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Metrotech 480B - User Manual

Metrotech 480B
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2
480B™
SERVICE CENTER, SALES AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT INFORMATION
Corporate Headquarters Metrotech Eastern U.S. Service Center Metrotech European Service Center
3251 Olcott Street 1824 Murfreesboro Road, Ste. 104 Seba KMT
Santa Clara, CA 95054 Nashville, TN 37217 Dr. Herbert Iann St. 6
800-446-3392 800-624-6210 96148 Baunach, Germany
408-734-1400 Direct 615-366-7323 Direct +49 9544 680
408-734-1415 Fax 615-360-9855 Fax +49 9544 2273 Fax
www.metrotech.com
nashville@metrotech.com service@sebakmt.com
sales@metrotech.com
Warranty: One year. Specifications Subject to change without notice, ISO 9001:2000 Certified. Copyright 2008. All Rights Reserved. Rev 12/18/07: B
OPERATIONS MANUAL
Pipe and Cable Locator
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Summary

1 Introduction

2 480 B Equipment

2.1 Standard Equipment

Lists the essential components included with the 480B Pipe and Cable Locator.

2.2 Optional Equipment

Lists optional accessories that can enhance the functionality of the 480B system.

2.3 Specifications

Details the technical specifications for the 480B Transmitter and Receiver.

2.4 Transmitter Controls and Indicators

Explains the functions of each control and indicator on the 480B Transmitter.

2.5 Receiver Controls and Indicators

Details the functions of each control and indicator on the 480B Receiver.

3 Checkout Procedure

4 Operation Modes

4.1 Direct (Conductive) Connection

Explains how to apply the signal using a direct metallic connection to the target conductor.

4.2 Inductive Coupling with Metroclamp

Details using the 4820 Metroclamp to induce a signal onto a conductor when direct contact isn't possible.

4.3 Inductive (Indirect) Method

Explains signal induction using the transmitter's antenna without direct connection or clamp.

4.4 50;60 Hz Power Line Locating

Describes how to locate energized 50/60Hz power lines passively by tracing current.

4.5 Estimating Conductor Depth

Provides a procedure for estimating the depth of a buried conductor using triangulation.

4.6 Using 4810 Probe for Pinpointing & Depth

Explains using the 4810 Probe for accurate conductor pinpointing and depth estimation.

4.7 Carrying Handle for Blind Searches

Details using the carrying handle for specific search types like blind searches, ground surveys, and metal mass location.

4.8 Conductor Identification with Second Metroclamp

Describes how to identify a specific conductor among multiple ones using a second Metroclamp.

4.9 Marking the Conductor

Lists APWA color markings for different types of underground conductors.

5 Tracing Factors and Helpful Information

5.1 Soil Conditions Impact

Explains how different soil types affect line tracing accuracy and performance.

5.2 Field Strength Signal Interpretation

Discusses how signal strength varies and its importance for accurate tracing.

5.3 Verifying vs. Tracing Conductors

Differentiates between confirming a conductor's presence and mapping its path.

5.4 Adjacent Conductor Interference

Addresses interference from nearby conductors and methods to manage it.

5.5 Locating Deep Buried Conductors

Explains challenges and methods for locating deep buried conductors effectively.

5.6 Tracing Long Runs Tips

Provides practical tips for tracing long pipelines or cables with the 480B.

5.7 Locating Service Laterals

Details how to locate service laterals branching off a main utility line.

5.8 Identifying Bends or Dead Ends

Describes how to identify bends or dead ends in a traced utility line.

5.9 Identifying Underground Structures

Explains how to identify common underground structures by signal changes.

5.10 Common Bonded Conductor Issues

Addresses challenges when multiple conductors share a common ground bond.

5.11 Managing Congested Areas

Provides methods to reduce interference in areas with many overlapping conductors.

5.12 Pipes with Insulated Junctions

Discusses signal behavior and methods for bypassing pipe insulators.

5.13 Metroclamp Ground Requirements

Outlines grounding needs when using the Metroclamp for signal induction.

