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HEIDENHAIN EnDat 2.2 - User Manual

HEIDENHAIN EnDat 2.2
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Digital drive systems and feedback loops with position encoders for measured value acquisition require fast data transfer with high
transmission reliability from the encoders. Further data such as drive-specifi c parameters, compensation tables, etc. must also
be made available. For high system reliability, the encoders must be integrated in routines for error detection and have diagnostic
capabilities.
The EnDat interface from HEIDENHAIN is a digital, bidirectional interface for encoders. It is capable both of transmitting position values
from incremental and absolute encoders as well as transmitting or updating information stored in the encoder, or saving new information.
Thanks to the serial transmission method, only four signal lines are required. The data are transmitted in synchronism with the clock
signal from the subsequent electronics. The type of transmission (position values, parameters, diagnostics, etc.) is selected through
mode commands that the subsequent electronics send to the encoder. The EnDat 2.2 interface, a purely serial interface, is also suited for
safety-related applications up to SIL 3.
Technical Information
EnDat 2.2 – Bidirectional Interface for Position Encoders
Voltage supply
CLOCK
16 MHz
DATA Position values, parameters, datum shifts,
electronic ID label, diagnostics, warning, etc.
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Summary

Technical Information

EnDat 2.2 - Bidirectional Interface for Position Encoders

Introduces the EnDat 2.2 interface, its digital and bidirectional nature for position encoders, and key features like fast data transfer.

Benefits of the EnDat Interface

Cost Optimization

Details how EnDat reduces system costs through a single interface, simpler electronics, and fewer wiring requirements.

Improved Quality

Highlights how EnDat enhances system accuracy and contour accuracy, especially for CNC machine tools.

Higher Availability

Explains how EnDat improves system availability via automatic configuration and high transmission reliability.

Safety System

Covers EnDat 2.2's suitability for safety-related designs up to SIL 3, including error detection and redundancy.

State-of-the-Art Machine Designs

Discusses EnDat's support for modern machine designs, including direct drive technology and fast cycle times.

EnDat 2.2 Interface Details

History, Compatibility, and Encoder Types

Covers EnDat evolution, compatibility, and the range of supported encoder types.

Order Designations and Incremental Signals

Explains order designations and the role of incremental signals in EnDat encoders.

Voltage Supply and Command Sets

Details voltage supply ranges for EnDat versions and the function of command sets.

Clock Frequency and Cable Length

Position Value Transmission

Describes how position values are transmitted, including calculation time and data packet length.

Additional Data Transmission

Explains the transmission of additional data appended to position values, such as status and diagnostics.

Memory Areas and Functional Safety

Memory Areas Overview

Details the different memory areas in encoders for parameters, OEM information, and operating status.

Monitoring and Diagnostic Functions

Highlights the interface's ability to monitor and diagnose encoders, including error messages and warnings.

Functional Safety Principle

Explains EnDat 2.2's role in safety-related applications, referencing relevant standards like ISO 13849-1.

Input Circuitry

Describes the input circuitry requirements for subsequent electronics, including RS 485 drivers.

Data Transfer Mechanisms

Clock Synchronization and Cable Length

Explains clock pulse transmission for synchronization and the relationship between clock frequency and cable length.

Determining Propagation Time

Details the process of measuring signal propagation time for accurate data transmission.

Selecting Transmission Types

EnDat 2.1 Mode Commands

Describes EnDat 2.1 mode commands for parameter transmission and their structure.

EnDat 2.2 Mode Commands

Explains EnDat 2.2 mode commands for parameter transmission, enabling closed-loop operation.

Position Value Transmission

Position Value Packet Structure

Details the EnDat data packet for position values, including start bit, error bits, and CRC.

Timing and Calculation Parameters

Provides key timing parameters like calculation time (tcal), recovery time (tm), and data delay time (td).

Data Packet Composition

Content of the Data Packet

Explains the elements within an EnDat data packet, including position value, additional data, and CRC.

Error Messages and Position Value

Describes error messages, their causes, and how position values are transmitted from LSB.

Additional Data Transmission

Details how additional data is selected and transmitted with position values in EnDat 2.2.

Additional Data Details

Status Data Explanation

Explains status data bits like WRN (warnings), RM (reference mark), and Busy.

Content of Additional Data

Lists possible contents for additional data, including diagnostics, position value 2, and parameters.

