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Alcatel OmniSwitch 6624 User Manual

Alcatel OmniSwitch 6624
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OmniSwitch Troubleshooting Guide September 2005 i
Part No. 031496-00, Rev. C
September 2005
OmniSwitch 6624/6648/
6800/7700/7800/8800
Troubleshooting Guide
www.alcatel.com

Table of Contents

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Alcatel OmniSwitch 6624 Specifications

General IconGeneral
ManageableYes
Jumbo Frame SupportYes
Power DeviceInternal power supply
Voltage RequiredAC 120/230 V (50/60 Hz)
Uplink Ports2 x SFP (mini-GBIC)
MAC Address Table Size16K entries
Routing ProtocolOSPF, RIP, RIP-2, VRRP, IGMP, PIM-SM, PIM-DM
Remote Management ProtocolSNMP 1, RMON 1, RMON 2, RMON 3, RMON 9, Telnet, SNMP 3, SNMP 2c, HTTP, TFTP, CLI
Authentication MethodRADIUS, TACACS+
FeaturesFlow control, VLAN support, BOOTP support, IGMP snooping, DiffServ support, IPv6 support
Compliant StandardsIEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.3u, IEEE 802.3z, IEEE 802.1D, IEEE 802.1Q, IEEE 802.1p, IEEE 802.1w, IEEE 802.1s, IEEE 802.1X, IEEE 802.3ad
Operating Temperature0 - 50°C
Storage Temperature-40 to 158 °F (-40 to 70 °C)
Humidity10 - 95% (non-condensing)

Summary

Troubleshooting the Switch System

Introduction

Overview of the Chassis Management Module (CMM) and its role in troubleshooting.

Troubleshooting System for OS-6624/6648 and OS-7/8XXX

Steps to verify the overall health of the switch by checking CMM and NI status.

Advanced Troubleshooting

Details on using systrace for diagnosing problems by tracking system processes.

Dshell Troubleshooting

Using Dshell commands to diagnose task consuming CPU on the CMM and NI.

Troubleshooting IPC on OS-6/7/8XXX Series of Switches

Diagnosing Inter-Process Communication (IPC) issues, including buffer pools and task analysis.

Port Numbering Conversion Overview

Documenting how to convert port number parameters between different platform types.

Troubleshooting Switched Ethernet Connectivity

Overview of Troubleshooting Approach

General steps for troubleshooting switched Ethernet connectivity.

Verify Physical Layer Connectivity

Checking link lights and interface status to verify physical layer connectivity.

Verify Current Running Configuration

Verifying the switch's current running configuration for accuracy.

Verify Source Learning

Examining source learning to identify issues with MAC address learning.

Verify Switch Health

Checking switch health to identify variables that might cause forwarding problems.

Verify ARP

Checking for ARP problems by verifying static MAC addresses and connectivity.

Using the Log File

Analyzing system log files for messages indicating system or interface problems.

Troubleshooting Source Learning

Introduction

Explains the basic process of source learning and MAC address entry.

Troubleshooting a Source Learning Problem

Verifying physical link, VLAN membership, and MAC address table learning.

Advanced Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting source learning problems related to traffic coming from a port.

Dshell Troubleshooting

Using Dshell commands to verify pseudo-CAM entries for MAC address learning.

Troubleshooting Spanning Tree

Introduction

Explains the purpose of spanning tree for physical redundancy and dynamic fail-over.

Troubleshooting Spanning Tree

Verifying STP configuration, topology changes, and timers for LAN issues.

Dshell

Verifying NI health and CMM perspective for STP configuration.

Generic Troubleshooting in Dshell

Details on using Dshell commands like stp_help and event traces.

CMM Spanning Tree Traces

Analyzing CMM Spanning Tree traces using stpCMM_traceprint command.

Troubleshooting BOOTP/DHCP/UDP Relay

Starting the Troubleshooting Procedure

Key ingredients for troubleshooting: Network Diagram and OSI Model.

Advanced Troubleshooting for UDP Relay

Monitoring UDP traffic using debug ip packet protocol udp CLI command.

Dshell

Using Dshell commands for UDP Relay debug sessions.

Troubleshooting DNS

Introduction

Explains the primary function of DNS for name resolution to IP addresses.

Troubleshooting a DNS Failure

Steps to diagnose DNS resolution failures, including IP connectivity and name resolution.

DNS Configuration Considerations

Discusses limitations on domain name entry and number of DNS servers.

Troubleshooting Link Aggregation

Link Aggregation Limits and Guidelines

Considers limits for static link aggregation groups and NI module optimization.

