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FLIGHT & OPERATION MANUAL ESQUAL VM-1
Page 38of 54
It is recommended to make full circuits to have enough time to configure the aircraft for landing.
Slow down when in downwind till 130 km/h. You then can lower the flaps to 20 degrees. Slow
further down below 110 km/h for higher flap setting, if needed.
Land the aircraft with 20 degrees flaps in gusty or cross winds. Full flaps for short runways. In
other cases use the flaps depending on the necessity.
Fly the straight final at 1.3 V
S
being approx.110 km/h pending the gross weight of the aircraft.
Don’t forget “an aircraft ALWAYS stalls at the same ANGLE OF ATTACK, never at the
same speed”
Increase speed with 10%, when flying in rain.
Bear in mind, that the DRAG increases with the flap setting and that you have to adjust power
settings accordingly to avoid too pronounced descent rates.
In gusty wind conditions it is recommended to adapt your approach speed in regard to the value
of the gust difference.
Make the difference between gust and steady wind velocity, divide by two and add this value to
your approach speed.
Wind 260/15 km/h
Gust 260/25 km/h
Difference 25 km/h – 15 km/h = 10 km/h
Divide by two 10 km/h : 2 = 5 km/h
Approach 95 km/h + 5 km/h = 100 km/h
5.13 DOWNWIND
Be sure that the passenger already is briefed about your intentions and to keep clear of controls.
Fuel pump ON
Throttle Retard, keep in mind carburettor heater when in potential icing
conditions
Flaps 20 degrees below 124 km/h
Trim Trim A/C for horizontal flight
5.14 BASE LEG
Throttle Retard for speed 110 km/h and start descent
Trim Trim for glide path
Straight final
Speed Trim speed to 110 km/h until reaching threshold (IF using full flaps
set the speed at 95km/h)
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