Additional Datum 1 and 2 Contents

Details specific contents for Additional Data 1 (e.g., Diagnostics, Temperature) and Additional Data 2 (e.g., Commutation, Acceleration).

Parameter Memory Areas

Encoder Manufacturer Parameters

Describes parameters set by the manufacturer, containing encoder-specific information.

OEM and Operating Parameters

Explains OEM-definable and operating parameters for datum shift and diagnostics.

Operating Status Information

Covers the memory area for error messages, warnings, and initializing encoder functions.

EnDat 2.1 Manufacturer Parameters

Encoder Types Definition

Categorizes HEIDENHAIN encoders into types like Linear, Rotary, and Multiturn for parameter evaluation.

Parameter Evaluation Categories

Defines evaluation categories (Required, Depends on application, Informative, Irrelevant) for parameter usage.

Parameter Table Overview (EnDat 2.1)

Presents a table summarizing parameters for EnDat 2.1, including their unit and applicability.

EnDat 2.2 Manufacturer Parameters

Parameter Table Overview (EnDat 2.2)

Provides a table of parameters specific to EnDat 2.2, detailing their function and relevance.

Parameter Transmission Methods

EnDat 2.1 Parameter Transmission

Explains parameter transmission using EnDat 2.1 mode commands for open control loops.

EnDat 2.2 Parameter Transmission

Describes parameter transmission via EnDat 2.2 mode commands for closed control loops.

Parameter Transmission Sequence

Illustrates the sequence of data communication for parameter transmission, including MRS codes.

Encoder Diagnostics

Online Diagnostics Features

Details the benefits and applications of online diagnostics for encoder monitoring and troubleshooting.

Valuation Numbers for Function Reserves

Explains how valuation numbers provide insight into encoder function reserves and status.

Interrogating Diagnostic Data

Describes the process of activating and interrogating diagnostic data, including valuation numbers.

Configuration Options

Operating Status Functions

Covers configuration of operating status, including recovery time and multiturn functions.

Operating Parameters Configuration

Explains the configuration of operating parameters like datum shift and diagnostics.

Write Protection Settings

Describes how to write-protect OEM and operating parameter memory areas.

Interface: Voltage Supply and Switch-On

Voltage Supply Requirements

Details the DC voltage supply requirements for EnDat 2.2 encoders, including ripple content.

Encoder Starting Behavior

Explains the encoder's initialization phase, start-up time, and the necessary switch-on routine.

Power-On Routine Sequence

Illustrates the simplified power-on routine, including initialization conclusion and reset commands.

Connection Technology and Implementation

Connection Aspects

Covers connecting elements, cables, and their specifications for EnDat interfaces.

EnDat Implementation Tools and Resources

Details tools like Demotool, EnDat master, error injector, and available documentation.

Encoder Overview

Absolute and Angle Encoders

Summarizes absolute and angle encoder types, including their resolutions.

Rotary and Incremental Encoders

Lists rotary (optical/inductive) and incremental encoder types with their resolutions.

Summary

Technical Information

EnDat 2.2 - Bidirectional Interface for Position Encoders

Introduces the EnDat 2.2 interface, its digital and bidirectional nature for position encoders, and key features like fast data transfer.

Benefits of the EnDat Interface

Cost Optimization

Details how EnDat reduces system costs through a single interface, simpler electronics, and fewer wiring requirements.

Improved Quality

Highlights how EnDat enhances system accuracy and contour accuracy, especially for CNC machine tools.

Higher Availability

Explains how EnDat improves system availability via automatic configuration and high transmission reliability.

Safety System

Covers EnDat 2.2's suitability for safety-related designs up to SIL 3, including error detection and redundancy.

State-of-the-Art Machine Designs

Discusses EnDat's support for modern machine designs, including direct drive technology and fast cycle times.

EnDat 2.2 Interface Details

History, Compatibility, and Encoder Types

Covers EnDat evolution, compatibility, and the range of supported encoder types.

Order Designations and Incremental Signals

Explains order designations and the role of incremental signals in EnDat encoders.

Voltage Supply and Command Sets

Details voltage supply ranges for EnDat versions and the function of command sets.

Clock Frequency and Cable Length

Position Value Transmission

Describes how position values are transmitted, including calculation time and data packet length.

Additional Data Transmission

Explains the transmission of additional data appended to position values, such as status and diagnostics.

Memory Areas and Functional Safety

Memory Areas Overview

Details the different memory areas in encoders for parameters, OEM information, and operating status.

