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Komatsu AX20 User Manual

Komatsu AX20
162 pages
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Read and observe all warnings on this unit
before operating it.
DO NOT operate this equipment unless all
factory-installed guards and shields are properly
secured in place.
WARNING
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL
AX20 and BX20 Forklift Trucks
Federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Emission-Control Compliant
S/N 670001A~ and 580001A~
REVISED: FEBRUARY 2007
AX20
BX20
OM073R
AX20 Gasoline & LPG FG15/18ST-17, FG15HC-17
FG15/18HT-17
BX20 Gasoline & LPG FG20/25/30/35S(H)(T/C)-14
FG20/25/30C-14, FG20/25T-14
FG20/25/30HT-14
BX20 Diesel FD20/25/30T-14

Table of Contents

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Komatsu AX20 Specifications

General IconGeneral
ModelAX20
Load Capacity2000 kg
Tire TypePneumatic
Travel Speed18 km/h
CategoryForklifts
Power SourceDiesel
Lift Height3000 mm
Engine Power36 kW

Summary

Operation and Maintenance Manual Overview

AX20 and BX20 Forklift Trucks

Manual for Komatsu AX20 and BX20 forklift trucks, covering operation and maintenance.

Foreword and Safety Warnings

Critical Safety Warning

Safety warning to read and follow all precautions; failure may result in serious injury or death.

Manual Usage Guidance

Safety Information and Signal Words

Safety Signal Words Identification

Explanation of signal words (DANGER, WARNING, CAUTION, NOTICE) used for safety messages.

General Safety Precautions for Operation

Precautions for safe operation, maintenance, and understanding manual content.

Running in a New Lift Truck

First Month of Service (or Initial 200 Hours)

Maintenance checks required for a new lift truck after the first month or 200 hours.

Model Line Up

Applicable "EPA" Lift Truck Models

List of applicable EPA lift truck models with their descriptions.

Warranty and Service

Genuine Komatsu Forklift Parts

Importance of using genuine Komatsu forklift parts for reliability and warranty.

Federal EPA Emission Control Statement

Labels Required and Label Locations

Details on required identification labels and their locations on engines.

Warranty Coverage and Responsibilities

Owner's Warranty Responsibilities

Owner's duties regarding maintenance and warranty coverage.

Federal EPA Emission Control Statement for Diesel Engines

Labels Required and Label Locations

Identification label requirements for 4D94E diesel engines.

Diesel Engine Warranty Coverage

Owner's Warranty Responsibilities

Owner's duties regarding maintenance and warranty coverage for diesel engines.

Location of Plates and Serial Number

Plate and Serial Number Locations

Locations of UL plate, serial numbers, capacity data plate, and engine serial number.

Contacting Komatsu Forklift

Serial Number Notice

Notice to take care not to damage the embossed serial number.

Model Coding System

Model Nomenclature Key

Explanation of the model code nomenclature for Komatsu forklifts.

EPA Emission Control Warranty Statement (Gasoline/LPG Engines)

Your Warranty Rights and Obligations

Warranty rights and obligations for off-road large spark-ignition engines.

EPA Emission Control Warranty Statement (Diesel)

Your Warranty Rights and Obligations

Warranty rights and obligations for heavy-duty off-road diesel engines.

SAFETY

Critical Safety Warning

Safety warning to follow all precautions to avoid injury or death.

Safety Management

Manual and Label Adherence

Importance of reading and understanding manual and safety labels.

Operator Qualifications and PPE

Requirement for qualified personnel and appropriate protective items.

Safety Management (Continued)

Operational Safety Warnings

Warnings regarding exhaust gas, fire safety, and general operating rules.

Safety Management (Continued)

Safe Travel and Working Area Precautions

Precautions for road travel, tire fenders, and safe working areas.

Safety Management (Continued)

Operating Plan and Load Reduction

Safe operating plans and load reduction advice for attachments.

"No Jump Start" Decal

Information about the "no jump start" safety decal.

Safety Management (Continued)

Fuel Safety and Handling

Fire prevention for fuel and LPG system safety guidelines.

Safe Travel

Starting Engine and Control Operations

Safety precautions for starting the engine and operating control levers.

