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Yamaha TRX850 User Manual

Yamaha TRX850
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o.8 Safety first!
Professional mechanics are trained in safe
working procedures. However enthusiastic you
may be about getting on with the job at hand,
take the time to ensure that your safety is not put
at risk. A moment's lack of attention can result in
an accident, as can failure to observe simple
precautions.
There will always be new ways of having
accidents, and the following is not a
comprehensive list of all dangers; it is intended
rather to make you aware of the risks and to
encourage a safe approach to all work you carry
out on your bike.
Asbestos
• Certain friction, insulating, sealing and
other products - such as brake pads, clutch
linings, gaskets, etc. - contain asbestos.
Extreme care must be taken to avoid
inhalation of dust from such products since it
is hazardous to health. If in doubt, assume
that they do contain asbestos.
Fire
• Remember at all times that petrol is highly
flammable. Never smoke or have any kind of
naked flame around, when working on the
vehicle. But the risk does not end there - a
spark caused by an electrical short-circuit, by
two metal surfaces contacting each other, by
careless use of tools, or even by static
electricity built up in your body under certain
conditions, can ignite petrol vapour, which in
a confined space is highly explosive. Never
use petrol as a cleaning solvent. Use an
approved safety solvent.
• Always disconnect the battery earth terminal
before working on any part of the fuel or electrical
system, and never risk spilling fuel on to a hot
engine or exhaust.
• It is recommended that a fire extinguisher of
a type suitable for fuel and electrical fires is kept
handy in the garage or workplace at all times.
Never try to extinguish a fuel or electrical fire with
water.
Fumes
• Certain fumes are highly toxic and can
quickly cause unconsciousness and even death if
inhaled to any extent. Petrol vapour comes into
this category, as do the vapours from certain
solvents such as trichloro-ethylene. Any draining
or pouring of such volatile fluids should be done
in a well ventilated area.
• When using cleaning fluids and solvents,
read the instructions carefully. Never use
materials from unmarked containers - they may
give off poisonous vapours.
• Never run the engine of a motor vehicle in an
enclosed space such as a garage. Exhaust
fumes contain carbon monoxide which is
extremely poisonous; if you need to run the
engine, always do so in the open air or at least
have the rear of the vehicle outside the
workplace.
The battery
• Never cause a spark, or allow a naked
light near the vehicle's battery. It will normally
be giving off a certain amount of hydrogen
gas, which is highly explosive.
• Always disconnect the battery ground (earth)
terminal before working on the fuel or electrical
systems (except where noted).
• If possible, loosen the filler plugs or cover
when charging the battery from an external
source. Do not charge at an excessive rate or the
battery may burst.
• Take care when topping up, cleaning or
carrying the battery. The acid electrolyte,
evenwhen diluted, is very corrosive and should
not be allowed to contact the eyes or skin.
Always wear rubber gloves and goggles or a face
shield. If you ever need to prepare electrolyte
yourself, always add the acid slowly to the water;
never add the water to the acid.
Electricity
• When using an electric power tool, inspection
light etc., always ensure that the appliance is
correctly connected to its plug and that, where
necessary, it is properly grounded (earthed). Do
not use such appliances in damp conditions and,
again, beware of creating a spark or applying
excessive heat in the vicinity of fuel or fuel
vapour. Also ensure that the appliances meet
national safety standards.
• A severe electric shock can result from
touching certain parts of the electrical system,
such as the spark plug wires (HT leads), when
the engine is running or being cranked,
particularly if components are damp or the
insulation is defective. Where an electronic
ignition system is used, the secondary (HT)
voltage is much higher and could prove fatal.
Remember...
.X Don't start the engine without first ascer-
taining that the transmission is in neutral. X
Don't suddenly remove the pressure cap from
a hot cooling system - cover it with a cloth and
release the pressure gradually first, or you may
get scalded by escaping coolant. X Don't
attempt to drain oil until you are sure it has
cooled sufficiently to avoid scalding you.
X Don't grasp any part of the engine or
exhaust system without first ascertaining that it
is cool enough not to burn you. X Don't allow
brake fluid or antifreeze to contact the
machine's paintwork or plastic components.
X Don't siphon toxic liquids such as fuel,
hydraulic fluid or antifreeze by mouth, or allow
them to remain on your skin. X Dont inhale
dust - it may be injurious to health (see
Asbestos heading). X Dont allow any spilled oil
or grease to remain on the floor - wipe it up
right away, before someone slips on it. X Don't
use ill-fitting spanners or other tools which may
slip and cause injury. X Dont lift a heavy
component which may be beyond your
capability - get assistance.
X Don't rush to finish a job or take
unverified short cuts.
X Don't allow children or animals in or
around an unattended vehicle.
X Don't inflate a tyre above the
recommended pressure. Apart from
overstressing the carcass, in extreme cases
the tyre may blow off forcibly.
• Do ensure that the machine is supported
securely at all times. This is especially
important when the machine is blocked up
to aid wheel or fork removal.
</ Do take care when attempting to loosen a
stubborn nut or bolt. It is generally better to pull
on a spanner, rather than push, so that if you
slip, you fall away from the machine rather
than onto it.
• Do wear eye protection when using power
tools such as drill, sander, bench grinder etc.
• Do use a barrier cream on your hands prior
to undertaking dirty jobs - it will protect your
skin from infection as well as making the dirt
easier to remove afterwards; but make sure
your hands aren't left slippery. Note that long-
term contact with used engine oil can be a
health hazard.
• Do keep loose clothing (cuffs, ties etc. and
long hair) well out of the way of moving
mechanical parts.
• Do remove rings, wristwatch etc., before
working on the vehicle - especially the
electrical system.
• Do keep your work area tidy - it is only too
easy to fall over articles left lying around.
• Do exercise caution when compressing
springs for removal or installation. Ensure that
the tension is applied and released in a
controlled manner, using suitable tools which
preclude the possibility of the spring escaping
violently.
• Do ensure that any lifting tackle used has a
safe working load rating adequate for the job.
• Do get someone to check periodically that
all is well, when working alone on the vehicle.
• Do carry out work in a logical sequence and
check that everything is correctly assembled
and tightened afterwards.
• Do remember that your vehicle's safety
affects that of yourself and others. If in doubt
on any point, get professional advice. • If in
spite of following these precautions, you are
unfortunate enough to injure yourself, seek
medical attention as soon as possible.
Scaned by Stalker