Monitoring and Diagnostic Functions

Highlights the interface's ability to monitor and diagnose encoders, including error messages and warnings.

Functional Safety Principle

Explains EnDat 2.2's role in safety-related applications, referencing relevant standards like ISO 13849-1.

Input Circuitry

Describes the input circuitry requirements for subsequent electronics, including RS 485 drivers.

Data Transfer Mechanisms

Clock Synchronization and Cable Length

Explains clock pulse transmission for synchronization and the relationship between clock frequency and cable length.

Determining Propagation Time

Details the process of measuring signal propagation time for accurate data transmission.

Selecting Transmission Types

EnDat 2.1 Mode Commands

Describes EnDat 2.1 mode commands for parameter transmission and their structure.

EnDat 2.2 Mode Commands

Explains EnDat 2.2 mode commands for parameter transmission, enabling closed-loop operation.

Position Value Transmission

Position Value Packet Structure

Details the EnDat data packet for position values, including start bit, error bits, and CRC.

Timing and Calculation Parameters

Provides key timing parameters like calculation time (tcal), recovery time (tm), and data delay time (td).

Data Packet Composition

Content of the Data Packet

Explains the elements within an EnDat data packet, including position value, additional data, and CRC.

Error Messages and Position Value

Describes error messages, their causes, and how position values are transmitted from LSB.

Additional Data Transmission

Details how additional data is selected and transmitted with position values in EnDat 2.2.

Additional Data Details

Status Data Explanation

Explains status data bits like WRN (warnings), RM (reference mark), and Busy.

Content of Additional Data

Lists possible contents for additional data, including diagnostics, position value 2, and parameters.

Additional Datum 1 and 2 Contents

Details specific contents for Additional Data 1 (e.g., Diagnostics, Temperature) and Additional Data 2 (e.g., Commutation, Acceleration).

Parameter Memory Areas

Encoder Manufacturer Parameters

Describes parameters set by the manufacturer, containing encoder-specific information.

OEM and Operating Parameters

Explains OEM-definable and operating parameters for datum shift and diagnostics.

Operating Status Information

Covers the memory area for error messages, warnings, and initializing encoder functions.

EnDat 2.1 Manufacturer Parameters

Encoder Types Definition

Categorizes HEIDENHAIN encoders into types like Linear, Rotary, and Multiturn for parameter evaluation.

Parameter Evaluation Categories

Defines evaluation categories (Required, Depends on application, Informative, Irrelevant) for parameter usage.

Parameter Table Overview (EnDat 2.1)

Presents a table summarizing parameters for EnDat 2.1, including their unit and applicability.

EnDat 2.2 Manufacturer Parameters

Parameter Table Overview (EnDat 2.2)

Provides a table of parameters specific to EnDat 2.2, detailing their function and relevance.

Parameter Transmission Methods

EnDat 2.1 Parameter Transmission

Explains parameter transmission using EnDat 2.1 mode commands for open control loops.

EnDat 2.2 Parameter Transmission

Describes parameter transmission via EnDat 2.2 mode commands for closed control loops.

Parameter Transmission Sequence

Illustrates the sequence of data communication for parameter transmission, including MRS codes.

Encoder Diagnostics

Online Diagnostics Features

Details the benefits and applications of online diagnostics for encoder monitoring and troubleshooting.

Valuation Numbers for Function Reserves

Explains how valuation numbers provide insight into encoder function reserves and status.

Interrogating Diagnostic Data

Describes the process of activating and interrogating diagnostic data, including valuation numbers.

Configuration Options

Operating Status Functions

Covers configuration of operating status, including recovery time and multiturn functions.

Operating Parameters Configuration

Explains the configuration of operating parameters like datum shift and diagnostics.

Write Protection Settings

Describes how to write-protect OEM and operating parameter memory areas.

Interface: Voltage Supply and Switch-On

Voltage Supply Requirements

Details the DC voltage supply requirements for EnDat 2.2 encoders, including ripple content.

Encoder Starting Behavior

Explains the encoder's initialization phase, start-up time, and the necessary switch-on routine.

Power-On Routine Sequence

Illustrates the simplified power-on routine, including initialization conclusion and reset commands.

Connection Technology and Implementation

Connection Aspects

Covers connecting elements, cables, and their specifications for EnDat interfaces.

EnDat Implementation Tools and Resources

Details tools like Demotool, EnDat master, error injector, and available documentation.

