Manual 36541 Solenoid Troubleshooting Guide
Woodward 1
Chapter 1.
General Information
Solenoid Operation
Single Coil Solenoid
A solenoid is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical force. The
basic single coil solenoid is made of a free moving steel plunger that sits within a
wound coil of copper wire. When electric current is introduced, a magnetic field
forms which draws the plunger in. The exposed end of the plunger can be attached
to equipment, and when the solenoid is activated, the plunger will move to open,
close, turn on or turn off that equipment.
Solenoids are configured in many ways for different applications and operating
characteristics. In most automotive applications, solenoids are used for operating
engine run/stop levers, throttle control levers, chokes, valves, and clutches and to
protect expensive diesel equipment from overspeed, low lube pressure, and high
temperature.
Figure 1 shows the various parts of a basic single coil solenoid.
Figure 1. Basic Single Coil Solenoid
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