

FM Radio Highlights

DC Voltages

Specifications

Quiz: FM Radio Section

AM/FM-108 Radio Baffle Assembly

Box Usage Notice

Important notice regarding the kit box for future use.

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