Encoder Overview

Absolute and Angle Encoders

Summarizes absolute and angle encoder types, including their resolutions.

Rotary and Incremental Encoders

Lists rotary (optical/inductive) and incremental encoder types with their resolutions.

Overview

This document describes the EnDat 2.2 bidirectional interface for position encoders, a digital interface designed by HEIDENHAIN to facilitate fast and reliable data transfer in digital drive systems and feedback loops. It supports both incremental and absolute encoders, allowing for the transmission of position values, drive-specific parameters, compensation tables, and diagnostic information. The interface is designed for high system reliability, incorporating error detection and diagnostic capabilities, and is suitable for safety-related applications up to SIL 3.

Function Description

The EnDat interface is a digital, bidirectional communication protocol that enables the exchange of information between an encoder and subsequent electronics. It operates serially, requiring only four signal lines (Voltage supply, CLOCK, DATA). Data transmission is synchronized with a clock signal provided by the subsequent electronics. The type of transmission (e.g., position values, parameters, diagnostics) is selected through mode commands sent from the electronics to the encoder.

EnDat 2.2 offers several key advantages over its predecessor, EnDat 2.1, while maintaining compatibility in communication, command set, and timing conditions. It allows for the transfer of additional data (e.g., sensor values, diagnostics) concurrently with position values, eliminating the need for separate requests. This enhancement supports a wider range of encoder types, including those with battery buffers and incremental encoders. The interface protocol has been expanded, and timing conditions (clock frequency, processing time, recovery time) have been optimized.

The interface supports various encoder types, including incremental and absolute linear encoders, and singleturn and multiturn rotational encoders (with or without battery buffers). Parameters for these encoders may be interpreted differently, and additional data processed accordingly, as detailed in the EnDat Specifications.

Important Technical Specifications

  • Interface Type: EnDat serial bidirectional
  • Data Transfer: Position values, parameters, and additional data
  • Data Input: Differential line receiver (EIA standard RS 485) for CLOCK and DATA signals.
  • Data Output: Differential line driver (EIA standard RS 485) for DATA signals.
  • Position Values: Ascending during traverse in the direction of the arrow (refer to encoder dimensions).
  • Incremental Signals: Depends on the encoder (1 VPP, TTL, HTL).
  • Clock Frequency: Variable, depending on cable length.
    • Without propagation-delay compensation: 100 kHz to 2 MHz (max. 150 m cable length).
    • With propagation-delay compensation (for EnDat 21 and 22): up to 16 MHz (max. 100 m cable length).
    • Maximum clock frequency for EnDat x2 encoders is stored in encoder memory; for others, it's 2 MHz.
    • For EnDat 02 encoders with incremental signals, clock frequency is limited to 2 MHz; without incremental signals, it can be up to 16 MHz.
  • Cable Length: Up to 100 m with propagation-delay compensation. For frequencies above 2 MHz, original HEIDENHAIN cables are recommended. Adapter cables directly connected to the encoder should not exceed 20 m; extension cables can be used for greater lengths.
  • Clock On-Off Ratio: Permissible clock frequencies apply for a 1:1 clock on-off ratio (HIGH and LOW levels are equally long).
  • Calculation Time (tcal): Time for encoder to calculate position value. Typical for EnDat 2.2 encoders: ≤ 5 µs; Max. 12 ms.
  • Recovery Time (tm): Time after data transmission before a new transmission can be initiated.
    • EnDat 2.1: 10 µs to 30 µs.
    • EnDat 2.2: 10 µs to 30 µs or 1.25 µs to 3.75 µs (parameterizable, for fCLK ≥ 1 MHz).
  • Data Delay Time (tD): (0.2 + 0.01 x cable length in m) µs.
  • Pulse Width (tHI, tLO): 0.2 µs to 10 µs (tHI); 0.2 ms to 50 ms or up to 30 µs with LC 1x3/4x3 (tLO). Pulse width fluctuation HIGH to LOW max. 10%.
  • Voltage Supply (Up): Stabilized DC voltage.
    • EnDat01/21: 5 V ± 0.25 V.
    • EnDat02/22: 3.6 V to 5.25 V or 14 V.
    • EnDatH: 10 V to 30 V.
    • EnDatT: 4.75 V to 30 V.
    • Permissible ripple: Upp < 250 mV (high frequency) and Upp < 100 mV (low frequency).
  • Start-up Time: Approx. 1.3 s for encoder initialization.
  • Connecting Elements: Primarily 8-pin M12, also 9-pin M23. Designed for cost-effectiveness, compact dimensions, and vibration protection.
  • Functional Safety: EnDat 2.2 supports safety-related applications up to SIL 3, complying with DIN EN ISO 13 849-1, EN 61 508, and EN 61800-5-2. It provides two independent position values and error messages for error detection, along with checksums and acknowledgments.

