Garmin GDL 90 User Manual

GDL 90 UAT Data Link Sensor
Installation Manual
October 2006
560-1049-02 Rev. B

Garmin GDL 90 Specifications

General

Brand	Garmin
Model	GDL 90
Category	Accessories
Language	English

Summary

GDL 90 UAT Data Link Sensor Installation Manual

History of Revisions

Ordering Information

General Information

About This Manual

Details manual purpose, organization, scope, and reference documents.

Manual Organization

Describes the structure and content of the manual's sections and appendices.

Equipment Description

Describes the GDL 90 unit, its features, and system interfaces.

Features

Lists key capabilities of the GDL 90 UAT Data Link Sensor.

System Interfaces

Outlines the various interfaces the GDL 90 supports for system integration.

Specifications

Provides detailed electrical, physical, environmental, and performance specs.

Electrical Specifications

Details input voltage and current requirements for the GDL 90.

Physical Specifications

Provides dimensions and weight for the GDL 90 unit and mounting tray.

Environmental Specifications

Specifies operating temperature, humidity, altitude, and other environmental limits.

GPS/WAAS Receiver Performance

Details TSO compliance, channels, frequency, sensitivity, and accuracy.

UAT Performance

Specifies UAT TSO compliance, transmit power, frequency tolerance, and data rate.

Avionics Interfaces

Lists supported avionics interfaces including annunciator outputs and serial data.

Antenna Requirements

Specifies requirements for GPS and UAT antennas compatible with the GDL 90.

GPS Antennas

Identifies compatible Garmin AT GPS antennas and their specifications.

Regulatory Compliance

Details TSO, FCC, and other regulatory compliance information.

TSO and Advisory Circular References

Lists relevant TSO standards and Advisory Circulars for the GDL 90.

TSO Authorization

Summarizes TSO authorization for UAT Transceiver and GPS/WAAS functions.

TSO Deviations

Lists deviations granted for TSO-C145a and TSO-C154 compliance.

FCC Grant of Equipment Authorization

States the GDL 90 has an FCC Grant of Equipment Authorization.

GDL 90 STC Authorization

Refers to product CD for data regarding GDL 90 STC authorization.

Unpacking the Equipment

Instructions for carefully unpacking and inspecting the GDL 90 equipment.

Package Contents

Lists the items included in the GDL 90 installation package.

Definitions & Acronyms

Provides definitions for terms and acronyms used in the manual.

Installation

Pre-Installation Information

Covers FAA practices, electrical load analysis, and guidance material for installation.

Installation Overview

Covers planning, mounting location, and wiring harness preparation.

Materials Not Supplied

Lists materials required for installation but not included in the kit.

Special Tools Required

Identifies necessary crimp tools and other special tools for installation.

Equipment Mounting

Details considerations for mounting the GDL 90 and its tray.

Cabling and Wiring

Provides guidelines for routing and securing cables and wiring for the GDL 90.

Mounting Tray Installation

Details installation of the mounting tray, including location and fastener requirements.

Unit Insertion & Removal

Describes the procedure for inserting and removing the GDL 90 unit from its tray.

Antenna Installation and Connections

Details requirements for installing and connecting GPS and UAT antennas.

GPS Antenna

Covers GPS antenna mounting location, guidelines, and cable loss considerations.

UAT Antennas

Specifies requirements for UAT antennas and considerations for placement.

Electrical Connections

Details the GDL 90's D-sub and coax connectors and crimp contact specifications.

Interface Connector Definition

Defines the rear connector layout and pin assignments for GDL 90 interfaces.

Main System Connector (P1)

Details the pinout and function of the 15-pin D-Sub main system connector.

I/O Connector (P2)

Details the pinout and function of the 37-pin D-Sub I/O connector.

Functional Descriptions

Explains GDL 90 functions: power, APM, LEDs, discrete I/O, serial, ARINC, audio.

Power

Describes aircraft power input for the GDL 90 via the main system connector.

Micro Aircraft Personality Module (APM)

Explains the APM's role in storing configuration and its wiring limitations.

Status LEDs

Describes the function of the six LEDs on the GDL 90 front panel for system status.

Discrete Output

Explains discrete outputs for annunciators or status information.

UAT Fail / GPS Status Output

Details the function of the UAT Fail Out discrete output for system or GPS status.

Discrete Inputs

Explains discrete inputs for providing additional status information from aircraft systems.

Air/Ground Discrete Input

Describes the Air/Ground input configuration and its function.

Serial Interfaces

Outlines the RS-232 and RS-422 serial interfaces for connecting external equipment.

RS-232 / RS-422

Details the GDL 90's serial ports for display, control panel, and encoder connections.

ARINC 429

Details the GDL 90's ARINC 429 inputs and outputs for ADC, AHRS, and traffic.

ARINC 743A Position/Time Input

Explains using ARINC 743A for ADS-B position data, bypassing internal GPS.

Audio Output

Describes the GDL 90's audio output for traffic advisory messages.

Suppression Output

Details the suppression output for other L-band equipment during UAT transmission.

1 PPS Time Mark Input/Output

Describes the 1 pulse-per-second time mark signal pair for timing synchronization.

Weight and Balance

Details weight and balance computation requirements post-installation.

Unit Weights

Lists the weights of the GDL 90 unit, mounting tray, and APM.

Electrical Load Analysis

Provides power loads and circuit breaker recommendations for the GDL 90.

Unit Power Loads

Table showing power consumption values for the GDL 90 at different voltages.

Circuit Breaker Size & Placard

Summarizes recommended circuit breaker sizes and placard information.

Limitations

Operation

States GDL 90 does not alter existing approvals and is not for navigation.

Installation

Discusses TSO approval conditions and aircraft specific installation requirements.

