This document is an operation manual for the Huanghai Jinma YL254Y gardening wheel tractor, a new type of small gardening tractor designed for various home gardening operations.
Function Description
The Jinma YL254Y tractor is a versatile machine powered by a Perkins 403J-11 engine. It features a single-stage clutch, static hydraulic variable speed transmission, and middle and rear power output. It is a four-wheel drive type, equipped with good adhesion, low-pressure, and wide-width driving tires. The tractor also includes a relatively complete hydraulic suspension system, making it suitable for operations such as mowing, rotary tillage, and spraying. Its design emphasizes appropriate power, large traction, compact structure, high transmission efficiency, light operation, simple maintenance, convenient supporting implements, economic use, and good comprehensive utilization performance.
The tractor's controls include a combination instrument (water temperature gauge, oil pressure gauge, tachometer, oil gauge, voltmeter), knob switches for lights and horn, a steering wheel, clutch pedal, differential lock pedal, power output joystick, high and low gear joystick, handbrake joystick, hand throttle joystick, rocker switches for emergency warning and rear work light, and start/preheat switches. It also has left and right brake pedals (which can be interlocked for emergency stops or separated for one-side steering), forward and reverse pedals for speed control, a front drive axle joystick for engaging four-wheel drive, and an output valve control handle for agricultural implements. The lifter joystick controls the raising and lowering of agricultural implements.
Important Technical Specifications
General Parameters:
- Type: YL254Y
- Engine Model: Perkins 403J-11
- Drive Type: 4x4 (four-wheel drive)
- Inlet Type: Inhale naturally
- Number of cylinders x bore x stroke: 3x77x81 mm
- Displacement: 1.131 L
- Rated Power: 18.4 kW
- Rated Speed: 2800 r/min
- Max Torque/Speed: 66.9 Nm/2100 r/min
- Variable Load Average Fuel Consumption Rate: <365 g/Kw.h
- Max No-load Speed: ≤3000 r/min
- Emission Requirements: EPA/Europe V
- Stable Idling Speed: 1000 r/min
- Intake Resistance: <3.0 kPa
- Exhaust Back Pressure: <10.2 kPa
- Traction Power Rate: ≥11.04 kW
- Largest Traction: ≥7.5 kN
- PTO Shaft Power (factory specified value): 14.8 kW
- Max Lifting Force: ≥3.4 kN
- Dimensions (Length x Width x Height): 3213 (2885 without three-point suspension) x 1293 x 2290 mm
- Wheelbase: 1606 mm
- Wheeltrack (Front/Rear): 1010 mm / 1000 mm
- Mini Ground Clearance: 300 mm
- Turning Radius: 3.50 m
- Structure Quality: 1080 kg
- Mini Use Quality: 1267 kg
- Quality Distribution (Front/Rear): 572 kg / 695 kg
- Counterweight (Front/Rear): 48 kg / 0 kg
Transmission System:
- Clutch: Single plate dry friction type
- Gearbox: HST two-speed auxiliary transmission
- Central Transmission: A pair of spiral bevel gears
- Differential: Two planetary gears closed
- Differential Lock: Dental Inlay
- Final Transmission: Single-stage spur gear external type
- Front Drive Axle: Fully enclosed bevel gear type
Travelling, Steering, Braking:
- Frame Type: No frame
- Front Drive Axle Type: Integral axle housing of bevel gear reducer
- Tire Type:
- Front wheel: Grass tire: 26x7.5-12 or Agricultural tires: 6.0-12
- Rear wheel: Grass tire: 11.2-20 or Agricultural tires: 11.2-20
- Tire Pressure (Front wheel): 120~160 kPa
- Tire Pressure (Rear wheel): 80~120 kPa
- Toe-in: 4~8 mm
- Front Wheel Camber: 3.5°
- Main Pin Inclination: 7.5°
- Caster Angle: 0°
- Front Axle Swing Angle: 10°
- Steering Angle: 45°
- Steering Type: Hydraulic steering (Model: 109R-1-50-08-D-YT)
- Steering Pressure: 8±0.5 MPa
- Steering Flow: 50 L/min
- Service Brake: Double pedal disc brake
- Parking Brake: Hand control
Working Equipment:
- Lifter Type: Semi-divided positioned Type
- Way to Control: Resistance control, position control
- Safety Valve Pressure: 16±0.5 MPa
- Suspension Mechanism: Rear three-point suspension
- PTO Position: Rear, Center
- PTO Type: Dependent
- PTO Rotating Speed: 540/1000 r/min (Rear), 2000 r/min (Center)
- PTO Rotation: Clockwise (Face to the forwarding direction) for Rear, Counterclockwise (Face to the forwarding direction) for Center
- PTO Shaft Extension: 6 teeth φ35 rectangular spline (Rear), 11 tooth involute spline (Center)
Perfusion Capacity:
- Fuel: 20.0 L
- Engine Sump Capacity: 4.0 L
- Gearbox-Rear Axle Lubrication Oil: 18.8 L
- Cooling Water: 5.0 L
- Front Drive Axle Capacity: 5.0 L
Electrical Components:
- Electrical System: 12V, Negative ground
- Battery: C603-80Ah, Maintenance-free
- Combination Instrument: 164Y.48.042
- Headlamp: C201-025/026
- Rear Tail Light: C207-004
- Horn: C502-015
- Front Position Light: C202-007
- Working Light: C203-012
- Central Electrical Box: C703-006
- Seven-hole Socket: C604-014
- Ignition Switch: C402-0041
- Relay: C502-001
- Fuel Sensor: C302-025
- Gravity Switch: 250.48.361
- Main Power Switch: C402-031
Usage Features
The tractor is designed for ease of operation and versatility. It offers a wide speed range to accommodate various agricultural implements and operations.
