PRINTED IN CHINA
16FSC (TINSEA150EHZZ)
B1094
INTRODUCTION
About the calculation examples (including some formulas and
tables), refer to the calculation examples sheet.
After reading this manual, store it in a convenient location for future
reference.
Note: Some of the models described in this manual may not be
available in some countries.
Operational Notes
s $ONOTCARRYTHECALCULATORAROUNDINYOURBACKPOCKETASITMAY
BREAKWHENYOUSITDOWN4HEDISPLAYISMADEOFGLASSANDIS
PARTICULARLYFRAGILE
s +EEPTHECALCULATORAWAYFROMEXTREMEHEATSUCHASONACAR
DASHBOARDORNEARAHEATERANDAVOIDEXPOSINGITTOEXCESSIVELY
humid or dusty environments.
s 3INCETHISPRODUCTISNOTWATERPROOFDONOTUSEITORSTOREITWHERE
mUIDSFOREXAMPLEWATERCANSPLASHONTOIT2AINDROPSWATERSPRAY
JUICECOFFEESTEAMPERSPIRATIONETCWILLALSOCAUSEMALFUNCTION
s #LEANWITHASOFTDRYCLOTH$ONOTUSESOLVENTSORAWETCLOTH!VOID
using a rough cloth or anything else that may cause scratches.
s $ONOTDROPITORAPPLYEXCESSIVEFORCE
s .EVERDISPOSEOFBATTERIESINAlRE
s +EEPBATTERIESOUTOFTHEREACHOFCHILDREN
s &ORTHESAKEOFYOURHEALTHTRYNOTTOUSETHISPRODUCTFORLONG
PERIODSOFTIME)FYOUNEEDTOUSETHEPRODUCTFORANEXTENDED
PERIODBESURETOALLOWYOUREYESHANDSARMSANDBODYADEQUATE
RESTPERIODSABOUTnMINUTESEVERYHOUR
)FYOUEXPERIENCEANYPAINORFATIGUEWHILEUSINGTHISPRODUCT
DISCONTINUEUSEIMMEDIATELY)FTHEDISCOMFORTCONTINUESPLEASE
consult a doctor.
s 4HISPRODUCTINCLUDINGACCESSORIESMAYCHANGEDUETOUPGRADING
WITHOUTPRIORNOTICE
NOTICE
s 3(!20STRONGLYRECOMMENDSTHATSEPARATEPERMANENTWRITTEN
RECORDSBEKEPTOFALLIMPORTANTDATA$ATAMAYBELOSTOR
ALTEREDINVIRTUALLYANYELECTRONICMEMORYPRODUCTUNDERCERTAIN
CIRCUMSTANCES4HEREFORE3(!20ASSUMESNORESPONSIBILITYFOR
DATALOSTOROTHERWISERENDEREDUNUSABLEWHETHERASARESULTOF
IMPROPERUSEREPAIRSDEFECTSBATTERYREPLACEMENTUSEAFTERTHE
SPECIlEDBATTERYLIFEHASEXPIREDORANYOTHERCAUSE
s 3(!20WILLNOTBELIABLENORRESPONSIBLEFORANYINCIDENTALOR
CONSEQUENTIALECONOMICORPROPERTYDAMAGECAUSEDBYMISUSE
ANDORMALFUNCTIONSOFTHISPRODUCTANDITSPERIPHERALSUNLESS
SUCHLIABILITYISACKNOWLEDGEDBYLAW
i0RESSTHE2%3%4SWITCHONTHEBACKWITHTHETIPOFABALLPOINT
PENORSIMILAROBJECTONLYINTHEFOLLOWINGCASESDo not use an
OBJECTWITHABREAKABLEORSHARPTIP.OTETHATPRESSINGTHE2%3%4
SWITCHERASESALLDATASTOREDINMEMORY
s 7HENUSINGFORTHElRSTTIME
s !FTERREPLACINGTHEBATTERY
s 4OCLEARALLMEMORYCONTENTS
s 7HENANABNORMALCONDITIONOCCURSANDALLKEYSAREINOPERATIVE
i
)FSERVICESHOULDBEREQUIREDONTHISCALCULATORHAVETHECALCULATOR
SERVICEDINTHEREGIONCOUNTRYWHEREYOUPURCHASEDIT
Hard Case
DISPLAY
Dot
MATRIX
DISPLAY
Mantissa
%XPONENT
s $URINGACTUALUSENOTALLSYMBOLSAREDISPLAYEDATTHESAMETIME
s /NLYTHESYMBOLSREQUIREDFORTHEUSAGECURRENTLYBEINGEXPLAINED
ARESHOWNINTHEDISPLAYANDCALCULATIONEXAMPLES
/
/
: Indicates that some contents are hidden in the directions
SHOWN
2ndF !PPEARSWHEN@ISPRESSEDINDICATINGTHATTHEFUNCTIONS
SHOWNINTHESAMECOLORAS@ are enabled.
HYP: Indicates that HHASBEENPRESSEDANDTHEHYPERBOLIC
functions are enabled. If @ >ISPRESSEDTHESYMBOLS
2ndF HYPAPPEARINDICATINGTHATINVERSEHYPERBOLIC
functions are enabled.
ALPHA !PPEARSWHEN;ISPRESSEDINDICATINGTHATTHEFUNCTIONS
SHOWNINTHESAMECOLORAS; are enabled.
!PPEARSWHENx or tISPRESSEDANDENTRYRECALL
OFMEMORYCONTENTSCANBEPERFORMED
FIX/SCI/ENG/N1/N2)NDICATESTHENOTATIONUSEDTODISPLAYAVALUE
and changes by SET UP menu. N1ISDISPLAYEDONSCREEN
ASh./2-vANDN2ASh./2-v
DEG/RAD/GRAD: Indicates angular units.
BUSY !PPEARSDURINGTHEEXECUTIONOFACALCULATION
W-VIEW)NDICATESTHATTHE7RITE6IEWEDITORISSELECTED
M )NDICATESTHATANUMERICALVALUEISSTOREDINTHEINDEPENDENT
memory (M).
