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QHYCCD QHY268PRO M - User Manual

QHYCCD QHY268PRO M
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Overview
QHY268 Pro M has SONY IMX571 APS-C format CMOS sensor inside. 26mega pixels, Back-illuminated, native 16BIT ADC. QE
is up to 91% and readout noise is as low as 1.1e Even with a 3.76um pixel size, it has a big full-well up to 75ke. It has extremely
low thermal noise 0.0005e/pixel/sec @ -20C, ZERO amplifier-glow performance, It has a maximum frame rate of
6.8FPS@16bit full resolution.
QHY268PRO-M has only monochrome version. QHYCCD also supplies its liquid-cooling version, which is a customized type
and needs to be pre-ordered).
Native 16 bit A/D: The new Sony sensor has native 16-bit A/D on-chip. The output is real 16-bits with 65536 levels.
Compared to 12-bit and 14-bit A/D, a 16-bit A/D yields higher sample resolution and the system gain will be less than 1e-
/ADU with no sample error noise and very low read noise.
BSI: One benefit of the back-illuminated CMOS structure is improved full well capacity. This is particularly helpful for sensors
with small pixels. In a typical front-illuminated sensor, photons from the target entering the photosensitive layer of the
sensor must first pass through the metal wiring that is embedded just above the photosensitive layer. The wiring structure
reflects some of the photons and reduces the efficiency of the sensor. In the back- illuminated sensor the light is allowed to
enter the photosensitive surface from the reverse side. In this case the sensor’s embedded wiring structure is below the
photosensitive layer. As a result, more incoming photons strike the photosensitive layer and more electrons are generated
and captured in the pixel well. This ratio of photon to electron production is called quantum efficiency. The higher the
quantum efficiency the more efficient the sensor is at converting photons to electrons and hence the more sensitive the
sensor is to capturing an image of something dim.
Zero Amplify Glow: This is also a zero amplifer glow camera.
TRUE RAW Data: In the DSLR implementation there is a RAW image output, but typically it is not completely RAW. Some
evidence of noise reduction and hot pixel removal is still visible on close inspection. This can have a negative effect on the
image for astronomy such as the “star eater” effect. However, QHY Cameras offer TRUE RAW IMAGE OUTPUT and produces
an image comprised of the original signal only, thereby maintaining the maximum flexibility for post-acquisition
astronomical image processing programs and other scientific imaging applications.
Anti-Dew Technology: Based on almost 20-year cooled camera design experience, The QHY cooled camera has implemented
the fully dew control solutions. The optic window has built-in dew heater and the chamber is protected from internal
humidity condensation. An electric heating board for the chamber window can prevent the formation of dew and the sensor
itself is kept dry with our silicon gel tube socket design for control of humidity within the sensor chamber.
Cooling: In addition to dual stage TE cooling, QHYCCD implements proprietary technology in hardware to control the dark
current noise.
Interfaces
2*10g
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Summary

Overview

Key Camera Features

Details on native 16-bit A/D, BSI technology, zero amplifier glow, TRUE RAW data, anti-dew, and advanced cooling.

Camera Connectivity and Interfaces

Fiber Interface Benefits

Highlights advantages like higher data rates (10Gbps) and significantly longer transfer distances compared to USB3.0.

USB3.0 and GPIO Ports

Describes the user-friendly USB3.0 interface and the versatile GPIO socket for custom configurations.

Cooling and Readout Modes

Cooling System Performance

Details on air and water cooling performance, specifying typical temperature reductions below ambient.

Readout Mode Descriptions

Explains Photographic, High Gain, and Extended Fullwell modes and their characteristics.

Sensor Performance Analysis

Dark Current and QE Curves

Presents dark current vs. temperature data and quantum efficiency curves for monochrome and color sensors.

User Guide: Getting Started

All-In-One Pack Installation

Details the installation process for the driver, SDK, and software package for Windows.

Input Voltage Requirements

Specifies the required input voltage range (11V-13.8V) and considerations for power cables.

Initial Camera Connection

Guides users on connecting the camera to the computer via USB3.0 after power connection.

Software Operation: EZCAP_QT and SharpCap

EZCAP_QT Features

Covers overview, camera connection, and temperature control functionalities.

SharpCap Basic Usage

Instructions for launching SharpCap and initial camera connection.

SharpCap Software Usage

SharpCap Configuration and Features

Covers camera connection, offset adjustment, RAW16 mode, and thermal controls within SharpCap.

ASCOM Software Integration

ASCOM Software Integration

Explains using ASCOM drivers with compatible astronomy software packages for seamless operation.

Astronomy Software Integration

N.I.N.A. Connection Guide

Instructions for connecting N.I.N.A. software via ASCOM for astronomical imaging.

