GROUND SERVICING
AIRPLANE
OPERATIONS
MANUAL
1-12-20
Page
10
Code
01
REVISION 38
AOM-145/1114
Engines – deposits of snow should be mechanically removed from
engine intakes using either brooms, soft hand scrapers or rubber
scrappers. Frozen deposits adhering to either the lower surface of the
intake or to the fan blades should be removed by the applying hot air.
To ensure the safety of ground personnel and passengers, this should
be carefully coordinated with the flight crew.
It is also important to examine and remove all ice attached to the
surface close to the pitot and static sensors, static ports, TAT probes,
AOA sensors, and ice detectors. However, deicing or anti-icing fluid
should not be applied directly to these devices. The fluids should be
sprayed along the top of the sensors, allowing the fluid to cascade
down across the sensor and de-ice it.
GROUND ANTI-ICING STRATEGY
Once the airplane has been fully deiced, then it is time to consider the
prevention of any further ice contamination prior to takeoff by
application of an anti-icing treatment. To prevent frozen contamination
on airplane surfaces, the anti-icing operation requires that fluids be
distributed uniformly over surfaces. In order to control uniformity, all
horizontal surfaces must be visually checked during fluid application.
The correct amount is indicated by fluid just beginning to drip off the
leading edge. The following surfaces must be protected: wing upper
surface and leading edge, horizontal stabilizer upper surface and
leading edge, elevator upper surface, vertical stabilizer and rudder,
fuselage upper surface.
On the wings, the best results are obtained by starting the spraying at
the highest part of the wing section and proceeding towards the
leading and trailing edges. On vertical surfaces, start at the top and
work down.
A check for fluid coverage and residual ice is required immediately
following application of the deicing/anti-icing fluids and should be
accomplished by a qualified person. It is possible that fluid may not
flow evenly over the protected surfaces. It is essential that the wings,
horizontal and vertical stabilizer are properly coated with fluid. It is also
important that the fluid be applied symmetrically to both wings so as to
ensure that the aerodynamic effect of the fluid remaining is the same
on both sides of the airplane.
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