Table of Contents

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Yamaha TRX850 Specifications

General IconGeneral
Displacement849 cc
Bore x Stroke89.5 mm x 67.5 mm
Compression Ratio10.5:1
Transmission5-speed
Fuel SystemCarburetor
Final DriveChain
Front SuspensionTelescopic fork
Front BrakesDual disc
Rear BrakesSingle disc
Length2, 120 mm
FrameSteel
Rear SuspensionSwingarm with monoshock
Front Tire120/70-17
Rear Tire160/60 ZR17

Summary

o.8 Safety first!

Asbestos

Handling precautions for asbestos to prevent health hazards.

Fire

Safety measures against petrol flammability, sparks, and open flames.

Fumes

Hazards of toxic fumes from petrol and solvents, emphasizing ventilation.

The battery

Safety warnings regarding battery's explosive hydrogen gas and corrosive acid.

Electricity

Risks of electric shock from power tools and electrical system components.

Identification numbers

Frame and engine numbers

Location and importance of recording frame and engine numbers for security.

Buying spare parts

Guidance on using ID numbers to ensure correct parts purchase and avoid errors.

Daily (pre-ride) checks

1 Engine/transmission oil level check

Procedure for checking and topping up engine/transmission oil levels on various models.

2 Brake fluid level checks

Steps to check front and rear brake fluid levels, including bike care and fluid type.

3 Coolant level check

Instructions for checking coolant levels, mixture, and system for leaks.

4 Tyre checks

Guidance on checking tyre pressures, tread depth, condition, and care.