ASCOM Setup Example

Step-by-step guide for configuring ASCOM drivers and connecting to astronomy software like Maxim DL.

Software Configuration and Drivers

TE Cooler Temperature Setting

Instructions on how to use the TE cooler to set the desired camera temperature.

Broadcast WDM Driver Function

Describes the QHYCCD Broadcast WDM Camera driver for video streaming to other applications.

WDM Driver Installation

Steps for installing the Broadcast WDM Camera driver through the AllInOne package.

Software Installation and Setup

Additional Installation Tasks

Selecting optional components like drivers and SDKs during the AllInOne installation.

Enabling Live Broadcast

Activating the broadcast function, typically using SharpCap as the terminal software.

Third-Party Software Testing

Software Rendering Effects

Displays test results and rendering effects for common supporting software like AMcap, HANDYAVI, and UFOCAPTURE.

UFOCaptureHD2 and Tools

UFOCaptureHD2 Precautions

Notes on system requirements (Windows only) and SDK limitations (no 16-bit support).

Advanced Control Tools Download

Provides links to download Debug TOOL and Release TOOL for advanced control.

ERIS FRAMEWORK and GPIO Configuration

BD;GPS Mode and GPIO Settings

Details on configuring BD/GPS mode and GPIO port functions, including TrigOut and specific port assignments.

GPIO Port Modes Explained

MODE0: Generic GPIO Output

Configures all four GPIO ports for generic output, controllable via API.

MODE1: 6 PIN QHY-GPSBOX

Sets GPIO ports for GPSBOX communication, including clock, data, and shutter measure signals.

MODE2: 5 PIN TrigOut;TrigIn

Configures GPIOs for TrigOut, ShutterMeasure, TrigIn, and LinePeriod, with specific input/output assignments.

Advanced GPIO and Maintenance Procedures

GPIO Modes and Maintenance

Covers MODE3 GPIO configuration, overview of MODE4-6, and procedures for CMOS chamber drying and cleaning.

Chamber Care and UVLO Functionality

Fogging Prevention and TE Cooler Care

Tips to prevent CMOS chamber fogging and advice on TE cooler thermal shock avoidance.

Understanding UVLO Protection

Explains Under Voltage Locking, its warning execution, and its purpose in device protection.

Power Supply and UVLO Troubleshooting

Power Supply and UVLO Issues

Covers power supply improvement, clearing UVLO protection, and investigating UVLO warnings due to voltage drop.

UVLO Detection and Burst Mode Introduction

UVLO Detection and Burst Mode Details

Explains UVLO detection methods, Burst Mode functionality, and key usage notes.

Burst Mode API Functions

Burst Mode Control APIs

API functions for enabling Burst Mode, setting start/end frames, and managing IDLE status.

Burst Mode Data Handling APIs

APIs for DDR patching, frame counter reset, and image data display (OSD).

Sample Code Example

Burst Mode Sample Code

Demonstrates the sequence of API calls for Burst Mode operation, including DDR setup and frame capture.

Overview

QHY268 Pro M Camera

The QHY268 Pro M is a high-performance APS-C format CMOS camera featuring the Sony IMX571 sensor. It is designed for astronomical imaging and offers a range of advanced features for optimal performance.

Function Description

The QHY268 Pro M is a monochrome camera equipped with a back-illuminated 26-megapixel sensor. It boasts a native 16-bit ADC, providing 65536 levels of output for high sample resolution and low read noise. The back-illuminated structure enhances full well capacity, particularly beneficial for small pixels, by allowing light to enter the photosensitive surface from the reverse side, minimizing photon loss due to metal wiring. This design results in a high quantum efficiency of up to 91%, ensuring efficient conversion of photons to electrons and increased sensitivity for capturing faint objects. The camera also features zero amplifier glow, eliminating a common issue in astronomical imaging.

The camera supports multiple readout modes, each offering different performance characteristics. These modes are compatible with QHY ASCOM Camera Driver, SharpCAP software, and N.I.N.A software. The "Photographic Mode" is recommended for long exposures, allowing users to adjust gain for increased full well capacity. The "High Gain Mode" provides a switch point between LGC and HGC for optimal gain settings. The "Extended Fullwell Mode" offers improved full well values and system gain while reducing read noise.

For data transfer, the QHY268 Pro M offers both USB3.0 and a built-in 2*10Gbps fiber socket. The fiber interface provides significantly higher data rates (up to 1.6 GBytes/s with two fibers) and longer transfer distances (up to 40km) compared to USB3.0 (3-5 meters). It also ensures solid and stable data transfer, unaffected by electromagnetic interference (EMI), which can cause data packet errors and image loss with USB cables.

The camera includes a 6-pin GPIO socket on the backside, which can be configured for various modes or customized for complex timing requirements by reprogramming the FPGA.