Usage Features

  • Cost Optimization: A single interface for all encoder types simplifies subsequent electronics, voltage supply, and connection technology, reducing wiring costs. It allows for smaller motor/system dimensions and transmits additional data (e.g., limit switch, temperature) without extra wiring. Faster configuration is possible through datum shifting in the encoder.
  • Improved Quality: Higher system accuracy and contour accuracy (especially for CNC machines) are achieved through encoder-based position value formation, allowing shorter sampling intervals without affecting CNC computing time.
  • Higher Availability: Automatic system axis configuration is possible as all necessary information (electronic ID label) can be stored in the encoder. High system reliability is ensured through purely digital data transmission and cyclic redundancy checking. Encoder diagnostics provide monitoring messages and warnings for evaluation by subsequent electronics.
  • Support for State-of-the-Art Machine Designs: Suitable for direct drive technology due to high resolution, short cycle times, and commutation information. Supports cyclic sampling every 25 µs with full "read and write" mode, with position values available in subsequent electronics after approx. 10 µs.
  • Memory Areas: Encoders feature permanent memory areas for parameters, which can be read by subsequent electronics and written by the encoder manufacturer, OEM, or end-user. These areas store encoder-specific information, OEM data (e.g., motor ID label), operating parameters (datum shift, instructions), and operating status (alarm/warning messages). Certain areas can be write-protected by the manufacturer.
  • Mode Commands: The interface uses mode commands to select the type of data transmitted (position values, parameters, additional data). EnDat 2.2 commands allow for additional data transfer and memory access within a closed control loop.
  • Additional Data: One or two items of additional data (30 bits each, with CRC) can be appended to the position value. This data can include status information (warnings, reference mark status, busy bit), diagnostics, a second position value (for incremental or safety-related applications), memory parameters, MRS-code acknowledgment, test values, temperature, and additional sensor values. Additional datum 2 can include commutation information, acceleration, limit position signals, asynchronous position values, operating status error sources, and timestamps.
  • Configuration: Various functions related to data transmission and encoder operation can be set in the "operating status" or "operating parameters" memory areas. These settings are typically saved and only need to be made once. Configurable items include recovery time, multiturn functions, reference pulse initialization, datum shift, and diagnostic configuration.

Maintenance Features

  • Monitoring and Diagnostic Functions: The EnDat interface enables detailed inspection of the encoder through error messages, warnings, and online diagnostics based on valuation numbers (EnDat 2.2). These functions help identify malfunctions, their causes, and the encoder's "function reserves," aiding in preventive maintenance and troubleshooting.
  • Error Messages: Active when a malfunction might lead to incorrect position values. Causes (e.g., light unit failure, low signal amplitude, supply voltage issues) are saved in the encoder's "operating status" memory. A second, independently acquired error message (inverted value) is transmitted for security.
  • Warnings (WRN): Indicate when tolerance limits (e.g., rotational speed, light source control reserve) have been reached or exceeded, without necessarily implying an incorrect position value. This function helps issue preventive warnings to minimize idle time.
  • Online Diagnostics: Encoders with purely serial interfaces (EnDat 2.2) can cyclically output valuation numbers, which provide the current state of the encoder and its "function reserves." These numbers have identical scaling across HEIDENHAIN encoders for integrated evaluation.
  • Test Values: Available for inspection purposes and service diagnostics.
  • Temperature Monitoring: Transmission of temperature from integrated internal or external sensors allows for monitoring and setting warning thresholds.
  • Encoder Parameter Readout: Parameters stored in the encoder's memory areas (encoder manufacturer, OEM, operating parameters, operating status) can be read out to ensure correct settings, especially after encoder exchange.
  • Write Protection: The customer can write-protect OEM parameters and operating parameters (e.g., datum shift) to prevent unintended changes.

HEIDENHAIN EnDat 2.2 Specifications

General IconGeneral
BrandHEIDENHAIN
ModelEnDat 2.2
CategoryRecording Equipment
LanguageEnglish