5.14 Grounding Safety Precautions

Provides essential safety guidelines related to grounding procedures.

5.15 Distribution System Locating

Gives guidance on locating short gas services within utility distribution systems.

6 Maintenance

6.1 Battery Checking and Replacement

Details the process for testing and replacing batteries in the transmitter and receiver.

6.2 Basic Preventive Maintenance

Offers general advice for keeping the 480B equipment in good operational condition.

Summary

1 Introduction

2 480 B Equipment

2.1 Standard Equipment

Lists the essential components included with the 480B Pipe and Cable Locator.

2.2 Optional Equipment

Lists optional accessories that can enhance the functionality of the 480B system.

2.3 Specifications

Details the technical specifications for the 480B Transmitter and Receiver.

2.4 Transmitter Controls and Indicators

Explains the functions of each control and indicator on the 480B Transmitter.

2.5 Receiver Controls and Indicators

Details the functions of each control and indicator on the 480B Receiver.

3 Checkout Procedure

4 Operation Modes

4.1 Direct (Conductive) Connection

Explains how to apply the signal using a direct metallic connection to the target conductor.

4.2 Inductive Coupling with Metroclamp

Details using the 4820 Metroclamp to induce a signal onto a conductor when direct contact isn't possible.

4.3 Inductive (Indirect) Method

Explains signal induction using the transmitter's antenna without direct connection or clamp.

4.4 50;60 Hz Power Line Locating

Describes how to locate energized 50/60Hz power lines passively by tracing current.

4.5 Estimating Conductor Depth

Provides a procedure for estimating the depth of a buried conductor using triangulation.

4.6 Using 4810 Probe for Pinpointing & Depth

Explains using the 4810 Probe for accurate conductor pinpointing and depth estimation.

4.7 Carrying Handle for Blind Searches

Details using the carrying handle for specific search types like blind searches, ground surveys, and metal mass location.

4.8 Conductor Identification with Second Metroclamp

Describes how to identify a specific conductor among multiple ones using a second Metroclamp.

4.9 Marking the Conductor

Lists APWA color markings for different types of underground conductors.

5 Tracing Factors and Helpful Information

5.1 Soil Conditions Impact

Explains how different soil types affect line tracing accuracy and performance.

5.2 Field Strength Signal Interpretation

Discusses how signal strength varies and its importance for accurate tracing.

5.3 Verifying vs. Tracing Conductors

Differentiates between confirming a conductor's presence and mapping its path.

5.4 Adjacent Conductor Interference

Addresses interference from nearby conductors and methods to manage it.

5.5 Locating Deep Buried Conductors

Explains challenges and methods for locating deep buried conductors effectively.

5.6 Tracing Long Runs Tips

Provides practical tips for tracing long pipelines or cables with the 480B.

5.7 Locating Service Laterals

Details how to locate service laterals branching off a main utility line.

5.8 Identifying Bends or Dead Ends

Describes how to identify bends or dead ends in a traced utility line.

5.9 Identifying Underground Structures

Explains how to identify common underground structures by signal changes.

5.10 Common Bonded Conductor Issues

Addresses challenges when multiple conductors share a common ground bond.

5.11 Managing Congested Areas

Provides methods to reduce interference in areas with many overlapping conductors.

5.12 Pipes with Insulated Junctions

Discusses signal behavior and methods for bypassing pipe insulators.

5.13 Metroclamp Ground Requirements

Outlines grounding needs when using the Metroclamp for signal induction.

5.14 Grounding Safety Precautions

Provides essential safety guidelines related to grounding procedures.

5.15 Distribution System Locating

Gives guidance on locating short gas services within utility distribution systems.

6 Maintenance

6.1 Battery Checking and Replacement

Details the process for testing and replacing batteries in the transmitter and receiver.

6.2 Basic Preventive Maintenance

Offers general advice for keeping the 480B equipment in good operational condition.

Overview

The Metrotech Model 480B Pipe and Cable Locator is a versatile instrument designed for locating and tracing the path of pipes and cables, detecting energizing 60Hz power lines, and, when mounted on an optional carrying handle, conducting blind searches, ground surveys, and locating underground metal masses. Depth measurement is achieved using the triangulation method. The 480B features a split-box design, with half serving as the Transmitter and the other half as the Receiver.