/ )NDICATESTHEMODEOFEXPRESSIONFORRESULTSIN#/-0,%8
mode.
BEFORE USING THE CALCULATOR
Press jTOTURNTHECALCULATORON4HEDATATHATWASONSCREENWHEN
THEPOWERWASTURNEDOFFWILLAPPEARONTHEDISPLAY
Press @ o to turn the calculator off.
Key Notations Used in this Manual
4OSPECIFYe
x
:
@ "
4OSPECIFYLN
i
4OSPECIFY%
; E
s &UNCTIONSTHATAREPRINTEDINGRAYADJACENTTOTHEKEYSAREEFFECTIVEIN
SPECIlCMODES
s 4HEMULTIPLICATIONOPERATORh
vISDIFFERENTIATEDFROMTHELETTERh8vINTHIS
MANUALASFOLLOWS
4OSPECIFYTHEMULTIPLICATIONOPERATORk
4OSPECIFYTHELETTERh8v; X
s )NCERTAINCALCULATIONEXAMPLESWHEREYOUSEETHEo symbol, the
KEYOPERATIONSANDCALCULATIONRESULTSARESHOWNASTHEYWOULDAPPEAR
INTHE,INEEDITOR
s )NEACHEXAMPLEPRESSjTOCLEARTHEDISPLAYlRST5NLESSOTHERWISE
SPECIlEDCALCULATIONEXAMPLESAREPERFORMEDINTHE7RITE6IEWEDITOR
(@ J 2 0 0WITHTHEDEFAULTDISPLAYSETTINGS@
P 0).
Clearing the Entry and Memories
/PERATION Entry
$ISPLAY
!n&
-89
$n$ ANS
S TAT *
1
MAT!n$
VECT!n$
j
Ɉ
ɏɏɏɏɏ
@ Z
Ɉ
ɏɏ
ɈɈ Ɉ
Mode selection (b)
Ɉ
ɏɏɏ
ɏ
*
Ɉ
@ P 0
Ɉ
ɏɏɏɏɏ
@ P 1 0
ɈɈɈɈɈɈ
@ P 2 0
ɈɈɈɈɈɈ
2%3%4SWITCH
ɈɈɈɈɈɈ
Ɉ
: Clear
ɏ
: Retain
*1 Statistical data (entered data)
#LEAREDWHENCHANGINGBETWEENSUBMODESIN34!4MODE
4HE2%3%4OPERATIONWILLERASEALLDATASTOREDINMEMORYANDRESTORE
the calculator’s default settings. The username you stored using the
NAMEDISPLAYFUNCTIONWILLBECLEAREDASWELL
Memory clear key
Press @ PTODISPLAYTHEMENU
s 4OINITIALIZETHEDISPLAYSETTINGSPRESS04HEPARAMETERSARESETAS
FOLLOWS
s !NGULARUNIT$%'
s $ISPLAYNOTATION./2-
s .BASE$%#
s 2ECURRINGDECIMAL/&&
Mode Selection
./2-!,MODEb 0
5SEDTOPERFORMARITHMETICOPERATIONSANDFUNCTIONCALCULATIONS
STAT mode: b 1
5SEDTOPERFORMSTATISTICALOPERATIONS
4!",%MODEb 2
5SEDTOILLUSTRATETHECHANGESINVALUESOFONEORTWOFUNCTIONSINTABLEFORMAT
#/-0,%8MODEb 3
5SEDTOPERFORMCOMPLEXNUMBERCALCULATIONS
%15!4)/.MODEb 4
5SEDTOSOLVEEQUATIONS
-!42)8MODEb 5
5SEDTOPERFORMMATRIXCALCULATIONS
6%#4/2MODEb 6
5SEDTOPERFORMVECTORCALCULATIONS
$)342)"54)/.MODEb 7
5SEDTOPERFORMDISTRIBUTIONCALCULATIONS
$2),,MODEb 8
5SEDTOPRACTICEMATHANDMULTIPLICATIONTABLEDRILLS
HOME Key
Press 7TORETURNTO./2-!,MODEFROMOTHERMODES
.OTE %QUATIONSANDVALUESCURRENTLYBEINGENTEREDWILLDISAPPEARINTHE
SAMEWAYASWHENTHEMODEISCHANGED
SET UP Menu
Press @ JTODISPLAYTHE3%450MENU
Press jTOEXITTHE3%450MENU
.OTE 9OUCANPRESSNTORETURNTOTHEPREVIOUSLYDISPLAYEDPARENT
menu.
Determination of the angular unit (degrees, radians, and grades)
$%' @ J 0 0 (default)
RAD (rad): @ J 0 1
'2!$G@ J 0 2
Selecting the display notation and decimal places
1
4WOSETTINGSOF&LOATINGPOINT./2-AND./2-&IXEDDECIMALPOINT
&)83CIENTIlCNOTATION3#)AND%NGINEERINGNOTATION%.'
s 7HEN@ J 1 0&)8OR@ J 1 2%.'IS
PRESSEDTHENUMBEROFDECIMALPLACES4!"CANBESETTOANYVALUE
BETWEENAND
s 7HEN@ J 1 13#)ISPRESSEDTHENUMBEROF
SIGNIlCANTDIGITSCANBESETTOANYVALUEBETWEENAND%NTERING
WILLSETADIGITDISPLAY
Setting the floating point number system in scientific notation
./2-THEDEFAULTAND./2-!NUMBERISAUTOMATICALLYDISPLAYEDIN
SCIENTIlCNOTATIONOUTSIDEAPRESETRANGE
./2-@ J 1 3): 0.000000001
≤ \ X \ ≤ 9,999,999,999
./2-@ J 1 4): 0.01
≤ \ X \ ≤ 9,999,999,999
Selecting the editor and setting the answer display
2
4HISCALCULATORHASTHEFOLLOWINGTWOEDITORSIN./2-!,MODE
7RITE6IEWAND,INE
3ETTHEDISPLAYFORMATFORNUMERICALCALCULATIONRESULTSIN7RITE6IEWEDITOR
The WriteView editor
%8!#4ABr,
S
) @
J 2 0 0 (default)
!002/8 @
J 2 0 1
The Line editor @
J 2 1
Notes:
s 7HENh%8!#4ABr,
S
vISSETRESULTSWILLAPPEARINFRACTIONFORMATOR
irrational number format (including
S
and rWHENDISPLAYISPOSSIBLE
s 7HENh!002/8vISSETRESULTSWILLBEDECIMALDISPLAYORFRACTION
DISPLAYANDWILLBENOTSHOWNINIRRATIONALNUMBERFORMATINCLUDING
S
and r).
