%*#26'46417$.'5*116+0)
6%2+26TQWDNGUJQQVKPI
+H[QWCTGWUKPI6%2+2CPFECPPQVRTKPVVQVJGRTKPVUGTXGTCPF[QWJCXGEJGEMGFVJG
JCTFYCTGCPFPGVYQTMCUFGUETKDGFKPVJGRTGXKQWUUVGRUVJGPEJGEMVJGHQNNQYKPI
016'
+VKUCNYC[UCIQQFKFGCVQVT[VJGHQNNQYKPIKPQTFGTVQGNKOKPCVGVJGRQUUKDKNKV[QHUGVWRGTTQTU
• 6WTPQHHVJGRTKPVGTCPFVJGPCICKP
• &GNGVGCPFTGETGCVGVJGRTKPVUGTXGTCPFETGCVGCPGYRTKPVSWGWGKPQTFGTVQGNKOKPCVGVJG
RQUUKDKNKV[QHUGVWRGTTQTU
6JGRTQDNGOOC[DGVJGTGUWNVQHOKUOCVEJGFQTFWRNKECVG+2CFFTGUU8GTKH[VJCVVJG+2
CFFTGUUKUEQTTGEVN[NQCFGFKPVQVJGRTKPVUGTXGTXKCVJGEQPHKIWTCVKQPRCIG/CMGUWTG
VJCVPQQVJGTPQFGUQPVJGPGVYQTMJCXGVJKUCFFTGUU&72.+%#6'+2#&&4'55#4'
6*'$+))'56%#75'1(6%2+224+06+0)241$.'/5
+H[QWWUGF$4%10(+)VQGPVGTVJG+2CFFTGUUOCMGUWTGVJCV[QWGZKVGFVJGTGOQVG
EQPUQNGRTQRGTN[YKVJC%64.&QT':+6CPFVJCV[QWVWTPGFVJGRTKPVGTQHHCPFVJGPCICKP
KVOC[VCMGWRVQVYQOKPWVGUHQTVJG+2CFFTGUUVQVCMGGHHGEV
/CMGUWTGVJCVVJG6%2+2RTQVQEQNQHVJGRTKPVUGTXGTKUGPCDNGF
+H[QWWUGFTCTROCMGUWTGVJCV[QWUVCTVGFVJGTCTRFCGOQPQPCP[YQTMUVCVKQPWUKPI
VJGTCTRFTCTRFCQTGSWKXCNGPVEQOOCPF8GTKH[VJCVVJG/etc/ethersHKNGEQPVCKPUVJG
EQTTGEV'VJGTPGVCFFTGUUCPFVJCVVJGRTKPVUGTXGTPCOGOCVEJGUVJGPCOGKPVJG
/etc/hostsHKNG
+H[QWWUGFDQQVROCMGUWTGVJCV[QWUVCTVGFVJGDQQVRFGCOQPQPCP[70+:YQTMUVCVKQP
CPFDQQVRKUGPCDNGFKGVJGőŒKUTGOQXGFHTQOVJGDQQVRGPVT[KPVJGGVEDQQVRVCDHKNG
KUEQTTGEVN[EQPHKIWTGF
#NUQXGTKH[VJCVJQUVEQORWVGTCPFVJGRTKPVUGTXGTCTGQPVJGUCOGUWDPGVKHVJGRTKPVGTKU
QPCFKHHGTGPVUWDPGVOCMGUWTGVJCVVJGTQWVGTKUEQPHKIWTGFEQTTGEVN[CPFGPUWTGVJCVVJG
)#6'9#;CFFTGUUKUEQPHKIWTGFVQOCVEJVJG+2CFFTGUUQHVJGTQWVGT
70+:6TQWDNGUJQQVKPI
/CMGUWTGVJCVVJG/etc/printcapHKNGKHCRRNKECDNGKUV[RGFKPEQTTGEVN[+PRCTVKEWNCT
NQQMHQTOKUUKPICPF>EJCTCEVGTUDGECWUGCUOCNNGTTQTCP[YJGTGKPVJGHKNGECPJCXG
OCLQTEQPUGSWGPEGU#NUQEJGEMVJG/usr/spoolFKTGEVQT[VQOCMGUWTGVJCV[QWJCXG
ETGCVGFCXCNKFURQQNFKTGEVQT[
+H[QWCTGWUKPIC.KPWZQRGTCVKPIU[UVGOVJG:9KPFQY2TKPVVQQNRTQITCOVJCVKU
KPENWFGFYKVJ.KPWZOC[PQVRTQRGTN[EQPHKIWTGVJGGVERTKPVECRHKNGHQTNRFQRGTCVKQPVJGP
[QWOKIJVCNUQGFKVVJGGVERTKPVECRHKNGCPFEJCPIGVJGHQNNQYKPINKPGKPVJGGPVT[HQTVJG
RTKPVGT
KH
:lp = /dev/null: \
VJGPVQ
:lp = :\
+H[QWCTGWUKPIC$GTMGNG[DCUGF70+:OCMGUWTGVJCVVJGFCGOQPKUUVCTVGFQP
$GTMGNG[DCUGFU[UVGOUYKVJVJGEQOOCPFNREUVCTVRTKPVGTYJGTGRTKPVGTKUVJGPCOGQH
VJGNQECNRTKPVSWGWG