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Information on ESD (Electrostatic Discharge)
Please note that jacks marked with the ESD warning label must not
be touched.
ESD protective measures:
– Do not touch plugs/jacks marked with the ESD warning label with fingers!
– Do not touch plugs/jacks marked with the ESD warning label with hand-
held tools!
Further explanations on the ESD warning label, as well as possible training
courses and their contents, are available on request from the customer
service department.
3. Current parameters
Electrical stimulation machines operate with the following current settings,
which will alter the stimulation effect depending on the setting.
3.1 Pulse shape
This describes the time function of the excitation current.
whereby monophase pulse trains are differentiated from
biphase. In monophase pulse trains the current flows in
one direction, in biphase pulse trains the excitation cur-
rent changes direction.
In the Digital TENS/EMS unit, there are only biphase pulse
trains, as they reduce the strain on the muscle, leading to
less muscle fatigue as well as safer application.
3.2 Pulse frequency
Frequency indicates the number of individual pulses per
second, and is indicated in Hz (Hertz). It can be calculated
by working out the inverse value of the periodic time. The
respective frequency determines which types of muscle
fibre preferably react. Slow-response fibres tend to react to lower pulse fre-
quencies up to 15 Hz, while fast-response fibres only respond to frequencies
over approx. 35 Hz.
With pulses of approx. 45–70 Hz, there is permanent tension in the muscle
combined with premature muscle fatigue. Higher pulse frequencies can
therefore preferably be used for elasticity and maximum strength training.
3.3 Pulse width
Pulse width is used to indicate the duration of an indi-
vidual pulse in microseconds. Pulse width also determines
the pene tration depth of the current whereby in general,
the following applies: a greater muscle mass requires a
greater pulse width.
3.4 Pulse intensity
Setting the degree of intensity is individually dependent on
the subjective feeling of each individual user and is deter-
mined by a number of parameters such as application site,
skin circulation, skin thickness as well as quality of electrode contact. The actual
setting should be effective but should never produce any unpleasant sensations
such as pain at the site of application. While a slight tingling sensation indicates
sufficient stimulation energy, any setting which leads to pain must be avoided.
With prolonged application, readjustment may be necessary due to time
adjustment processes at the site of application.
3.5 Cycle-controlled pulse parameter variation
In many cases it is necessary to cover the entirety of tissue structures at the
site of application by using several pulse parameters. With the Digital TENS/
EMS unit, this is done by the existing programmes automatically making a
cyclical pulse parameter change. This also prevents individual muscle groups
at the site of application from getting tired.
With the Digital TENS/EMS unit there are useful presettings for current
para meters. During the application, however, you do have the possibility of
changing pulse intensity at any time and, with individual programmes, you
can also alter pulse frequency beforehand in order implement the application
which is the most comfortable or promises the most success for you.
pulse
intensity
monophase pulses
time
biphase pulses
periodic
time
Pulse width
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