s 0RESSU to change the calculation results to another format that can
BEDISPLAYED
Adjusting the display contrast
Press @ J 3, then + or & to adjust the contrast. Press
jTOEXIT
Insert and overwrite entry methods
7HENUSINGTHE,INEEDITORYOUCANCHANGETHEENTRYMETHODFROM
h).3%24vTHEDEFAULTTOh/6%272)4%v
!FTERYOUSWITCHTOTHEOVERWRITEMETHODBYPRESSING@
J
4 1),
THETRIANGULARCURSORWILLCHANGETOARECTANGULARONEANDTHENUMBEROR
FUNCTIONUNDERNEATHITWILLBEOVERWRITTENASYOUMAKEENTRIES
Setting the recurring decimal
3
)N./2-!,MODECALCULATIONRESULTSCANBESHOWNINARECURRING
decimal format.
2ECURRINGDECIMALIS/&&@ J 5 0 (default)
2ECURRINGDECIMALIS/. @ J 5 1
s )NTHE7RITE6IEWEDITORTHERECURRINGPARTISINDICATEDBYh
v)NTHE
,INEEDITORTHERECURRINGPARTISINDICATEDINPARENTHESES
s )FOVERDIGITSINCLUDINGTHERECURRINGPARTTHERESULTCANNOTBE
DISPLAYEDINRECURRINGDECIMALFORMAT
Setting of the decimal point
9OUCANSHOWTHEDECIMALPOINTINTHECALCULATIONRESULTASEITHERADOT
or a comma.
$/4 J 6 0 (default)
#/--!J 6 1
s $URINGENTRYTHEDECIMALPOINTISONLYSHOWNASADOT
Name display function
9OUCANSAVEAUSERNAMEINTHISCALCULATOR7HENYOUTURNTHEPOWEROFF
THESAVEDUSERNAMEISDISPLAYEDMOMENTARILY
5PTOCHARACTERSMAYBESAVEDSPLITOVERTWOLINES
Entering and editing the username:
1. Press @ J 74HEEDITINGSCREENAPPEARSWITHAmASHING
cursor.
5SEu and d to scroll through the available characters.
0RESSINGl or r moves the cursor to the left or right.
To modify a character, use l or r to move the cursor to the
character, then select another character using u or d.
2EPEATSTEPSANDABOVETOCONTINUEENTERINGCHARACTERS
5. Press =TOSAVEANDQUIT
Note: Press @ Z in the editing screen to clear all the
characters.
ENTERING, DISPLAYING, AND EDITING THE EQUATION
4
The WriteView Editor
Entry and display
)NTHE7RITE6IEWEDITORYOUCANENTERANDDISPLAYFRACTIONSORCERTAIN
FUNCTIONSASYOUWOULDWRITETHEM
s 4HE7RITE6IEWEDITORCANBEUSEDIN./2-!,MODE
Displaying calculation results (when EXACT is selected)
7HENPOSSIBLECALCULATIONRESULTSWILLBEDISPLAYEDUSINGFRACTIONSr,
and
π7HENYOUPRESSUTHEDISPLAYWILLCYCLETHROUGHTHEFOLLOWING
DISPLAYSTYLES
s -IXEDFRACTIONSWITHORWITHOUT
π) IMPROPERFRACTIONSWITHOR
WITHOUT
π) decimal numbers
s 0ROPERFRACTIONSWITHORWITHOUT
π) decimal numbers
s )RRATIONALNUMBERSSQUAREROOTSFRACTIONSMADEUSINGSQUAREROOTS
decimal numbers
Notes:
s
)NTHEFOLLOWINGCASESCALCULATIONRESULTSMAYBEDISPLAYEDUSINGr:
s !RITHMETICOPERATIONSANDMEMORYCALCULATIONS
s 4RIGONOMETRICCALCULATIONS
s )NTRIGONOMETRICCALCULATIONSWHEN
entering values such as those in the
TABLETOTHERIGHTRESULTSMAYBESHOWN
using
r.
s )MPROPERPROPERFRACTIONSWILLBE
CONVERTEDTOANDDISPLAYEDASDECIMAL
numbers if the number of digits used in
THEIREXPRESSIONISGREATERTHANNINE)NTHECASEOFMIXEDFRACTIONSTHE
MAXIMUMNUMBEROFDISPLAYABLEDIGITSINCLUDINGINTEGERSISEIGHT
s )FTHENUMBEROFDIGITSINTHEDENOMINATOROFAFRACTIONALRESULTTHATUSES
πISGREATERTHANTHREETHERESULTISCONVERTEDTOANDDISPLAYEDASA
decimal number.
Performing integral calculations
1. Press ; F.
3PECIFYTHEFOLLOWINGPARAMETERSRANGEOFINTEGRALINITIALVALUE
a
), end
value (
b
FUNCTIONWITHVARIABLEx, and number of subintervals (
n
).
9OUDONOTNEEDTOSPECIFYTHENUMBEROFSUBINTERVALS)FTHE
NUMBEROFSUBINTERVALSISNOTSPECIlEDTHEDEFAULTVALUEOF
nWILLBEUSED
0RESS=.
Notes:
s 0ARAMETERSAREENTEREDINTHEFOLLOWINGWAY
7RITE6IEWEDITOR ,INEEDITOR
a
b
function[, subintervals]dx (function, a, b[, subintervals])
s )NTEGRALCALCULATIONS
DEPENDINGONTHE
integrands and
subintervals included,
REQUIRELONGER
calculation time.
During calculation,
the BUSY symbol
WILLBEDISPLAYED4O
cancel calculation,
PRESSj.