The Transmitter generates a signal that is applied to the conductor to be traced. This signal travels along the conductor, becoming weaker as it moves farther from the Transmitter. The distance the signal travels before becoming too weak to be detected depends on the connection method, conductor type, surrounding soil, and conductor depth. When the Receiver is positioned over the target conductor, it detects the signal, allowing the operator to trace the path of the pipe or cable. The signal strength reading on the meter and the audio tone guide the operator to the conductor's path. As with all electromagnetic locating systems, this unit is designed to locate metallic conductors only.

Important Technical Specifications:

480B Transmitter:

  • Nominal Output Power:
    • Inductive Mode: 100mW avg. (6.2V p-p across loop)
    • Conductive Mode: 125mW avg. (65V p-p across 2.7K ohms)
  • Output Frequency: 83kHz CW
  • Battery Type: Six size C Alkaline Cells
  • Battery Life: 400 hours, avg.
  • Dimensions: 11.63"L x 9"H x 3.13"D (29.5cm x 23 cm x 8 cm)
  • Weight: 3.5 lb. (1.6 kg)

480B Receiver:

  • Active Operating Mode:
    • Nominal Sensitivity at loop for 50% meter deflection:
      • Lo Range: 30 microvolts p-p
      • Hi Range: 2 microvolts p-p
    • Sensitivity at AUX INPUT:
      • Increase Over Loop: 20% with 4810 Inductive Probe, 375% with 4820 Metroclamp
  • 50/60 Power Line Locating Mode:
    • Frequency: 50/60Hz
    • Antenna Mode: Peak responding gradiometer
    • Sensitivity: @3 ft. for 50% meter deflection
      • Normal: 500ma
      • Hi: 45ma
  • Battery Type: Six size C Alkaline Cells
  • Battery Life: 250 hrs average
  • Headphone Impedance: 2K ohms (usable at 100 ohms and up)
  • Dimensions: 11.63"L x 9"H x 3.13"D (29.5 cm x 23 cm x 8 cm)
  • Weight: 4.5 lb. (1.9 kg)

Both Transmitter and Receiver:

  • Operation Temperature: 4° F to 122° F (-20°C to + 50°C)
  • Shipping Weight: 14 lb. (6 kg)
  • Shipping Dimensions: 19"L x 14"H x 9.5"D (48 cm x 35.6 cm x 24 cm)
  • Modes of Operation: Direct Connection, Inductive Coupling, Inductive (Indirect)

Usage Features:

The 480B Pipe and Cable Locator offers three methods for applying the signal to the conductor: Direct Connection, Inductive Coupling, and Inductive (Indirect Method). Additionally, there are two methods – PEAK and NULL – for locating the conductor.