Tipping Hazards and Prevention

Understanding and preventing forklift tipping.

Safe Travel (Continued)

Slope Travel and Tip-Over Procedures

Safe travel on slopes and actions if the truck tips over.

Safe Travel (Continued)

Road Shoulder and Loading Safety

Precautions for road shoulders and loading highway trucks/railroad cars.

Safe Travel (Continued)

Rider and Visibility Warnings

Warnings against riders and about rear view obstruction with LPG.

Safe Travel (Continued)

Operating Precautions

Precautions for poor visibility, starting checks, hand safety, and lamps.

Safe Travel (Continued)

Operator Position and Seat Belt Safety

Importance of proper operator seating and seat belt usage.

Safe Travel (Continued)

General Travel Safety

Safety rules for travel, confirming surroundings, and height/width limits.

Safe Travel (Continued)

Turning, Stopping, and Towing Precautions

Precautions for turning, stopping distance, and towing.

Loading Operations

Load Handling Warnings

Warnings against overloading, going under forks, and lifting people.

Loading Operations (Continued)

Load Handling Safety

Precautions against getting caught, unstable loads, and load height.

Loading Operations (Continued)

Load Handling Procedures

Warnings against tilting mast forward, chain tension, and intended use.

Loading Operations (Continued)

Attachment and Fork Safety

Using drawbar pin, fitting forks securely, and adjusting chains.

Loading Operations (Continued)

Fork Tip and Personnel Safety

Warnings about fork tips and personnel in the working area.

Pallet and Load Safety

Using strong pallets and handling long/wide loads safely.

Loading Operations (Continued)

Overhead Objects and Pushing Warnings

Precautions regarding overhead objects and avoiding pushing loads.

Stopping and Parking

Stopping and Parking Procedures

Step-by-step procedure for safely stopping and parking the lift truck.

Inspection and Maintenance

Personnel and Location Requirements

Qualified personnel and suitable locations for inspection/maintenance.

General Inspection and Maintenance Precautions

Safety precautions before and during inspection and maintenance.

Inspection and Maintenance (Continued)

Tool and Part Replacement Safety

Using correct tools and periodic replacement of critical parts.

Coolant Temperature Safety

Safety precautions when handling hot engine coolant.

Inspection and Maintenance (Continued)

Oil Pressure and High Temperature Safety

Safety precautions for high-pressure, high-temperature oil.

Mechanical Safety Precautions

Warnings about getting caught in moving parts or falling.

Inspection and Maintenance (Continued)

Tire Safety and Maintenance

Safety procedures for tire inflation, handling, and jacking.

Inspection and Maintenance (Continued)

Lifting and Battery Safety

Safety for lifting the truck and handling batteries.

Inspection and Maintenance (Continued)

Fuel Tank and Charging Safety

Safety for changing LPG tanks and charging batteries.

Inspection and Maintenance (Continued)

Fluid and Waste Material Handling

Safety for brake fluid, antifreeze, and waste material disposal.

Structure and Stability of the Lift Truck

Lift Truck Structure and Stability Factors

How lift truck structure and center of gravity affect stability.

Structure and Stability of the Lift Truck (Continued)

Center of Gravity and Load Limits

Understanding stable range, maximum load, and allowable load.

Structure and Stability of the Lift Truck (Continued)

Speed and Acceleration Effects on Stability

How speed and acceleration impact truck stability due to inertia and centrifugal force.

Safety Labels

Label Maintenance and Identification

Instructions for maintaining and identifying safety labels.

Safety Labels (Continued)

Fuel and Operation Decals

Fuel level requirements and operational caution decals.

Safety Labels (Continued)

Key Operational and Safety Decals

Important operational warning and "no jump start" decals.

Safety Labels (Continued)

Fuel System and LPG Safety Decals

Decals for fuel change-over and LPG safety maintenance.

Safety Labels (Continued)

LPG Handling and Rotating Fan Warnings

Decals warning about LPG handling and rotating fan safety.

Safety Labels (Continued)

Indicator and Tire Safety Decals

Decals for LPG low fuel alarm, split rims, and no riders.

Safety Labels (Continued)

Fork and Mast Safety Decals

Decals warning against riding forks and getting hands caught in mast.

