HP ProBook 4330s Installation

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Appendix A: Technical background
Since standards were introduced in 1956, industry-standard HDDs have used 512-byte sectors on
their internal media. However, this relatively small sector size constrains storage capacity and has
also caused manufacturing capabilities to reach a limit.
Under the sponsorship and support of the International Disk Drive Equipment and Materials
Association (IDEMA), manufacturers of industry-standard HDDs are transitioning from 512-byte to 4-
KB sectors on HDDs with SATA interfaces, increasing the utilization of storage space and making the
newer disks easier to manufacture.
HDD manufacturers began shipping these Advanced Format drives (4-KB sectors) in the fourth quarter
of 2010 as newly-announced models. Previously-announced and currently-shipping models are not
expected to transition to media with 4-KB sectors.
By using standard 512-byte sector SATA communications, first-generation Advanced Format drives
maintain backwards-compatibility with current computers. Thus, these drives – sometimes referred to
as 512e drives or translated drives – operate internally at 4 KB and externally at 512 bytes.
However, this disparity in sector sizes can lead to performance issues.
Partition alignment
Modern operating systems use file systems with 4-KB sectors when formatting a partition. However,
when the physical media and file system both use 4-KB sectors, while the SATA interface is 512-byte,
misalignment can occur, impacting write performance.
Note
Misalignment occurs while file system sectors cross physical sector
boundaries.
To address the risk of misalignment, a 512e drive emulates the logical 512-byte interface, taking care
of all physical manipulation in the background, while maintaining backwards compatibility. However,
emulation can affect performance with older operating systems such as Windows XP. This can be
fixed by either reinstalling the operating system with newer install tools that are 4-KB sector-aware or
using a utility that properly aligns the partitions and data on the drive.
The data on a 512e drive must be aligned to accommodate the following scenarios:
• Short write accesses (less than 4 KB)
Most accesses to a drive are 4 KB or greater. However, when the host writes less than 4 KB, all 4
KB on the media must be read, the old data modified with new data, and then written back to the
media as a 4-KB physical sector.
For a typical user, accesses shorter than 4 KB are rare.
• Misalignment
In some cases, a logical address may not coincide with the beginning of a physical address.
For example, a data write may extend beyond the end of one physical sector. In this case, the drive
must read both physical sectors to drive memory, modify both data sets, and then rewrite the new
data to the media

HP ProBook 4330s Specifications

General

HDD speed	7200 RPM
HDD interface	SATA II
Optical drive type	DVD Super Multi DL
Card reader integrated	Yes
Total storage capacity	320 GB
Memory slots	2x SO-DIMM
Internal memory	4 GB
Memory clock speed	1333 MHz
Internal memory type	DDR3-SDRAM
Maximum internal memory	8 GB
Bus type	DMI
Stepping	J1
Tjunction	100 °C
Processor cache	3 MB
Processor cores	2
Processor model	i5-2410M
System bus rate	5 GT/s
Processor family	Intel® Core™ i5
Processor series	Intel Core i5-2400 Mobile Series
Processor socket	BGA 1023
Processor threads	4
Processor codename	Sandy Bridge
Processor frequency	2.3 GHz
Processor cache type	Smart Cache
Processor lithography	32 nm
Processor manufacturer	Intel
Processor front side bus	- MHz
PCI Express slots version	2.0
Processor boost frequency	2.9 GHz
Processor operating modes	64-bit
ECC supported by processor	No
PCI Express configurations	1x8, 1x16, 2x4, 2x8
Thermal Design Power (TDP)	35 W
CPU multiplier (bus/core ratio)	23
Maximum number of PCI Express lanes	16
Display surface	Matt
Display diagonal	13.3 \
Display resolution	1366 x 768 pixels
Native aspect ratio	16:9
Power supply type	AC/DC
Intel segment tagging	Enterprise
Audio system	Premium Sound
Bluetooth version	3.0+HS
Cabling technology	10/100/1000Base-T(X)
Networking features	Gigabit Ethernet
Operating system installed	Linux
Charging port type	DC-in jack
USB 2.0 ports quantity	USB 2.0 ports have a data transmission speed of 480 Mbps, and are backwards compatible with USB 1.1 ports. You can connect all kinds of peripheral devices to them.
Firewire (IEEE 1394) ports	0
Battery life (max)	6 h
Number of battery cells	6
AC adapter power	65 W
Operating temperature (T-T)	5 - 35 °C
Sustainability certificates	ENERGY STAR
Product color	Black
Housing material	Aluminum
Country of origin	China
Pointing device	Touchpad
On-board graphics card ID	0x116
Discrete graphics card model	Intel® HD Graphics 3000
On-board graphics card family	Intel® HD Graphics
On-board graphics card base frequency	650 MHz
On-board graphics card dynamic frequency (max)	1200 MHz
Processor ARK ID	52224
Processor package size	37.5x37.5 (rPGA988B); 31 x 24 (BGA1023) mm
Supported instruction sets	AVX
Intel Identity Protection Technology version	1.00

Weight and Dimensions

Depth	235 mm
Width	330 mm
Height	27.9 mm
Weight	2000 g