Important Technical Specifications

  • Sensor: SONY IMX571 APS-C format CMOS
  • Effective Pixels: 26MP (6280x4210, including optically black and overscan areas)
  • Pixel Size: 3.76um x 3.76um
  • ADC: Native 16-bit (0-65535 greyscale)
  • QE: Up to 91%
  • Readout Noise: 1.1e- (High Gain), 3.5e- (Low Gain), 5.3e- to 7.4e- (Extended Full Well Mode)
  • Full Well Capacity: 51ke- (standard), 75ke- or above (extended full well mode)
  • Thermal Noise: 0.0005e/pixel/sec @ -20C, 0.001e/pixel/sec @ -10C
  • Frame Rate (Full Resolution): 6.8FPS@8BIT, 6FPS@16BIT
  • Exposure Time Range: 30us-3600sec
  • Cooling System: Two-stage TEC cooler (Air Cooling: Typical -30C below ambient for short exposure, -35C below ambient for long exposure; Water Cooling: Typical -45C below ambient for long exposure)
  • Computer Interface: USB3.0 and 2*10Gbps Fiber interface
  • Built-in Image Buffer: 2Gbyte DDR3 Memory
  • Optic Window: AR+AR High Quality Multi-Layer Anti-Reflection Coating
  • Back Focal Length: 14.5mm (QHY268M)

Usage Features

Installation and Software: The camera requires the "All-In-One" Pack (Driver, SDK, and Software) for Windows, available on the QHYCCD website. This pack includes the System Driver, WDM Broadcast Driver, EZCAP_QT (for device tests and updates), ASCOM drivers (for filter wheels), CP210X_VCP serial driver, SDKs for third-party software, and SharpCAP. It is crucial to install third-party capturing software before the All-in-one package.

Power Requirements: The camera operates on an input voltage between 11V and 13.8V. A 12V power supply is ideal, but users should ensure the cable has low impedance to prevent voltage drops, especially for long cables. The input voltage should not drop below 11.5V for normal operation.

Cooling Control: The camera's CMOS temperature can be controlled via software like EZCAP_QT or SharpCap. Users can set a target temperature (e.g., -10C) for automatic cooling or manually adjust the TEC power percentage. Gradual adjustment of TEC power is recommended to prevent thermal shock and extend the life of the TEC cooler.

Offset Adjustment: To improve image contrast and dark field quality, users can adjust the offset, particularly when completely blocking the camera (e.g., taking a dark frame).

16-bit Image Mode: The camera supports a "RAW16" mode for 16-bit image capture and an "LX" mode for expanding the exposure setting range for long exposures.

ASCOM Support: With ASCOM drivers, the QHY268 Pro M is compatible with various astronomical imaging software packages that support the ASCOM standard, such as Maxim DL and The SkyX.

Broadcast WDM Camera Driver: This driver enables the camera to function as a broadcast device, allowing video images to be sent to other WDM-supported software for online broadcast applications.

Burst Mode: The camera supports a Burst mode, a sub-mode of continuous mode, which allows the camera to output image data with a specified frame number. This feature is useful for capturing a series of frames efficiently.

UVLO Function: The camera incorporates an Under Voltage Locking (UVLO) function to protect electronic devices from damage due to abnormally low voltages. If the input voltage drops below 11V, the camera will issue a warning, automatically turn off the cooler, and enter TEC protection mode (limiting cooler power to 70%). This protection can be reset via EZCAP_QT once the power supply issue is resolved.

Maintenance Features

CMOS Chamber Drying: The camera's CMOS chamber has a hole for connecting a silica gel tube. If moisture causes the sensor glass to fog, users can connect a silica gel tube with desiccant to dry the chamber.

CMOS Sensor and Optical Window Cleaning: If dust accumulates on the CMOS sensor, the front plate of the camera can be unscrewed for cleaning. A cleaning kit for SLR camera sensors should be used. Caution is advised due to the AR (or AR/IR) coating on the CMOS sensor, which can scratch easily. Excessive force should be avoided when cleaning.

Preventing Fogging: To prevent condensation in the CMOS chamber, the QHY600 has a built-in heating plate. If fogging persists, users can try avoiding directing the camera downwards, increasing the CMOS sensor temperature slightly, or checking if the heating plate is functioning correctly (it should reach 65-70 °C at 25 °C ambient).

TEC Cooler Maintenance: To prolong the life of the TEC cooler, users should avoid thermal shock. This means gradually increasing and decreasing TEC power when starting or disconnecting the power supply, rather than abruptly turning it on or off at maximum power.

QHYCCD QHY268PRO M Specifications

General IconGeneral
BrandQHYCCD
ModelQHY268PRO M
CategoryDigital Camera
LanguageEnglish

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