Chapter 1 Routine maintenance and Servicing

Drive chain and sprockets - check, adjustment and lubrication

Routine checks, adjustments, and lubrication for drive chain and sprockets to ensure longevity.

Spark plugs - check and adjustment

Procedure for checking spark plug condition, electrode gap, and adjustment.

Idle speed - check and adjustment

How to check and adjust engine idle speed for optimal performance.

Carburettors - synchronisation

Procedure for synchronizing carburettors to balance fuel/air mixture for each cylinder.

Air filter - cleaning

Steps for removing, cleaning, and reinstalling the air filter element.

Fuel system - check

Inspecting the fuel tank, tap, pump, and hoses for leaks or deterioration.

Engine - oil change

Step-by-step guide for changing engine oil and filter, including disposal advice.

Brake pads - wear check

How to visually check brake pad wear indicators without pad removal.

Brake system - check

Routine general check of the brake system to ensure safety and discover problems early.

Clutch - check and adjustment

Procedure for checking and adjusting clutch lever freeplay for proper operation.

Battery - check

Basic checks for battery terminals, casing, and electrolyte level (if applicable).

Wheels and tyres - general check

Visual inspection of cast alloy wheels, tyres, and valve stems for damage.

Wheel bearings - check

How to check wheel bearings for play and smooth rotation, and signs of wear.

Sidestand and cut-off switches - check

Verifying the function of sidestand and clutch cut-off switches for safety.

Nuts and bolts - tightness check

Importance of periodically checking all fasteners for proper tightness due to vibration.

Cooling system - check

Checking coolant level, system for leaks, and radiator condition.

Throttle and choke cables - check

Ensuring smooth operation of throttle and choke cables and adjusting freeplay.

Chapter 2 Engine, clutch and transmission

Specifications

Technical specifications for engine, clutch, transmission, and general data.

Camshafts

Specifications for camshaft lobe height, journal diameter, and runout.

Cylinder head

Specifications for cylinder head warpage.

Valves, guides and springs

Specifications for valve stem diameter, guide clearance, and spring dimensions.

Cylinder block

Specifications for cylinder bore, warpage, and taper.

Pistons

Specifications for piston diameter, clearances, and pin dimensions.

Piston rings

Specifications for piston ring width, thickness, end gap, and groove clearance.

Clutch

Specifications for clutch plate thickness, spring free length, and warpage.

Oil pump

Specifications for oil pump rotor clearances.

Connecting rods

Specifications for big-end side clearance and oil clearance.

Crankshaft and bearings

Specifications for main bearing oil clearance and crankshaft runout.

Transmission

Gear ratios, shaft runout, and selector fork shaft runout specifications.

Torque settings

Torque specifications for various engine, frame, and component bolts.

General information

Overview of the engine/transmission unit, lubrication system, and final drive.

Operations possible with the engine in the frame

List of maintenance tasks that can be performed without engine removal.

Operations requiring engine removal

Components and assemblies that necessitate engine removal for access.

Major engine repair - general note

Factors to consider when determining if a major engine overhaul is needed.

Engine - removal and installation

Step-by-step guide for removing and installing the engine, emphasizing safety precautions.

Valve cover - removal and installation

Procedure for removing and installing the valve cover, including gasket replacement.

Camshafts and followers - removal, inspection and installation

Detailed steps for removing, inspecting, and reinstalling camshafts and followers.

Starter clutch and idle/reduction gear - removal, inspection and installation

Procedures for removing, inspecting, and installing the starter clutch and idle/reduction gear.

Gearchange mechanism external components - removal, inspection and installation

Steps for removing, inspecting, and installing gearchange mechanism external components.

Oil pumps - removal, inspection and installation

Guide for removing, inspecting, and reinstalling the engine's oil pumps.

Oil tank - removal and installation (1996-on TDM models and all TRX models)

Procedures for removing and installing the oil tank for specific models.