- Speed Control: HST continuously variable speed with low-speed (0-8.2 km/h) and high-speed (0-20.0 km/h) sections for forward and reverse.
- Recommended Working Speeds:
- Mowing, rotary tillage: 0-6 km/h
- Field and road transportation: 16-20 km/h
- Connecting farm implements (reverse): 0-4 km/h
- Fast idle driving and reversing: 5-16 km/h
- Differential Lock: Useful for challenging conditions like mud or slipping wheels, but strictly forbidden during normal driving and turning to prevent damage and ensure safety.
- Four-Wheel Drive: Engaged via a joystick for heavy loads or soft soil, but not recommended for hard roads to prevent tire wear.
- Hydraulic Suspension System: Allows for position and height adjustment of implements, as well as control over descending speed. Proper adjustment of pull rods is crucial for consistent tillage depth and width.
- Safety Features: Equipped with a safety frame to protect the operator in case of rollover. Seat belts must be worn when the safety frame is in the upright position. The safety frame can be folded for low-clearance storage but must be lifted for operation.
Maintenance Features
The manual outlines a comprehensive maintenance schedule to ensure optimal performance and longevity.
- Routine Maintenance: Daily checks include cleaning, tightening bolts and nuts, checking fluid levels (oil sump, water tank, fuel tank, lifter), inspecting for leaks, checking tire pressure, adding grease, and verifying lights, horns, and meters.
- Scheduled Technical Maintenance (based on working hours):
- Shift Technical Maintenance: After each shift or 10-12 hours of work.
- Level 1 Technical Maintenance: Every 50 hours, includes shift maintenance, cleaning air filter, replacing oil in oil sump, checking fan belt tension, adjusting clutch and brake pedal free stroke, checking transmission case and front drive axle oil levels, and checking battery electrolyte.
- Level 2 Technical Maintenance: Every 250 hours, includes first-level maintenance, replacing engine oil, cleaning oil sump and sucking disc, and oil filter.
- Level 3 Technical Maintenance: Every 500 hours, includes second-class maintenance, checking and adjusting valve clearance, injector pressure, flushing fuel tank and filter, flushing transmission box and replacing lubricating oil, flushing hydraulic lifter filter and cleanliness of oil, checking and adjusting front wheels toe-in, checking free travel of steering wheel, checking oil level in redirector, rinsing and wiping battery, and checking electrolyte density.
- Level 4 Technical Maintenance: Every 1000 hours, includes third-class maintenance, disassembling generator and starter, cleaning grease, cleaning carbon from exhaust manifold and muffler, immersing release bearing of clutch in dissolved high-temperature grease, and checking and adjusting gear backlash and contact mark of central drive bevel gear.
- Winter Technical Maintenance: For operations below 5°C, specific guidelines include warming up the engine, using appropriate fuel and lubricating oil for the season, and parking in an insulated hangar.
- Long-Term Storage Maintenance: Thorough inspection, parking in a dry hangar (or covered with tarp if outdoors), supporting wheels off the ground, cleaning, refilling lubricating grease, removing and charging the battery separately, covering exhaust manifold outlet, and starting the engine every three months for 20 minutes at various speeds.
- Fuel and Lubrication: Strict adherence to specified fuel and lubrication oil types based on ambient temperature. Emphasis on using clean fuel, regular filter replacement, and proper disposal of waste oil.
- Coolant: Antifreeze liquid is recommended to prevent scale. Regular checks for coolant level and radiator cleanliness are essential. Caution against opening the hot water tank cover due to scalding risk.
- Clutch and Brake Adjustment: Regular checks and adjustments of clutch free travel, working travel, and safety start switch. Brake adjustments are crucial for safety, addressing issues like excessive free travel, semi-brake state, or inconsistent braking force.
- Hydraulic Steering Maintenance: Oil changes after 3000km initially, then every 20,000km. Regular inspection of connecting parts and oil levels. Professional disassembly and adjustment are recommended for steering gear issues.
- Air Intake and Exhaust System: Regular cleaning of the dry paper air filter and removal of dust from the muffler to maintain engine efficiency.
- Battery Maintenance: Maintenance-free battery, but regular charging, cleaning terminals, and checking charging state (densitometer) are important. Proper disposal of old batteries and electrolyte is emphasized.
- Generator Maintenance: Regular checks of mounting bolts, wire insulation, and V-belt tension. Maintenance every 1000 hours.
- Troubleshooting: The manual provides detailed tables for identifying common faults in the diesel engine, transmission system, brake, steering and walking system, hydraulic suspension system, and electrical system, along with corresponding troubleshooting methods.
The manual stresses the importance of reading and understanding the instructions, adhering to safety precautions, and using genuine spare parts to ensure the tractor's optimal performance, safety, and warranty validity. Unauthorized modifications are prohibited.
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