OPERATION

Critical Operation Safety Warning

Safety warning to follow all precautions to avoid injury or death.

Overview of Lift Truck

General View of Lift Truck Components

Labeled diagram of the lift truck's main components.

Overview of Lift Truck (Continued)

Instruments and Controls Identification

Labeled diagram of the lift truck's instruments and controls.

Overview of Lift Truck (Continued)

Meter Panel Components Identification

Labeled diagram of the meter panel components and gauges.

Explanation of Components

Operator Controls Explanation

Explanation of meter panel, lift lever, and tilt lever operations.

Explanation of Components (Continued)

Signal Switch and Starting Switch Operation

Explanation of turn signal switch and starting switch operations.

Explanation of Components (Continued)

Horn, Pedals, and Steering Wheel Adjustment

Explanation of horn, pedals, and steering wheel lock lever.

Explanation of Components (Continued)

Electrical Component Explanations

Explanation of fuse box, LPG alarm, parking brake, and F/R switch.

Explanation of Components (Continued)

Speed and Directional Levers

Explanation of high/low speed and forward/reverse levers for clutch trucks.

Explanation of Components (Continued)

Dashboard Gauges and Warning Lamps

Explanation of temperature gauge, fuel gauge, and warning lamps.

Explanation of Components (Continued)

Warning Lamps and Hourmeter

Explanation of charge, failure, and sedimenter warning lamps, and hourmeter.

Explanation of Components (Continued)

Diesel Engine Indicator and Operator Presence System

Glow indicator for diesel engines and neutral/travel interlock indicator.

Explanation of Components (Continued)

Troubleshooting Operator Presence System

Troubleshooting guide for operator presence system issues.

Removal and Installation of Attachments

Safety Precautions for Attachments

General safety precautions for handling attachments and components.

Fork Removal and Installation

Procedure for removing and installing forklift forks.

Removal and Installation of Attachments (Continued)

Carriage and Mast Removal/Installation

Procedures for removing and installing the carriage and mast.

Removal and Installation of Attachments (Continued)

Attachment Installation Procedures

Installation and assembly of side shift, fork positioner, and clamp attachments.

Operator's Compartment

Seat Adjustment Procedures

Instructions for adjusting seat position and reclining angle.

Operator's Compartment (Continued)

Suspension and Seat Belt Usage

Adjusting suspension and using the seat belt correctly.

Engine Hood

Engine Hood Opening Procedure

Step-by-step procedure for opening the engine hood.

Engine Hood (Continued)

Engine Hood Closing and Fork Stopper

Procedures for closing the engine hood and using the fork stopper.

Travel Operations

Pre-Operation Checks

Comprehensive checks required before operating the lift truck.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Fluid Level Checks and Torque Specifications

Checking hydraulic and brake fluid levels, and wheel nut torque.

Travel Operations (Continued)

System Checks and Indicators

Checking battery electrolyte, brake, horn, lamps, and clutch fluid.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Pedal and Belt Checks

Checking pedals for proper function and drive belt deflection.

Engine Oil Level Check

Procedure for checking and refilling engine oil.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Coolant and Previous Day Checks

Checking coolant level and verifying previous day's issues are resolved.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Engine Warm-up and Starting Precautions

Engine warm-up procedures and precautions for restarting.

Operational Checks

Checking for abnormal noise, vibration, and exhaust gas color.

Travel Operations (Continued)

LPG Fuel Tank Procedures

Safe removal and installation of LPG fuel tanks.

Gauge and Warning Lamp Checks

Checking gauges and warning lamps for proper function.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Steering Wheel and Lamp Checks

Checking steering wheel play and functionality of lamps/buzzer.

Lift Chain Tension Check

Procedure for checking lift chain tension.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Lift Chain Elongation and Lubrication

Measuring lift chain elongation and checking lubrication.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Operational Checks

Checks while advancing slowly, operating levers, and mounting/dismounting.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Starting Engine Procedure

Step-by-step guide for starting the lift truck engine.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Travel Interlock System Explanation

Explanation of the travel interlock safety feature and its indicators.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Placing Lift Truck in Motion

Procedures for moving the lift truck after starting.