  • Direct (Conductive) Connection: This is the preferred mode, connecting the Transmitter directly to a metallic part of the conductor (e.g., hydrant, meter, riser, valves, sheath, tracer wire) for a strong maximum signal. The Receiver can be closer to the Transmitter, reducing interference from adjacent buried conductors.
    • Safety Warning: Never make a direct connection to a live power cable. Always use a voltmeter to check for active electrical power and ensure power is turned off before direct connection. Live secondary power can be located safely using an Inductive clamp.
  • Inductive Coupling with the 4820 Metroclamp: Used when direct connection is not possible but a Metroclamp can be positioned around the conductor. The 4820 Metroclamp induces a signal onto the conductor. The conductor must be well grounded (e.g., with sheaths and neutrals). Insulators should be bypassed with a jumper cable.
  • Inductive (Indirect Method): Used when direct connection or Metroclamp use is not possible. The Transmitter's internal antenna induces a signal onto the conductor through electromagnetic induction. This is the least preferred method due to signal broadcast through soil and air, which can be picked up by other conductors.
    • Safety Warning: Do not operate the Transmitter in Inductive Mode while it is resting on or near a metal surface or large metal object, as this can result in incorrect test readings and damage to the transmitter.
  • PEAK Method: Provides a maximum (loud tone) signal. The Receiver is held vertically and moved side-to-side; audio tone and field strength increase as the conductor is approached. This method is generally used for pre-locating and following the path of a line, allowing sensitivity to be kept to a minimum to prevent bleed-off onto nearby lines.
  • NULL Method: Used for more accurate pinpointing of the conductor's centerline. The Receiver is held in a flat, horizontal position; the audio tone increases and then goes silent at the exact location of the conductor. This method is crucial for accurate depth determination.
    • Important: Do not hold the Receiver at an angle, as this will result in incorrect information.
  • 50/60Hz Power Line Locating: The Transmitter is not required for this passive locating method. The 480B Receiver tracks the path of the 50/60Hz current coming off a loaded power line, providing a maximum (loud tone) signal. The Receiver is held vertically at right angles to the line for maximum signal.
  • Estimating Depth of a Conductor: After finding the exact location using the NULL method, the Receiver is tilted to 45 degrees (aligning the bubble) and moved to the side of the conductor. The distance between this second spot and the true location, less the distance between the center of the Receiver and the ground, equals the depth.
  • Using the 4810 Probe for Pinpointing and Depth Estimation: The optional 4810 Inductive Probe provides a sharper Receiver response than the standard antenna, offering greater accuracy, especially near adjacent conductors. It works only in the NULL method and is easily held close to the ground.
  • Using the Carrying Handle for Blind Searching, Ground Surveys, and Metal Mass Location: The 480B Transmitter and Receiver can be mounted on an optional carrying handle (Part# 200766) for blind searches, ground surveys, or locating underground metal masses. The handle positions the Receiver and Transmitter in the correct relation to each other.
  • Conductor Identification Using a Second 4820 Metroclamp: When multiple exposed conductors are present (e.g., in conduits, ducts, or pedestals), a second Metroclamp can be plugged into the AUX INPUT on the Receiver. Placing the Metroclamp around each conductor in succession, the one with the highest field strength indicates the target conductor. This method works only if there is no cross bonding on the length of the conductor between the conductor and the receiver.

Maintenance Features:

The Model 480B is designed for rugged outdoor use, but rough handling should be avoided. Keeping the equipment dry, clean, and free of grit is recommended.

  • Battery Check and Replacement: The only routine maintenance required is to test and replace the batteries in the Transmitter and Receiver. Both units have battery test features.
    • Transmitter Battery Test: Pull the power switch on. The LED will blink steadily if batteries are good; it will slow down as power decreases and stop blinking when batteries need replacement.
    • Receiver Battery Test: Turn the Range Knob to "NORM". The needle on the field strength indicator should move into the BATT test area. If not, batteries need replacement.
    • Replacement: Open the BATTERY ACCESS door on the front of the unit, extract the battery holder, and replace the six C Cell batteries according to the indications inside the holder. Ensure no wires are caught when closing the access panel.
  • Automatic Shut-off: The 480B Receiver features a 30-minute automatic shut-off to prevent accidental battery drain. A beep will sound to alert the operator before shut-off. To reactivate, turn the RANGE KNOB back to "OFF" and then to "NORM" or "HIGH".

Warranty:

Metrotech warrants its equipment to be free from defects in workmanship and material under normal and proper use and service for one year from the date of purchase by the original user. The warranty does not cover equipment altered or repaired by non-Metrotech approved procedures, misuse, misapplication, improper maintenance, negligence, accident, or if the serial number is altered/removed. Batteries, fuses, and lamps are excluded. Defective products under warranty will be repaired or replaced free of charge at a Metrotech Corporation factory or approved repair station. The equipment should be returned by prepaid transportation after obtaining a return authorization. Metrotech's obligations are limited to repair or replacement of broken or defective parts or, at its option, a refund of the purchase price. Metrotech assumes no liability for removal or installation costs, consequential damages, or contingent expenses.

Metrotech 480B Specifications

General IconGeneral
BrandMetrotech
Model480B
CategorySecurity Sensors
LanguageEnglish

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