Surveillance Services

Covers ATC ADS-B services, squawk code entry, transponder compatibility.

Flight Manual Supplement

Specifies operational limitations for the Flight Manual Supplement.

TCAS Interface

States TCAS interface is not approved for use; specifies APM setting.

GPS Antenna

Details compatibility with specific GPS antennas and SATCOM limitations.

UAT Antenna

Specifies requirements for UAT antennas and considerations for placement.

Antenna Installation – General

Addresses antenna installation scope for pressurized aircraft.

Equipment Interfaced to the GDL 90

States that interfaced equipment must be previously or concurrently approved.

Traffic Display

Describes information required for displays using GDL 90 Traffic Alert.

Preservation of Previous Systems

Emphasizes maintaining aircraft original design, including power buses.

Post Installation Configuration & Checkout Procedures

Mounting and Wiring Check

Verifies cable security, shielding, and aircraft control movement for interference.

Equipment Setup and Configuration

Details connecting to GDL 90 maintenance port via HyperTerminal for configuration.

How to Use the GDL 90 Maintenance Port with HyperTerminal

Step-by-step guide for establishing a connection using HyperTerminal.

Maintenance Commands

Provides a list and description of commands for system status and configuration.

Help Command

Displays a list of available maintenance commands and their brief descriptions.

Alt Command

Shows the source and value of altitude data, useful for checks.

APMinit Command

Starts the APM initialization procedure for configuring the GDL 90 installation.

APMread Command

Displays the current APM settings for service or verification.

ARINC Command

Displays the most recent ARINC labels received by the GDL 90.

CP command

Shows current control panel data and allows continuous display.

Discrete Command

Displays the states of GDL 90 discrete inputs and outputs.

External Command

Displays status of connections to external systems to identify wiring problems.

GPS Command

Displays current status and data from the GPS position source.

Loader command

Restarts the GDL 90 in data loader mode for software updates.

Playaudio Command

Outputs a tone to test audio connections and set audio volume.

Reset Command

Performs a software restart of the GDL 90 unit.

Rxdata Command

Displays information about received UAT radio messages.

Rxmsg Command

Displays the number of messages received and data errors corrected.

Service Command

Returns service information for troubleshooting system failure or malfunction.

Version Command

Displays version numbers for GDL 90 software and hardware components.

Micro APM Initialization Procedure

Procedure for setting up APM parameters for GDL 90 installation configuration.

APM Worksheet

Worksheet for planning installation and APM settings.

Equipment Operational/Functional Test

Covers ground checks for GPS, interfaces, control panel, and annunciator functionality.

System Checkout - Ground Checks

Covers ground checks for GPS, interfaces, control panel, and annunciator functionality.

GPS Checkout

Verifies GPS operation, position accuracy, and checks for VHF transmitter interference.

Interface Checkout

Verifies communication with interfaced systems like ADC, AHRS, and displays.

ADC and AHRS Checkout

Checks if ADC and AHRS data is received by the GDL 90.

Altitude Encoder Checkout

Verifies that altitude encoder data is received by the GDL 90.

Display Checkout

Procedures for verifying GDL 90 traffic and data display on MX20/GMX 200.

Control Panel Checkout

Verifies that flight crew control selections are reaching the GDL 90.

Annunciator Checkout

Tests cockpit UAT annunciators and interface wiring.

Post-Installation Checkout Log

A log sheet for recording post-installation checkout results and system status.

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Procedure

Guide to identify problems and their likely causes and solutions.

Problem Diagnosis Guide

Table outlining common problems, causes, and solutions for GDL 90 issues.

Collecting Additional Information

Summarizes messages from 'service' and 'external' commands for diagnostics.

Messages for Service Command

Details specific messages produced by the 'service' command and their meanings.

Messages for External Command

Details specific messages produced by the 'external' command and their meanings.

Viewing GDL 90 Internal GPS Status on an MX20 (If equipped)

Guide to view GDL 90 GPS status and data on an MX20 display.

Contacting the Factory for Assistance

Contacting Garmin AT technical support and collecting diagnostic data.

Collecting Diagnostic Data

Procedure to capture diagnostic data using HyperTerminal for technical support.

Periodic Maintenance

Equipment Calibration

States no scheduled servicing or internal adjustments are required.

Cleaning

Notes that the GDL 90 does not require regular cleaning.

Battery Replacement

Details the GDL 90's internal battery, its life, and replacement indicators.

Altitude Source

Requires testing and inspection of the altitude source every 24 months.

Audio Alerts

Guidance on testing audio alert levels and APM settings.

Certification Data

GDL 90 Environmental Qualification - Fixed-Wing

Details environmental test categories per RTCA/DO-160D for fixed-wing aircraft.

GDL 90 Environmental Qualification - Rotorcraft

Details environmental test categories per RTCA/DO-160D for rotorcraft installations.

Micro APM Environmental Qualification

Details environmental qualifications for the Micro APM module.

Troubleshooting Flowcharts

GDL90 Installation Check

Flowchart for initial installation verification of the GDL 90 unit.

GDL90 Maintenance Check

Flowchart for diagnosing issues during GDL 90 maintenance and configuration.

Interconnect Diagrams

GDL 90 Interconnect Diagram with MX20 or GMX 200 MFD

Wiring diagram for GDL 90 connection with Garmin MFDs.

GDL 90 Interconnect Diagram for Control Panel Installations

Wiring diagram for GDL 90 connection with control panels or transponders.

GDL 90 Interconnect Diagram for Garmin Displays

Wiring diagrams for GDL 90 connection to Garmin 400/500 series displays.

Construction & Validation of Structures

Static Test Load Procedures

Procedures for testing mounting structures to ensure they support required loads.