.OTETHATTHEREWILL
BEGREATERINTEGRALERRORSWHENTHEREARELARGEmUCTUATIONSINTHE
integral values during minute shifting of the integral range and for
PERIODICFUNCTIONSETCWHEREPOSITIVEANDNEGATIVEINTEGRALVALUES
EXISTDEPENDINGONTHEINTERVAL
&ORTHEFORMERCASEDIVIDEINTEGRALINTERVALSASSMALLASPOSSIBLE
&ORTHELATTERCASESEPARATETHEPOSITIVEANDNEGATIVEVALUES
&OLLOWINGTHESETIPSWILLALLOWYOUTOOBTAINRESULTSFROMCALCULATIONS
WITHGREATERACCURACYANDWILLALSOSHORTENTHECALCULATIONTIME
Performing differential calculations
1. Press ; G.
3PECIFYTHEFOLLOWINGPARAMETERSFUNCTIONWITHVARIABLEx, value of
x, and minute interval (
dx).
9OUDONOTNEEDTOSPECIFYTHEMINUTEINTERVAL)FTHEMINUTEINTERVAL
ISNOTSPECIlEDITWILLAUTOMATICALLYBESETTO
−
5
WHILEx = 0), or
|
x | × 10
−
5
WHILEx ≠ 0).
0RESS=.
.OTE 0ARAMETERSAREENTEREDINTHEFOLLOWINGWAY
7RITE6IEWEDITOR
d(function)
n
dx
|
x = value of x[, minute interval]
,INEEDITOR
d/dx (function, value of x[, minute interval])
∑ Function
11
The ∑FUNCTIONRETURNSTHECUMULATIVESUMOFAGIVENEXPRESSIONFROM
ANINITIALVALUETOANENDVALUEIN./2-!,MODE
Performing ∑ calculations
1. Press ; I.
3PECIFYTHEFOLLOWINGPARAMETERSINITIALVALUEENDVALUEFUNCTION
WITHVARIABLE
x, and increment (n).
9OUDONOTNEEDTOSPECIFYTHEINCREMENT)FTHEINCREMENTISNOT
SPECIlEDTHEDEFAULTVALUEOF
nWILLBEUSED
0RESS=.
.OTE 0ARAMETERSAREENTEREDINTHEFOLLOWINGWAY
7RITE6IEWEDITOR
end value
Σ
(
function[, increment])
x
=
initial value
,INEEDITOR
Σ
(function, initial value, end value[, increment])
3 Function
12
The ȆFUNCTIONRETURNSTHEPRODUCTOFAGIVENEXPRESSIONFROMAN
INITIALVALUETOANENDVALUEIN./2-!,MODE
Performing Π calculations
1. Press ; ;.
3PECIFYTHEFOLLOWINGPARAMETERSINITIALVALUEENDVALUEFUNCTION
WITHVARIABLE
x, and increment (n).
9OUDONOTNEEDTOSPECIFYTHEINCREMENT)FTHEINCREMENTISNOT
SPECIlEDTHEDEFAULTVALUEOF
nWILLBEUSED
0RESS=.
.OTE 0ARAMETERSAREENTEREDINTHEFOLLOWINGWAY
7RITE6IEWEDITOR
end value
Ȇ
(
function[, increment])
x
=
initial value
,INEEDITOR
Ȇ
(function, initial value, end value[, increment])
Random Function
The random function has four settings. (This function cannot be
SELECTEDWHILEUSINGTHE.BASEFUNCTION4OGENERATEFURTHERRANDOM
NUMBERSINSUCCESSIONPRESSe. Press jTOEXIT
Random numbers
!PSEUDORANDOMNUMBERWITHTHREESIGNIlCANTDIGITSFROMUPTO
CANBEGENERATEDBYPRESSING@ w 0 e.
.OTE )NTHE7RITE6IEWEDITORIFTHERESULTISNOTITCANBESHOWNAS
a fraction or decimal using U.
Random dice
4OSIMULATEADIEROLLINGARANDOMINTEGERBETWEENANDCANBE
GENERATEDBYPRESSING@ w 1 e.
Random coin
4OSIMULATEACOINmIPHEADSORTAILSCANBERANDOMLY
GENERATEDBYPRESSING@ w 2 e.
Random integer
9OUCANSPECIFYARANGEFORTHERANDOMINTEGERWITHh2)NTvONLY
R.Int(minimum value, maximum value)
&OREXAMPLEIFYOUENTER@ w 3 1
H
99 ) e, a
RANDOMINTEGERFROMTOWILLBEGENERATED
Angular Unit Conversions
13
Each time @ ]ISPRESSEDTHEANGULARUNITCHANGESINSEQUENCE
Memory Calculations
14
Temporary memories (A–F, X and Y)
Press xANDAVARIABLEKEYTOSTOREAVALUEINMEMORY
Press tANDAVARIABLEKEYTORECALLTHEVALUEFROMTHATMEMORY4O
PLACEAVARIABLEINANEQUATIONPRESS;ANDAVARIABLEKEY
Independent memory (M)
)NADDITIONTOALLTHEFEATURESOFTEMPORARYMEMORIESAVALUECANBE
ADDEDTOORSUBTRACTEDFROMANEXISTINGMEMORYVALUE
Press j x MTOCLEARTHEINDEPENDENTMEMORY-
Last answer memory (ANS)
4HECALCULATIONRESULTOBTAINEDBYPRESSING= or any other calculation
ENDINGINSTRUCTIONISAUTOMATICALLYSTOREDINTHELASTANSWERMEMORY
7HENTHECALCULATIONRESULTISINMATRIXORVECTORFORMTHEFULLMATRIX
ORVECTORISNOTSTOREDINTO!.3MEMORY/NLYTHEVALUEOFTHEELEMENT
covered by the cursor is stored.
