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Tektronix 502A

Tektronix 502A
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Operating
Instructions
—
Type
502A
How
to
measure
the
ac
component
of
a
wave
form
For
measuring
the
ac
component
of
a
waveform,
ac
coup
ling
is
normally
used
since
it
is
usually
not
advantageous
to
display
the
d
c
component
of
the
waveform
being
mea
sured.
AC
component
voltage
measurements
can
usually
be
made
with
d
c
coupling
also,
but
there
is
normally
no
par
ticular
advantage
in
doing
so.
To
obtain
peak-to-peak
volt
age
measurement,
perform
the
following
steps.
1.
To
use
the
graticule,
measure
the
vertical
distance
in
centimeters
from
the
level
of
the
positive
peak
to
the
level
of
the
negative
peak.
2.
Multiply
the
setting
of
the
SENSITIVITY
Control
by
the
distance
measured
to
obtain
the
indicated
voltage.
3.
Multiply
the
indicated
voltage
by
the
attenuation
factor
of
the
probe
you
are
using
to
obtain
the
true
peak-to-peak
voltage.
Fig.
2-10.
Voltage
measurement
of
the
ac
component
of
a
wave
form.
The
vertical
distance
between
peaks
is
multiplied
by
the
setting
of
the
SENSITIVITY
control
and
by
the
probe
attenuation
factor
to
obtain
the
voltage
measurement.
As
an
example
of
this
method,
assume
that
using
a
10X
probe
and
a
sensitivity
of
1
volt
per
centimeter,
you
mea
sure
a
total
vertical
distance
between
peaks
of
4
centimeters.
In
this
case
then,
4
centimeters
times
1
volt
per
centimeter
gives
you
an
indicated
voltage
of
4
volts
peak-to-peak
of
sine
wave.
The
indicated
voltage
times
the
probe
attenua
tion
factor
of
10
then
gives
you
the
true
peak-to-peak
am
plitude
of
40
volts.
The
peak-to-peak
sinusoidal
voltage
can
then
be
converted
to
peak,
rms,
or
average
voltage
through
use
of
standard
conversion
factors.
How
to
measure
instantaneous
voltages
The
method
used
to
measure
instantaneous
voltages
is
very
similar
to
the
method
described
previously
for
ac
com
ponent
voltage
measurements.
A
reference
line
must
be
es
tablished
on
the
c
rt
screen.
The
actual
voltage
measurement
is
taken
with
respect
to
this
reference
line.
If
for
example,
the
voltage
measurement
is
to
be
made
with
respect
to
+1
00
volts,
the
reference
line
would
correspond
to
+100
volts.
In
the
following
procedure
the
method
is
given
for
establishing
this
reference
line
as
ground
since
measurements
with
respect
to
ground
are
by
far
the
most
common
type
made.
The
same
general
method
may
be
used
to
measure
voltage
with
respect
to
any
other
potential,
so
long
as
that
potential
is
used
to
establish
the
reference
line.
CAUTION
To
prevent
saturation
of
the
vertical
amplifiers,
the
peak
voltage
to
ground
at
any
amplifier
input
connector
must
not
exceed
200
volts
on
5,
10,
and
20
VOLTS
PER
CM
ranges;
20
volts
on
the
.5,
1,
and
2
VOLTS
PER
CM
ranges;
and
2
volts
on
all
other
ranges.
To
obtain
a
voltage
measurement
with
respect
to
ground,
perform
the
following
steps:
1.
To
establish
the
reference
line,
DC
couple
the
oscilloscope
input,
then
touch
the
probe
tip
to
the
oscilloscope
ground
terminal
and
rotate
the
TRIGGERING
LEVEL
Control
fully
clockwise
to
the
RECURRENT
position.
Fig.
2-11.
Measuring
the
instantaneous
voltage.
The
vertical
distance
from
the
point
of
measurement
to
a
pre-established
reference
line
is
multiplied
by
the
setting
of
the
SENSITIVITY
control
and
by
the
attenuation
factor
of
the
probe
to
obtain
the
voltage
measurement.
2.
Vertically
position
the
trace
to
a
convenient
point
on
the
face
of
the
crt.
(This
point
will
depend
upon
the
polarity
and
amplitude
of
the
input
signal,
but
it
should
always
be
chosen
so
that
the
trace
lies
along
one
of
the
major
divisions
of
the
graticule.
The
graticule
division
corresponding
to
the
position
of
the
sweep
is
known
as
the
ground
reference
line.
2-8

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