Oil sump, oil strainer and pressure relief valve - removal, inspection and installation

Steps for removing, inspecting, and installing the oil sump, strainer, and relief valve.

Balancer shafts - removal, inspection and installation

Procedures for removing, inspecting, and installing balancer shafts.

Crankcase halves - separation and reassembly

Detailed steps for splitting and reassembling the crankcase halves.

Main and connecting rod bearings - general information

General information on main and connecting rod bearings and factors affecting their life.

Connecting rods - removal, inspection and installation

Procedures for removing, inspecting, and installing connecting rods.

Crankshaft and main bearings - removal, inspection and installation

Steps for removing, inspecting, and installing the crankshaft and main bearings.

Transmission shafts and bearings - removal and installation

Procedures for removing, inspecting, and installing transmission shafts and bearings.

Selector drum and forks - removal, inspection and installation

Steps for removing, inspecting, and installing the selector drum and forks.

Initial start-up after overhaul

Procedure for starting the engine after overhaul, including checks and running-in.

Recommended running-in procedure

Guidance on the proper running-in procedure for new or overhauled engines.

Chapter 3 Cooling system

Specifications

Specifications for coolant, radiator, fan switch, sensor, thermostat, and torque settings.

Coolant

Details on coolant mixture type and capacity.

Radiator

Specification for radiator cap valve opening pressure.

Fan switch

Specifications for cooling fan cut-in and cut-out temperatures.

Coolant temperature sensor

Resistance specifications for coolant temperature sensors at various temperatures.

Thermostat

Specifications for thermostat opening temperature and valve lift.

Torque settings

Torque specifications for cooling system components.

General information

Overview of the cooling system's function, components, and operation.

Coolant reservoir - removal and installation

Steps for removing and installing the coolant reservoir, including draining.

Cooling fan and cooling fan switch - check and renewal

Procedures for checking and renewing the cooling fan motor and fan switch.

Coolant temperature gauge/warning light and sender - check and renewal

How to check and renew the coolant temperature gauge, warning light, and sender.

Thermostat housing and thermostat - removal, check and installation

Steps for removing, checking, and installing the thermostat housing and thermostat.

Radiator - removal and installation

Procedures for removing and installing the radiator, including draining and cleaning.

Water pump - check, removal and installation

How to check, remove, and install the water pump assembly.

Coolant hoses - removal and installation

Steps for removing and installing coolant hoses, including clamp and union checks.

Chapter 4 Fuel and exhaust systems

Specifications

Specifications for fuel grade, tank capacity, reserve, and tyre information.

Fuel

Details on fuel grade and tank capacity including reserve volumes.

Carburettors

Type, ID mark, pilot screw setting, fuel level, idle speed, jet sizes, and needle specifications.

Carburettor jet sizes

Specific main jet, main air jet, jet needle, needle jet, and pilot air jet sizes.

Fuel level sender

Resistance specifications for the fuel level sender at full and empty tank states.

Torque settings

Torque specifications for exhaust system components.

General Information and precautions

Overview of the fuel system and general safety precautions for working with fuel.

Fuel tank and fuel tap(s) - removal and installation

Procedures for removing and installing the fuel tank and fuel tap(s) on various models.

Air filter housing - removal and installation

Steps for removing and installing the air filter housing.

Idle fuel/air mixture adjustment - general information

Information on adjusting idle fuel/air mixture for emission control.

Carburettor overhaul - general information

General information on when carburettor overhaul might be required and preparatory steps.

Carburettors - removal and installation

Step-by-step guide for removing and installing the carburettors.

Carburettors - cleaning and inspection

Procedures for disassembling, cleaning, and inspecting carburettor components.

Fuel tank - cleaning and repair

Recommendations for professional cleaning and repair of the fuel tank.

Fuel pump - check and renewal

Procedures for checking and renewing the fuel pump.

Chapter 5 Ignition system

Specifications

General, ignition timing, pick-up coil, HT coils, and spark plug specifications.

General information

Overview of the transistorized electronic ignition system components and safety precautions.