Notes:
s #ALCULATIONRESULTSFROMTHEFUNCTIONSINDICATEDBELOWAREAUTOMATICALLY
STOREDINTHE8OR9MEMORIESREPLACINGANYEXISTINGVALUES
s
rθ,
xy
8MEMORYr or x9MEMORYθ or y)
s 4WO
x|VALUESFROMAQUADRATICREGRESSIONCALCULATIONIN34!4MODE
8MEMORY9MEMORY
s 5SEOFt or ;WILLRECALLTHEVALUESTOREDINMEMORYUSINGUPTO
14 digits.
s !&89MEMORYCANNOTBEUSEDIN#/-0,%8MODE
Definable memories (D1–D3)
9OUCANSTOREFUNCTIONSOROPERATIONSINDElNABLEMEMORIES$n$
s 4OSTOREAFUNCTIONOROPERATIONPRESSxFOLLOWEDBYADElNABLE
MEMORYKEYI, J, or KFOLLOWEDBYTHEOPERATIONYOU
WANTTOSTORE-ENURELATEDOPERATIONSSUCHAS@ J, cannot be
stored. Press jTORETURNTOTHEPREVIOUSDISPLAY
s 4OCALLASTOREDFUNCTIONOROPERATIONPRESSTHECORRESPONDINGMEMORY
KEY#ALLINGASTOREDFUNCTIONWILLNOTWORKIFTHEFUNCTIONTHATISCALLED
WOULDBEUNUSABLEINTHECURRENTCONTEXT
s !NYFUNCTIONSOROPERATIONSTHATARESTOREDINADElNABLEMEMORYWILL
BEREPLACEDWHENYOUSAVEANEWONEINTOTHATMEMORY
s &UNCTIONSCANNOTBESAVEDINADElNABLEMEMORYFROMTHESIMULATION
CALCULATIONSANDSOLVERFUNCTIONSOF./2-!,MODEORFROMTHEITEM
ANDVALUEINPUTSCREENSOFOTHERMODES
Memory List
Press
;
9
TODISPLAYALISTOFTHEVALUESSAVEDINMEMORY
4HEVALUESARESHOWNINACHARACTERRANGE
!PPLICABLEMEMORIES!"#$%&89-
s )N#/-0,%8MODEONLY-MEMORYISDISPLAYED
Chain Calculations
15
4HEPREVIOUSCALCULATIONRESULTCANBEUSEDINTHESUBSEQUENT
CALCULATION(OWEVERITCANNOTBERECALLEDAFTERENTERINGMULTIPLE
INSTRUCTIONSORWHENTHECALCULATIONRESULTISINMATRIXVECTORFORMAT
Fraction Calculations
16
!RITHMETICOPERATIONSANDMEMORYCALCULATIONSCANBEPERFORMEDUSING
FRACTIONS)N./2-!,MODECONVERSIONBETWEENADECIMALNUMBERAND
AFRACTIONCANBEPERFORMEDBYPRESSINGU.
Notes:
s )MPROPERPROPERFRACTIONSWILLBECONVERTEDTOANDDISPLAYEDASDECIMAL
NUMBERSIFTHENUMBEROFDIGITSUSEDINTHEIREXPRESSIONISGREATER
THANNINE)NTHECASEOFMIXEDFRACTIONSTHEMAXIMUMNUMBEROF
DISPLAYABLEDIGITSINCLUDINGINTEGERSISEIGHT
s 4OCONVERTASEXAGESIMALVALUETOAFRACTIONlRSTCONVERTITBYPRESSING
@ :.
Binary, Pental, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal
Operations (N-base)
17
#ONVERSIONSCANBEPERFORMEDBETWEEN.BASENUMBERSIN./2-!,
MODE4HEFOURBASICARITHMETICOPERATIONSCALCULATIONSWITH
PARENTHESESANDMEMORYCALCULATIONSCANALSOBEPERFORMEDALONGWITH
THELOGICALOPERATIONS!.$/2./4.%'8/2AND8./2ONBINARY
PENTALOCTALANDHEXADECIMALNUMBERS
.OTE 4HEHEXADECIMALNUMBERS!n&AREENTEREDBYPRESSINGm
A
,
*
B
, A
C
, l
D
, i
E
, and H
F
.
)NTHEBINARYPENTALOCTALANDHEXADECIMALSYSTEMSFRACTIONALPARTS
CANNOTBEENTERED7HENADECIMALNUMBERHAVINGAFRACTIONALPART
ISCONVERTEDINTOABINARYPENTALOCTALORHEXADECIMALNUMBERTHE
FRACTIONALPARTWILLBETRUNCATED,IKEWISEWHENTHERESULTOFABINARY
PENTALOCTALORHEXADECIMALCALCULATIONINCLUDESAFRACTIONALPART
THEFRACTIONALPARTWILLBETRUNCATED)NTHEBINARYPENTALOCTALAND
HEXADECIMALSYSTEMSNEGATIVENUMBERSAREDISPLAYEDASACOMPLEMENT
Time, Decimal, and Sexagesimal Calculations
18
9OUCANCONVERTBETWEENDECIMALANDSEXAGESIMALNUMBERSANDFROM
SEXAGESIMALNUMBERSTOSECONDSORMINUTES)NADDITIONTHEFOURBASIC
ARITHMETICOPERATIONSANDMEMORYCALCULATIONSCANBEPERFORMEDUSING
THESEXAGESIMALSYSTEM.OTATIONFORSEXAGESIMALISASFOLLOWS
Degree
Minute
Second
Coordinate Conversions
19
s "EFOREPERFORMINGACALCULATIONSELECTTHEANGULARUNIT
s 4HERESULTSOFCOORDINATECONVERSIONSWILLBEDISPLAYEDASDECIMAL
NUMBERSEVENINTHE7RITE6IEWEDITOR
Rectangular coord. Polar coord.
Physical Constants and Metric Conversions
20
Calculations using physical constants
4ORECALLACONSTANTPRESS; :THENSELECTAPHYSICALCONSTANT
FROMTHELIST%ACHITEMISLABELEDWITHADIGITNUMBER
s 4OSCROLLUPORDOWNTHELISTOFCONSTANTSPRESSu (l) or d (r).