Troubleshooting a Link Aggregation Failure

Verifying configuration of ports and aggregates, and checking spanning tree status.

Advanced Link Aggregation Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting link aggregate software recognition of slices and port status.

6800 Link Aggregation Debug Functions

Lists functions available for Link Aggregation debugging on the NI.

Troubleshooting 802.1Q

Troubleshooting 802.1Q

Investigating 802.1Q feature and configuration, and Ethernet connectivity.

Advanced Troubleshooting

Verifying 802.1Q configuration from CMM perspective using debug 802.1q.

Dshell Commands

Using Dshell commands to verify 802.1Q port configurations.

Troubleshooting Group Mobility

Troubleshooting a VLAN Mobility Failure

Checklist for determining the source of VLAN mobility failures.

Advanced Troubleshooting

Verifying port candidacy for mobility and protocol indicator map.

6800 Group Mobility Troubleshooting

Commands and debugging functions for Group Mobility troubleshooting on NI.

Troubleshooting QoS

QoS Behavior

Understanding default behaviors and limitations of QoS.

Troubleshooting QoS

Steps for gathering information and starting QoS troubleshooting.

Example QoS Rules

Demonstrates creating rules for blocking MAC addresses and traffic shaping.

Troubleshooting ARP

ARP Protocol Failure

Troubleshooting ARP resolution failure by verifying MAC address learning.

Common Error Conditions

Lists common conditions that may exist if ARP is not resolved.

Advanced ARP Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting ARP packets by using diagnostic CLI commands.

Dshell Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting ARP cache by using Dshell commands on the NI.

Viewing the ARP Table on OmniSwitch 6624/6648 Switches

Looking at the ARP table on OS-6600 using Dshell command.

Troubleshooting IP Routing

Introduction

Explains IP Routing function of processing and forwarding Layer 3 packets.

IP Routing Protocol Failure

Diagnosing issues where a device cannot get out of the network.

Troubleshooting via the CLI

Verifying IP setup of devices in different VLANs and troubleshooting gateway issues.

Troubleshooting with Debug CLI

Using debug ip packet command to view traffic crossing the switch.

RIP Troubleshooting

Commands used to troubleshoot RIP failures and verify interface parameters.

OSPF Troubleshooting

Commands to troubleshoot OSPF failures and verify interface parameters.

BGP Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting BGP neighbor operational state and maximum-prefix settings.

Troubleshooting Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)

Protocol Information

Describes how VRRP routers exchange information, including IP and VRRP field descriptions.

OmniSwitch 7700/7800/8800 Implementation

Details OmniSwitch 7700/7800/8800 support for VRRP.

CMM Failover

Explains VRRP behavior during CMM takeover and hot swap.

OmniSwitch VRRP Troubleshooting

Commands to troubleshoot VRRP issues.

ARP Table

Shows the ARP table of the Master Router and illustrates VRRP master switch.

Dshell Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting VRRP flapping by using Dshell commands.

Troubleshooting IP Multicast Switching (IPMS)

Troubleshooting a Device that Cannot Join an IP Multicast Stream

Verifying Layer 2/Layer 3 connectivity and multicast group membership.

Troubleshooting a Device that Drops Out of an IP Multicast Stream

Checking if Expiry timer reaches zero or if policies prevent multicast traffic.

Troubleshooting IPMS in Debug CLI

Viewing traffic traversing the switch using debug ip packet show-multicast.

Dshell Troubleshooting

Using IPMS application shell to verify specific data displayed on CLI.

Troubleshooting DVMRP

Introduction

Explains DVMRP as a Dense Mode Multicast Routing Protocol for LAN environments.

DVMRP Troubleshooting

Verifying IP multicast switching is working properly.

DVMRP Global and Interface Commands

Details commands for checking DVMRP admin status, intervals, and routes.

DVMRP Debug Commands

Using DVMRP debug commands to analyze protocol operations.

Troubleshooting PIM-SM

Introduction

Explains PIM-SM architecture for efficient multicast routing in wide area Internets.

Definition of Terms

Defines key terms like Bootstrap Router (BSR), Designated Router (DR), and Rendezvous Point (RP).

Protocol Overview

Describes DR Election, Hello Message Format, and Debugging Hello Messages.

BSR Election

Explains the process of electing a Bootstrap Router (BSR).

C-RP Advertisements

Describes Candidate-RPs advertisements unicast to the BSR.

RP-SET

Contains RP-SET IP addresses that participate as RP for multicast group.

