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D107388#1
Principles of the electric motor
How does an electric motor function
Look at the diagram below
Note:
The same magnetic poles push against each other. Unlike attract each other.
As the two permanent magnets here are always attracting each other –they can be switched on & off with an electro
magnet. The plus pole and the minus pole are then changed over. The North becomes a South pole and the South
pole a North pole and so on
The iron core increases the magnetic power of the coil.
When a current flows through the coil the core becomes magnetic. Its pole is pulled by the permanent magnet . As
the collector turns each end of the coil touches a different contact. Because the coil receives current in different di-
rections so the poles of the coil change. The iron core is pushed and pulled by the permanent magnets causing it to
turn
Schematic diagram of the collector
A schematic diagram of how the motor coil turns and the wire ends in the 1mm holes
wire ends
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