Use @ u (l) or @ d (rTOJUMPTOTHElRSTOR
LASTPAGE
s %NTERTHElRSTDIGITOFTHEDIGITITEMNUMBERTOJUMPTOTHEPAGE
CONTAININGTHENUMBERTHATBEGINSWITHTHATDIGIT
s 7HENYOUENTERTHESECONDDIGITTHECONSTANTISDISPLAYED
AUTOMATICALLYACCORDINGTOTHEDISPLAYANDDECIMALPLACEMENTSETTINGS
s 0HYSICALCONSTANTSCANBERECALLEDIN./2-!,EXCLUDING.BASE
34!4 # / -0, % 8 -!42)86%#4/2AND%15!4)/.MODES
Note: Physical constants and metric conversions are based on the
#/$!4!RECOMMENDEDVALUESORONTHE%DITION
OFTHEh'UIDEFORTHE5SEOFTHE)NTERNATIONAL3YSTEMOF5NITS
3)vRELEASEDBY.)34.ATIONAL)NSTITUTEOF3TANDARDSAND
Technology).
No. Constant No. Constant
01
04
05
06
07
09
10
11
14
15
16
17
19
3PEEDOFLIGHTINVACUUM
.EWTONIANCONSTANTOFGRAVITATION
Standard acceleration of gravity
Electron mass
Proton mass
Neutron mass
Muon mass
!TOMICMASSUNITKILOGRAM
RELATIONSHIP
Elementary charge
0LANCKCONSTANT
"OLTZMANNCONSTANT
Magnetic constant
Electric constant
Classical electron radius
&INESTRUCTURECONSTANT
Bohr radius
Rydberg constant
-AGNETICmUXQUANTUM
Bohr magneton
Electron magnetic moment
Nuclear magneton
Proton magnetic moment
Neutron magnetic moment
Muon magnetic moment
#OMPTONWAVELENGTH
0ROTON#OMPTONWAVELENGTH
40
41
44
45
46
47
49
50
51
3TEFAN"OLTZMANNCONSTANT
Avogadro constant
Molar volume of ideal gas
+K0A
Molar gas constant
Faraday constant
6ON+LITZINGCONSTANT
%LECTRONCHARGETOMASSQUOTIENT
Quantum of circulation
Proton gyromagnetic ratio
*OSEPHSONCONSTANT
Electron volt
#ELSIUS4EMPERATURE
Astronomical unit
Parsec
-OLARMASSOFCARBON
0LANCKCONSTANTOVERPI
Hartree energy
#ONDUCTANCEQUANTUM
)NVERSElNESTRUCTURECONSTANT
0ROTONELECTRONMASSRATIO
Molar mass constant
.EUTRON#OMPTONWAVELENGTH
First radiation constant
Second radiation constant
#HARACTERISTICIMPEDANCEOFVACUUM
3TANDARDATMOSPHERE
Metric conversions
%NTERAVALUETOBECONVERTEDTHENPRESS; L, and select a metric
CONVERSIONBYENTERINGITSDIGITNUMBER
s 4HEMETRICCONVERSIONLISTISUSEDINTHESAMEMANNERASTHELISTOF
PHYSICALCONSTANTS
s 5NITCONVERSIONSCANBEPERFORMEDIN./2-!,EXCLUDING.BASE
34!4 - !42)86%#4/2AND%15!4)/.MODES
No. 2EMARKS No. 2EMARKS
01 in : inch
mOZ53 mUIDOUNCE
(US)
cm : centimeter M, MILLILITER
ft : foot mOZ5+ mUIDOUNCE5+
04 m : meter M, MILLILITER
05 yd : yard cal
th
: calorie
th
06 m : meter J : joule
07 mi : mile cal
15
CALORIE#
KM KILOMETER J : joule
09 n mi : nautical mile cal
IT
: calorie
IT
10 m : meter J : joule
11 acre : acre*
1
HP
HORSEPOWER5+
m
SQUAREMETER 7 WATT
OZ
:
OUNCEAVOIRDUPOIS
PS
HORSEPOWERMETRIC
14
g : gram
7 WATT
15 lb
POUNDAVOIRDUPOIS
KGFCM
)
16
KG KILOGRAM
0A PASCAL
17 &
: degree Fahrenheit
ATM ATMOSPHERE
# DEGREE#ELSIUS 40 0A PASCAL
19 gal (US) : gallon (US) 41 (1 mmHg = 1 Torr)
, LITER 0A PASCAL
GAL5+ GALLON5+ KGFqM
, LITER 44 .qM NEWTONMETER
*1 based on US survey foot
Calculations Using Engineering Prefixes
21
#ALCULATIONCANBEEXECUTEDIN./2-!,MODEEXCLUDING.BASEUSING
THEFOLLOWINGTYPESOFPRElXES
0RElX Unit 0RElX Unit
K
M
'
T
KILO
(Mega)
'IGA
(Tera)
10
10
6
10
9
10
m
μ
n
P
f
(milli)
(micro)
(nano)
PICO
(femto)
10
n
10
n
10
n
10
n
10
n
Modify Function
22
$ECIMALCALCULATIONRESULTSAREINTERNALLYOBTAINEDINSCIENTIlCNOTATION
WITHUPTODIGITSINTHEMANTISSA(OWEVERSINCECALCULATIONRESULTSARE
DISPLAYEDINTHEFORMDESIGNATEDBYTHEDISPLAYNOTATIONANDTHENUMBER
OFDECIMALPLACESINDICATEDTHEINTERNALCALCULATIONRESULTMAYDIFFERFROM
THATSHOWNINTHEDISPLAY"YUSINGTHEMODIFYFUNCTION@ n),
THEINTERNALVALUEISCONVERTEDTOMATCHTHATOFTHEDISPLAYSOTHATTHE
DISPLAYEDVALUECANBEUSEDWITHOUTCHANGEINSUBSEQUENTOPERATIONS
s 7HENUSINGTHE7RITE6IEWEDITORIFTHECALCULATIONRESULTISDISPLAYED
USINGFRACTIONSORIRRATIONALNUMBERSPRESSU to convert it to
DECIMALFORMlRST
s 4HEMODIFYFUNCTIONCANBEUSEDIN./2-!,34!4-!42)8OR
6%#4/2MODES
The Line Editor
Entry and display
)NTHE,INEEDITORYOUCANENTERANDDISPLAYEQUATIONSLINEBYLINE
Notes:
s 5PTOTHREELINESOFTEXTMAYBEVIEWEDONTHESCREENATONETIME
s )NTHE,INEEDITORCALCULATIONRESULTSAREDISPLAYEDINDECIMALFORM
ORLINEFRACTIONNOTATIONIFPOSSIBLE
s 5SEUTOSWITCHTHEDISPLAYFORMATTOFRACTIONALFORMORDECIMAL
FORMIFPOSSIBLE
Editing the Equation
*USTAFTEROBTAININGANANSWERPRESSINGl brings you to the end
OFTHEEQUATIONANDPRESSINGr brings you to the beginning. Press
l, r, u, or d to move the cursor. Press @ l
or @ rTOJUMPTHECURSORTOTHEBEGINNINGORTHEENDOFTHE
EQUATION
Back space and delete key
To delete a number or function, move the cursor to the right of it, then
PRESSN9OUCANALSODELETEANUMBERORFUNCTIONTHATTHECURSORIS
DIRECTLYOVERBYPRESSING@ y.