Ignition system - check

Steps to check the ignition system for faults by testing components and wiring.

Ignition HT coils - check, removal and installation

Procedures for checking, removing, and installing the ignition HT coils.

Pick-up coil - check and replacement

How to check and replace the pick-up coil, including stator removal if necessary.

Ignitor unit - check, removal and installation

Steps for checking, removing, and installing the ignitor unit; dealer testing recommended for faults.

Ignition timing - general information and check

Information on ignition timing and how to check it dynamically using a stroboscope.

Throttle position sensor (1996-on TDM and TRX) - check, adjustment and replacement

Procedures for checking, adjusting, and replacing the throttle position sensor.

Chapter 6 Frame, suspension and final drive

Specifications

Specifications for front forks (oil type, capacity, level, spring length) and rear suspension components.

Front forks

Specifications for front fork oil type, capacity, level, and spring length.

Rear suspension

Specifications for shock absorber spring free length and swingarm dimensions.

Swingarm - XTZ models

Specifications for swingarm side clearance and bearing spacer lengths.

Final drive chain

Chain size, number of links, freeplay, and lubricant specifications.

Torque settings

Torque specifications for frame, suspension, and final drive components.

General information

Overview of frame types, front and rear suspension systems, and drive mechanism.

Footrests, brake pedal and gearchange lever - removal and installation

Procedures for removing and installing footrests, brake pedal, and gearchange lever.

Frame - inspection and repair

Guidelines for inspecting the frame for damage and potential repair methods.

Brake pedal

Steps for removing and installing the brake pedal, including adjustment checks.

Gearchange lever

Procedures for removing and installing the gearchange lever assembly.

Sidestand - removal and installation

Steps for removing and installing the sidestand, including spring checks.

Handlebars and levers - removal and installation

Procedures for removing and installing handlebars, levers, and associated controls.

Forks - disassembly, inspection and reassembly

Detailed steps for disassembling, inspecting, and reassembling front forks.

Steering stem - removal and installation

Procedures for removing and installing the steering stem, including bearing checks.

Steering head bearings - inspection and replacement

How to inspect and replace steering head bearings, including proper lubrication.

Rear shock absorber - removal, inspection and installation

Steps for removing, inspecting, and installing the rear shock absorber.

Rear suspension linkage (TRX and XTZ models) - removal, inspection and installation

Procedures for removing, inspecting, and installing rear suspension linkage components.

Suspension - adjustments

Adjusting front fork spring pre-load and damping, and rear shock absorber settings.

Swingarm - inspection and bearing replacement

Inspecting the swingarm for wear and replacing bearings and bushes.

Drive chain - removal, cleaning and installation

Steps for removing, cleaning, and installing the drive chain.

Riveted link type chain

Information on identifying and working with riveted link chains.

Sprockets - check and replacement

How to check sprocket wear and replace front and rear sprockets.

Rear sprocket coupling/rubber dampers - check and replacement

Inspecting and replacing the rear sprocket coupling and rubber dampers.

Chapter 7 Brakes, wheels and tyres

Specifications

Specifications for brake fluid, pad wear limit, caliper bore, disc thickness, master cylinder bore, and tyre information.

Brakes

Specifications related to brake fluid, pads, discs, calipers, and master cylinders.

Wheels

Specifications for wheel runout and tyre pressures.

Tyres

Information on tyre pressures and specifications for different models.

Torque settings

Torque specifications for brake components and wheels.

General information

Overview of the brake system, tyre types, and general precautions.

Brake pads - replacement

Step-by-step guide for replacing brake pads, including safety warnings about asbestos.

Brake calipers - removal, overhaul and installation

Procedures for removing, overhauling, and installing brake calipers, with safety warnings.

Brake discs - inspection, removal and installation

How to inspect brake discs for wear and damage, and procedures for removal and installation.

Front brake master cylinder - removal, overhaul and installation

Steps for removing, overhauling, and installing the front brake master cylinder.

