A stepper motor is a type of motor in which the shaft of the motor rotates in
steps. The stepper motor is a brushless DC motor. The step-by-step
movement enables the shaft to be positioned very precisely without position
feedback.
All electric motors consist of a rotor and stator. In stepper motors, the rotor
is a permanent magnet surrounded by the coils of the stator as standard. In
order for the rotor to turn, we have to switch the coils of the stator on and off
in a certain sequence. When current flows through the coils of the stator, an
electromagnetic field is created, which turns the rotor in the direction of the
electromagnetic field.
There are three different types of stepper motors according to their design:
" Permanent magnet stepper motors,
" Stepper motors with variable reluctance and
" Hybrid synchronous stepper motors.
(we will not cover stepper motor designs in this eBook)
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