.OTE )NAMULTILEVELMENUYOUCANPRESSNTOBACKTOTHE
PREVIOUSMENULEVEL
MATH Menu
/THERFUNCTIONSMAYBEAVAILABLEONTHISCALCULATORBESIDESTHOSE
PRINTEDONTHEKEYPAD4HESEFUNCTIONSAREACCESSEDUSINGTHE-!4(
menu. The MATH menu has different contents for each mode.
Press NTODISPLAYTHE-!4(MENU
Note: The NKEYCANNOTBEUSEDINTHESIMULATIONCALCULATIONSAND
SOLVERFUNCTIONSOF./2-!,MODEORINTHEITEMANDVALUE
INPUTSCREENSOFOTHERMODES
Multi-line Playback Function
5
4HISCALCULATORISEQUIPPEDWITHAFUNCTIONTORECALLPREVIOUSEQUATIONS
ANDANSWERSIN./2-!,OR#/-0,%8MODES0RESSINGuWILL
DISPLAYTHEPREVIOUSEQUATION4HENUMBEROFCHARACTERSTHATCANBE
SAVEDISLIMITED7HENTHEMEMORYISFULLSTOREDEQUATIONSWILLBE
DELETEDTOMAKEROOMSTARTINGWITHTHEOLDEST
s 4OEDITANEQUATIONAFTERRECALLINGITPRESSl or r.
s 4HEMULTILINEMEMORYWILLBECLEAREDBYTHEFOLLOWINGOPERATIONS
@ ZMODECHANGE2%3%4.BASECONVERSIONANGULARUNIT
conversion, editor change (@ J 2 0 0, @ J
2 0 1 or @ J 2 1), and memory clear
(@ P 1 0).
Priority Levels in Calculation
4HISCALCULATORPERFORMSOPERATIONSACCORDINGTOTHEFOLLOWINGPRIORITY
1
Fractions (1m4, etc.)
∠%NGINEERINGPRElXES
Functions
PRECEDEDBYTHEIRARGUMENT
x
−
1
, x
, n!,(%), etc.)
4
y
x
,
x
r
5
)MPLIED
MULTIPLICATIONOFAMEMORYVALUE9ETC
6
&UNCTIONSFOLLOWEDBYTHEIRARGUMENTSINCOS−), etc.)
7
)MPLIED
MULTIPLICATIONOFAFUNCTIONSIN!
1
⎯
4
, etc.)
N#RN0R'#$,#-
cv
9
×, ÷, int÷
10
+, −
11
AND
/28/28./2
=, M+, M−,
M, Ź$%'ŹRAD, Ź'2!$ rθ,
xy
, and other calculation
ending instructions
s )FPARENTHESESAREUSEDPARENTHESIZEDCALCULATIONSHAVE
PRECEDENCEOVERANYOTHERCALCULATIONS
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATIONS
Arithmetic Operations
6
s 4HECLOSINGPARENTHESIS) just before = or m may be
omitted.
Constant Calculations
7
s )NCONSTANTCALCULATIONSTHEADDENDBECOMESACONSTANT
3UBTRACTIONANDDIVISIONAREPERFORMEDINTHESAMEMANNER&OR
MULTIPLICATIONTHEMULTIPLICANDBECOMESACONSTANT
s )NCONSTANTCALCULATIONSCONSTANTSWILLBEDISPLAYEDAS+
s
#ONSTANTCALCULATIONSCANBEPERFORMEDIN./2-!,OR34!4MODES
Conversion to Engineering notation
8
9OUCANUSE; < or ; > to convert the calculation result
to engineering notation.
s 0RESS; <TODECREASETHEEXPONENT0RESS; > to
INCREASETHEEXPONENT
s 4HESETTINGS&3%INTHE3%450MENUDONOTCHANGE
Functions
9
s 2EFERTOTHECALCULATIONEXAMPLESFOREACHFUNCTION
s )NTHE,INEEDITORTHEFOLLOWINGSYMBOLSAREUSED
s
TOINDICATEANEXPRESSIONSPOWERm, @ ", @
Y)
s
TOSEPARATEINTEGERSNUMERATORSANDDENOMINATORSW,
@ k)
s 7HENUSING@ O or @ WINTHE,INEEDITORVALUESARE
ENTEREDINTHEFOLLOWINGWAY
s LOGNbase, value)
s ABSvalue
Integral/Differential Functions
10
)NTEGRALANDDIFFERENTIALCALCULATIONSCANBEPERFORMEDIN./2-!,
mode.
.OTE 3INCEINTEGRALANDDIFFERENTIALCALCULATIONSAREPERFORMED
BASEDONTHEFOLLOWINGEQUATIONSCORRECTRESULTSMAYNOT
BEOBTAINEDINCERTAINRARECASESWHENPERFORMINGSPECIAL
CALCULATIONSTHATCONTAINDISCONTINUOUSPOINTS
)NTEGRALCALCULATION3IMPSONSRULE
( )
h
=
b
−
a
⎯
N
a
≤
x
≤
b
N
=
n
S
=
1
⎯
h
{
f
(
a
)
+
4{
f
(
a
+
h
)
+
f
(
a
+
h
)
+
...