Rear brake master cylinder - removal, overhaul and installation

Procedures for removing, overhauling, and installing the rear brake master cylinder.

Brake hoses, pipes and unions - inspection and replacement

How to inspect and replace brake hoses, pipes, and unions, including banjo bolt torque.

Brake system - bleeding

Process for removing air bubbles from the brake system after component replacement or fluid change.

Wheels - inspection and repair

Guidelines for inspecting wheels for damage, runout, and alignment.

Wheel bearings - removal, inspection and installation

Steps for removing, inspecting, and installing wheel bearings, including lubrication.

Front wheel bearings

Procedures for removing, inspecting, and installing front wheel bearings.

Rear wheel bearings

Steps for checking and replacing rear wheel bearings, including selection and installation.

Sprocket coupling bearing

How to check and replace the bearing in the sprocket coupling.

Tyres - general information and fitting

General information on tyres and recommendations for fitting new tyres.

Chapter 8 Bodywork

Degrees of difficulty

Classification of tasks based on difficulty level for mechanics.

General information

Overview of the chapter content and general advice for working with body parts.

Seat - removal and installation

Procedures for removing and installing the rider's and passenger's seats on various models.

Side covers - removal and installation

Steps for removing and installing side covers on TDM, TRX, and XTZ models.

Fairing - removal and installation

Procedures for removing and installing the fairing and associated components on TDM and TRX models.

Front mudguard - removal and installation

Steps for removing and installing the front mudguard.

Chapter 9 Electrical system

Specifications

Specifications for battery capacity, voltage, charging system, alternator output, starter motor, and fuses.

Battery - charging

Guidance on charging the battery, including recommended rates and emergency procedures.

Battery - removal, installation, inspection and maintenance

Procedures for removing, installing, inspecting, and maintaining the battery.

Electrical system - fault finding

General approach to diagnosing electrical system faults and necessary tools.

Fuses - check and renewal

How to check for blown fuses and replace them with the correct rating.

Lighting system - check

Checking the operation of headlights, tail lights, brake lights, and turn signals.

Headlight bulb and auxiliary light bulb - renewal

Procedures for renewing headlight and auxiliary light bulbs, including handling precautions.

Ignition system - check

Steps to check the ignition system for faults by testing components and wiring.

Ignition timing - general information and check

Information on ignition timing and how to check it dynamically using a stroboscope.

Throttle position sensor (1996-on TDM and TRX) - check, adjustment and replacement

Procedures for checking, adjusting, and replacing the throttle position sensor.

Starter motor - removal and installation

Steps for removing and installing the starter motor, including brush and commutator checks.

Starter motor - disassembly, inspection and reassembly

Detailed procedures for disassembling, inspecting, and reassembling the starter motor.

Charging system testing - general information and precautions

General information and precautions for testing the charging system.

Charging system - leakage and output test

Procedures for testing charging system leakage and output voltage.

Alternator - check, removal and installation

Steps to check, remove, and install the alternator stator coil assembly.

Regulator/rectifier - check and replacement

How to check and replace the regulator/rectifier unit; dealer testing recommended.

Horn - check and replacement

Procedures for checking and replacing the horn assembly.

Turn signal bulbs - renewal

Steps for renewing turn signal bulbs, including lens and socket checks.

Turn signal assemblies - removal and installation

Procedures for removing and installing turn signal assemblies.

Brake light switches - check and replacement

How to check and replace the front and rear brake light switches.

Instrument cluster and speedometer cable - removal and installation

Steps for removing and installing the instrument cluster and speedometer cable.

Neutral switch - check, removal and installation

Procedures for checking, removing, and installing the neutral switch.

Sidestand switch - check and replacement

How to check and replace the sidestand switch, including continuity tests.

Clutch switch - check and replacement

Procedures for checking and replacing the clutch switch, including continuity tests.

Diode (XTZ models) - check and replacement

How to check and replace the diode on XTZ models.

Starter circuit cut-off relay - check and replacement

Procedures for checking and replacing the starter circuit cut-off relay.

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