The provided document is a user manual for the MedVision LEONARDO HF Adult Patient Simulator (Simulator PS.A.HF). This advanced simulator is designed for professional medical training, offering realistic vital signs, tactile feedback, and a comprehensive range of features to simulate various patient conditions and medical procedures.
Function Description
The MedVision LEONARDO HF Adult Patient Simulator is a high-fidelity human patient simulator of a male adult. Its primary function is to provide a realistic and interactive training environment for medical professionals, allowing them to practice and master a wide array of clinical skills, from basic patient assessment to complex emergency interventions. The simulator aims to replicate human physiology and anatomy as accurately as possible, offering a visually and anatomically correct structure.
Key simulation capabilities include:
- Vital Signs and Physiological Responses: The simulator can display and respond to changes in vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation. It features a cardiovascular system computer model that automatically calculates dependent variables in response to changes in patient condition (e.g., bleeding, intravenous infusion).
- Respiratory System Simulation: It includes independent right and left lungs, allowing for realistic breathing sounds and chest rise during ventilation. It can simulate spontaneous breathing with automatically controlled respiratory volume and rate, maintaining eucapnia and normal oxygen saturation. The airway is designed based on CT scan data of real patients, enabling imitation of difficult airways for intubation and tongue edema.
- Auscultation and Palpation: The simulator allows for auscultation of heart, lung, and bowel sounds, both anterior and posterior. Breathing sounds are unilaterally configurable. It also supports imitation of bilateral pulse palpation on various arteries (carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis), with pulse activation upon palpation. Heart auscultation is performed at five specific points (aortic, pulmonary, tricuspidal, mitral, and secondary aortic areas).
- Neurological Features: Programmable blinking and automatic pupillary light response reflect the patient's state of consciousness. It can also simulate tonic and clonic convulsions, head tilt angle control, jaw thrust control, automated touch-induced pupillary response, and the Aschner reflex.
- Secretion Simulation: The simulator can imitate sweat on the forehead (diaphoresis), tears, discharge from ears and mouth, urine, and bleeding. Secretion configuration is available to indicate symptoms of various pre-set diseases.
- Injections: It supports simulation of intravenous (IV) injections through a special catheter imitator module in the right arm, with automatic drug and dose recognition. Intraosseous (IO) injections are simulated through a module in the left leg knee, using a real needle and replaceable silicone skin at the injection site.
- CPR and Defibrillation: The simulator provides detailed assessment of CPR performance, including compression depth, rate, hand positioning, decompression, ventilation volume and frequency, defibrillator discharge, and pad position. It integrates with a customized defibrillator/ECG unit for ECG printing and defibrillation.
- Bedside Monitor: A true-to-life bedside monitor allows setting graphs, scales, and alarms, displaying ECG, drug administration imitation, and test results.
- Speech and Sounds: The simulator can produce sounds mimicking cough, cry, and normal breathing. It also offers speech imitation with pre-recorded sounds ("yes," "no," certain words) and the ability to download and playback personalized sounds.
- Anatomical Mobility: The neck, arms, and legs have realistic mobility in all their joints, including finger bones, ulna bone, palpable ribs, shoulder blades, pelvic bones, and mobile kneecaps. The lumbar region is bendable and flexible.
- Trauma Modules: Optional "wounded" arm and leg modules can be attached to support modular training for trauma scenarios.
Important Technical Specifications
While specific numerical technical specifications are not extensively detailed in the provided excerpts, the manual highlights several key aspects:
- Power: The simulator, smartscope, and defibrillator/ECG unit are charged via a 220 V power outlet.
- Battery Life:
- Simulator: Up to 4 hours running time.
- Smartscope: 5 hours running time, up to 8 hours in standby mode.
- Defibrillator/ECG unit: 8 hours running time.
- Charging Time:
- Simulator: Up to 6 hours for a full charge.
- Smartscope: Up to 3 hours for a full charge.
- Defibrillator/ECG unit: Up to 3 hours for a full charge.
- Connectivity: The system relies on Wi-Fi for communication between the simulator, instructor's tablet, and all-in-one PC (bedside monitor). ECG electrodes and SpO2 probes connect to the Defibrillator/ECG unit.
- Secretion Fluid Volume: The optimal volume for urine, tear, saliva, and sweat tank is 0.6 liters, using distilled water only.
- Electronic Components Life:
- Simulator: 8 years.
- Battery: 10 years.
- Charger: 10 years.
- Tablet: 5 years.
Usage Features
The simulator is operated via an instructor's tablet running the "Simulation Center" software.
- Scenario Constructor: This software allows instructors to create new training scenarios or edit existing ones. Scenarios can be automated, manual, or theme-based, with configurable patient types (adult, junior, baby). Instructors can define patient states, vital signs, and triggers for transitions between states.
- Exercise Modes:
- Automated Scenarios: Feature pre-installed, invariable sequences of actions and vital signs.
- Manual Mode and Themes: Offer flexible control, allowing instructors to manage and control the exercise without a fixed sequence of actions or vital signs.
- Instructor Interface: The instructor's tablet provides a comprehensive control bar for exercise management (start, pause, stop, restart), microphone for two-way communication, and access to various patient settings (vital signs, auscultation sounds, neurological responses, etc.).
- Patient State Settings: Instructors can adjust parameters like heart rate, EtCO2, systolic/diastolic pressure, and select additional parameters for display on graphs.
- ECG Rhythm Editing: Allows selection and editing of various ECG rhythm types (e.g., Sinus rhythm, Asystole, Ventricular Fibrillation) to simulate different cardiac conditions.
- Action Log and Debriefing: The system automatically records student actions, and instructors can add notes and comments. A debriefing section provides detailed statistics on completed exercises, including CPR performance data (compressions, ventilation, defibrillation) and a video recording (if an external USB camera is connected).
- Authentication: Access to the instructor software requires a username and password. The interface language can be changed.
Maintenance Features
Proper maintenance is crucial for the longevity and functionality of the simulator.
- Cleaning:
- Use wet wipes for gentle dirt removal.
- Prevent liquid leaks inside the simulator.
- Clean the monitor screen with a special cleaning cloth.
- Perform regular dry and wet cleaning of the facility housing the simulator.
- Fluid Management:
- Only use distilled water for the urine, tear, saliva, and sweat tank.
- Follow specific instructions for filling secretion fluid tanks and connecting/disconnecting hoses.
- Storage and Environment:
- Avoid placing the simulator near heating radiators.
- Turn off the power source if the simulator will not be used for some time.
- Cover the simulator with a cloth to prevent dust accumulation if stored for extended periods.
- Ensure the environment does not cause condensation on electronic and mechanical components.
- Transport: When transporting, the equipment should be positioned either lying on its back or seated with a forward bend (arm-chair).
- Lubrication: For invasive works involving penetration through body barriers, only use the spray (grease) supplied with the simulator or similar manufacturer-approved materials.
- Safety Precautions:
- Regularly inspect the simulator and power cable for damage.
- Immediately stop use and report any burning smell, smoke, or sparks.
- Do not spill liquids, submerge the simulator, or install it on wet surfaces.
- Do not dismantle the simulator.
- Ensure cables are not in walking areas to prevent hazards.
- Never place candles or open flames near the simulator.
- Troubleshooting: The manual includes a section on common malfunctions and their solutions, such as connection issues (Wi-Fi, IP), delayed graphics during CPR, and ECG display problems. It also provides instructions for contacting the service center for more complex issues, including necessary information to provide (model name, serial number, problem description, error screenshots, dxdiag.txt file).
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