+
f
(
a
+
(N
−
1)
h
)}
+
[
f
(
a
+
h
)
+
f
(
a
+
4
h
)
+
...
+
f
(
a
+
(N
−
h
)}
+
f
(
b
)}
Differential calculation:
f´(x)
=
f
(
x
+
dx
⎯
)
−
f
(
x
−
dx
⎯
)
—
dx
Various functions
23
s 2EFERTOTHECALCULATIONEXAMPLESFOREACHFUNCTION
GCD (the Greatest Common Divisor)
7HATISTHE'#$OF
AND
j
24
@
=
36
=
12
.
LCM (the Least Common Multiple)
7HATISTHE,#-OF
AND
j
15
@
?
9
=
45
.
int÷
s v1vINDICATESh1UOTIENTvANDh2vINDICATESh2EMAINDERv
s 0RESSING@ 6CANNOTBEFOLLOWEDBYPRESSINGAKEYFOR
ANOTHEROPERATIONSUCHASn¾¿OTHERWISEANERRORWILLRESULT
s 4HEQUOTIENTANDREMAINDERARESHOWNINh./2-vFORMAT)FNOT
ALLDIGITSCANBEDISPLAYEDINh./2-vFORMATNORMALDIVISIONIS
PERFORMED
ipart
2ETURNSONLYTHEINTEGERPARTOFADECIMALNUMBER
fpart
2ETURNSONLYTHEFRACTIONPARTOFADECIMALNUMBER
int
2ETURNSTHEHIGHESTINTEGERVALUETHATDOESNOTEXCEEDTHEVALUE
SPECIlED
(%)
7HENSPECIlEDIMMEDIATELYAFTERAVALUETHEVALUEISTREATEDASA
PERCENTAGE
Note: For calculation using @
a
, refer to the calculation
EXAMPLES.O9OUCANUSE@
a
TOPERFORMPREMIUM
discount, and other calculations.
Prime Factorization
24
)N./2-!,MODETHECALCULATIONRESULTCANBESHOWNASAPRODUCT
OFPRIMENUMBERS
s!POSITIVEINTEGERGREATERTHANANDNOMORETHANDIGITSCANBE
FACTOREDINTOPRIMES
s!NUMBERTHATCANNOTBEFACTOREDINTOAPRIMENUMBERWITHDIGITS
ORSHORTERISSHOWNINPARENTHESES
s4HECALCULATIONRESULTOFPRIMEFACTORIZATIONISDISPLAYEDACCORDINGTO
THEEDITORSETTING76)%7OR,).%
s 4HECALCULATIONRESULTOFPRIMEFACTORIZATIONMAYEXTENDOFFTHE
EDGESOFTHESCREEN9OUCANSEETHOSEPARTSBYPRESSINGl or
r4OJUMPTOTHELEFTENDORRIGHTENDPRESS@ l or @
r.
Simulation Calculation (ALGB)
25
)FYOUHAVETOlNDVALUESCONSECUTIVELYUSINGTHESAMEEXPRESSION
SUCHASPLOTTINGACURVELINEFORx
ORlNDINGTHEVARIABLEVALUES
FOR
xyONCEYOUENTERTHEEXPRESSIONALLYOUHAVETODOISTO
SPECIFYTHEVALUEFORTHEVARIABLEINTHEEQUATION
5SABLEVARIABLES!n&-8AND9
s 3IMULATIONCALCULATIONSCANONLYBEEXECUTEDIN./2-!,MODE
s #ALCULATIONENDINGINSTRUCTIONSOTHERTHAN= cannot be used.
Performing calculations
1. Press b 0.
)NPUTANEXPRESSIONWITHATLEASTONEVARIABLE
0RESS@ 2.
4HEVARIABLEENTRYSCREENWILLAPPEAR%NTERAVALUETHENPRESS
eTOCONlRM
s !FTERCOMPLETINGTHECALCULATIONPRESS@ 2TOPERFORM
CALCULATIONSUSINGTHESAMEEQUATION
Solver Function
26
4HESOLVERFUNCTIONlNDSTHEVALUEFORx that reduces the entered
EXPRESSIONTOZERO
s 4HISFUNCTIONUSES.EWTONSMETHODTOOBTAINANAPPROXIMATION
$EPENDINGONTHEFUNCTIONEGPERIODICORSTARTVALUEANERROR
MAYOCCUR%22/2DUETOTHEREBEINGNOCONVERGENCETOTHE
SOLUTIONFORTHEEQUATION
s 4HEVALUEOBTAINEDBYTHISFUNCTIONMAYINCLUDEAMARGINOFERROR
s #HANGETHEh3TARTvVALUEEGTOANEGATIVEVALUEORdx value (e.g.
to a smaller value) if:
s NOSOLUTIONCANBEFOUND%22/2
s
MORETHANTWOSOLUTIONSAPPEARTOBEPOSSIBLEEGACUBICEQUATION
.
s TOIMPROVEARITHMETICPRECISION
s 4HECALCULATIONRESULTISAUTOMATICALLYSTOREDINTHE8MEMORY
s 0RESSjTOEXITTHESOLVERFUNCTION
Performing solver function
1. Press b 0.
)NPUTANEXPRESSIONWITHANx variable.
0RESS@ 3.
%NTERAh3TARTvVALUEANDPRESSe4HEDEFAULTVALUEIShv
5. Enter a
dx value (minute interval).
6. Press e.
Entry value
$%' MULTIPLESOF
RAD
MULTIPLESOF
1
⎯
π
'2!$
MULTIPLESOF
50
⎯
y
x
b
xx
xx
a
0
13
2
y
a
b
x
x
x
x
x
1
0
2
3
3#)%.4)&)##!,#5,!4/R
OPERATION MANUAL
EL-W506T
EL-W516T
EL-W516XG
-/$%,
ENGLISH