154 CHAPTER 6: IP ROUTING PROTOCOL OPERATION
[Switch C-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 197.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[Switch C-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]vlink-peer 2.2.2.2
[Switch C-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]quit
[Switch C-ospf-1]area 2
[Switch C-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 152.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
Troubleshooting OSPF OSPF has been configured in accordance with the above-mentioned steps, but
OSPF does not run normally on the router
Troubleshooting locally: Check whether the protocol between two directly
connected routers is operating normally. The normal sign is the peer state machine
between the two routers reaching the FULL state.
On a broadcast or NBMA network, if the interfaces for two routers are in DROther
state, the peer state machine for the two routers are in 2-way state, instead of
FULL state. The peer state machine between DR/BDR and all the other routers is in
FULL state.
■ Execute the display ospf peer command to view neighbors.
■ Execute the display ospf interface command to view OSPF information in
the interface.
■ Use the ping command to check whether the physical link and the lower level
protocol are normal. If the local router cannot ping the peer router, this
indicates that faults have occurred on the physical link and the lower level
protocol.
■ If the physical link and the lower level protocol are normal, please check the
OSPF parameters configured on the interface. The parameters should be the
same parameters configured on the router adjacent to the interface. The same
area ID should be used, and the networks and the masks should also be
consistent. (The P2P or virtually linked segment can have different segments
and masks.)
■ Ensure that the dead timer on the same interface is at least four times the value
of the hello timer.
■ If the network type is NBMA, the peer must be manually specified, using the
peer ip-address command.
■ If the network type is broadcast or NBMA, there must be at least one interface
with a priority greater than zero.
■ If an area is set as the STUB area to which the routers are connected, the area
on these routers must be also set as the STUB area.
■ The same interface type must be adopted for neighboring routers.
■ If more than two areas are configured, at least one area should be configured
as the backbone area with an ID of 0.
■ Ensure the backbone area connects with all other areas.
■ The virtual links cannot pass through the STUB area.
Troubleshooting globally: If OSPF cannot discover the remote routes and you
have checked all troubleshooting items listed above, check the following
configurations:
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