Join/Prune

Explains Join/Prune messages sent by DR to join or prune branches of multicast tree.

Register

Describes how source starts transmitting to multicast group, DR encapsulates data to RP.

Shared Tree

Explains shared distribution tree formed around RP.

Source-Based Tree

Explains how DR builds a Shortest Path Tree (SPT).

Troubleshooting Examples: Limitations

Covers incorrect BSR ID and limitations like multicast group status.

Troubleshooting Server Load Balancing

Introduction

Brief understanding of Server Load Balancing (SLB) functions.

Server Load Balance Failure

Identifies SLB failures in complete or partial service.

What is an SLB Failure?

Describes SLB failures appearing in two forms: complete and partial service.

Description of a Complete Failure of Service

Loss of connectivity to all servers for all users, verified by pinging VIP.

Description of a Partial Failure of Service

Traffic distribution rules not adhered to, but cluster connectivity is still present.

Troubleshooting Commands

Lists commands used for troubleshooting SLB problems.

Troubleshooting a Complete Failure

Steps for gathering information and characterizing a complete SLB failure.

Troubleshooting a Partial Failure

Determining SLB configuration to identify misconfigurations.

The Troubleshooting Procedure

Procedure for narrowing down SLB problems on 7700/7800/8800 product line.

Troubleshooting Authenticated VLANs

Introduction

Understanding authentication works in the switch and Radius/DHCP server.

Troubleshooting AVLAN

Diagnosing DHCP request failures and authentication failures.

Useful Notes on Client Issues

Notes on client issues related to telnet authentication manual IP release and renew.

Troubleshooting Using Debug Systrace

Capturing debug information using systrace commands.

Dshell Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting AVLAN using Dshell commands and AD Debugging Help.

Troubleshooting 802.1X

Troubleshooting with the CLI

Verifying Radius and Accounting ports, and port configuration for 802.1x authentication.

Troubleshooting Using Debug CLI

Using debug ip packet protocol udp command to monitor traffic.

Dshell Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting 802.1X using Dshell commands to verify configurations.

OS6600/OS7700/OS8800 Architecture Overview

The MAC ASIC

Describes Catalina and Firenze ASICs, their functions and interfaces.

Queue Driver Interaction

Explains interactions between Queue Driver and other software modules.

Link Aggregation

Describes how ports are aggregated into groups and Coronado tables.

Coronado Tables

Details Layer 2 Tables (L2-SA, L2-DA) and Layer 3 Tables.

Source Learning

Explains how Coronado ASIC is an ingress classifier for Layer 2 lookups.

Hardware Routing Engine (HRE)

Manages Coronado HRE resources for IP and IPX packet classification and forwarding.

QoS/Policy Manager

Describes interaction between QoS Manager and Queue Driver.

Coronado Egress Logic

Explains how Coronado handles packet egress processing.

The Fabric Architecture

Describes ASIC switching fabric functionality and backplane connections.

Nantucket ASIC

Details Nantucket ASICs' support, specifications, and messages.

Roma

Describes Roma ASICs, fabric slices, and SFM elements.

Chassis Management Module (CMM)

Controls major functionality and synchronization between components.

Packet Walk

Explains packet processing principles on ingress and egress.

Specific Packet Flows

Details data flow for unknown L2 source, known L2 destination, and unknown L2 DA.

Unknown Destination

Explains packet processing for unknown L2 Destination and L3 DA.

OS6624/6648 Architecture

Key features of OmniSwitch 6XXX stackable version.

CMM Functionality for OS6600

Describes CMM functionality for OS6600, including modes and restrictions.

OS6600 IPC Communication

Explains IPC services provided by IPC software interface.

OS6600 BOOT Sequence

Illustrates the bootup process for OS6600.

Debug Commands

802.1Q Debug Commands

Debug commands for 802.1Q.

DVMRP Debug Commands

Debug commands for DVMRP.

IP Debug Commands

Debug commands for IP packet.

DHCP Relay Debug Commands

Debug commands for DHCP Relay.

Multicast Routing Debug Commands

Debug commands for Multicast Routing.

OSPF Debug Commands

Debug commands for OSPF.

PIM-SM Debug Commands

Debug commands for PIM-SM.

RIP Debug Commands

Debug commands for RIP.

Trap Debug Commands

Debug commands for trap.

Technical Support Commands

Modifying Files with VI Editor

Useful VI Commands

Lists common and useful VI commands for text editing.

Sample VI Session

Example of using VI editor to modify the boot.params file.

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