Shifting Gear Procedures

Procedure for shifting gears on clutch-type trucks.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Shifting Direction Procedures

Procedure for changing travel direction on clutch-type trucks.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Starting and Inching on Slopes

Safe procedures for starting and inching on slopes.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Turning Safety Precautions

Safety precautions and clearances required when turning.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Stopping and Parking Procedures

Procedures for temporary stopping and parking.

Leaving the Lift Truck Safely

Steps to take when leaving the lift truck unattended.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Fork Spread Adjustment

Procedure for adjusting the fork spread.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Loading Procedures

Step-by-step guide for safely loading materials.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Unloading Procedures

Step-by-step guide for safely unloading materials.

Travel Operations (Continued)

Post-Operation Checks

Checks to perform after completing operations before storage.

Cold Weather Operation

Low Temperature Preparations

Preparations needed for operating in low temperatures.

Cold Weather Fluid Recommendations

Fuel, lubricants, and coolant recommendations for cold weather.

Cold Weather Operation (Continued)

Post-Operation Precautions for Cold Weather

Procedures after operations to prevent freezing.

Handling in Heavy-Duty Conditions

Heavy-Duty Operation Precautions

General precautions for operating in heavy-duty conditions.

Cooling System and Fan Belt Maintenance

Cleaning cooling system, radiator fins, and checking fan belt tension.

Engine Overheating Actions

Steps to take if the engine overheats.

Long-Term Storage

Storage Preparation and Procedures

Preparing the lift truck for long-term storage.

MAINTENANCE

Critical Maintenance Safety Warning

Safety warning to follow all precautions to avoid injury or death.

Outline of Service

Service Fluids and Filter Guidelines

Guidelines on oil, grease, storage, and filter replacement.

Lubricant List

AX – Gasoline/LPG Engine Lubricants

Lubricant specifications for AX series gasoline/LPG engines.

Lubricant List (Continued)

BX – Gasoline/LPG Engine Lubricants

Lubricant specifications for BX series gasoline/LPG engines.

Lubricant List (Continued)

BX – Diesel Engine Lubricants

Lubricant specifications for BX series diesel engines.

Lubricant List (Continued)

Oil and Greasing Chart

Chart showing oil/grease locations and inspection intervals.

Service Data

AX Models Service Data

Technical service data for all AX models.

Service Data (Continued)

BX – Gasoline/LPG Engine Service Data

Technical service data for BX gasoline/LPG engines.

Service Data (Continued)

BX – Diesel Engine Service Data

Technical service data for BX diesel engines.

Service Data (Continued)

Torque List Specifications

Specifications for bolt and nut tightening torques.

Periodic Replacement of Safety Critical Parts

Important Parts List for Replacement

List of critical safety parts and their recommended replacement periods.

Maintenance Schedule Chart

Initial and 100/200 Hour Services

Maintenance tasks for the first month or 200 hours of operation.

Monthly and 200 Hour Services (Continued)

Routine maintenance checks performed bi-weekly or every 100 hours.

Maintenance Schedule Chart (Continued)

Monthly and 200 Hour Services (Continued)

Continued monthly or 200-hour maintenance checks across various systems.

Maintenance Schedule Chart (Continued)

500, 600 Hour, and 1,000 Hour Services

Maintenance tasks for 500, 600 hour, and 1,000 hour intervals.

1,200 Hour Services

Maintenance tasks performed every 6 months or 1,200 hours.

Maintenance Schedule Chart (Continued)

2,000 Hour Services

Maintenance tasks required every 2,000 hours of operation.

Annual and 2,400 Hour Services

Annual or every 2,400 hours maintenance tasks.

18 Months / 3,600 Hours Service

Maintenance tasks performed every 18 months or 3,600 hours.

Maintenance

Initial Maintenance: Hydraulic Equipment

Initial maintenance for hydraulic tank, filter, and strainer.

Maintenance (Continued)

Initial Maintenance: Engine Oil and Filter

Procedures for changing engine oil and replacing the oil filter.

Air Cleaner and Fuel Filter Sock Maintenance

Inspecting and cleaning the air cleaner and fuel filter sock.

Maintenance (Continued)

Air Filter Replacement Procedure

Step-by-step guide for replacing the radial seal air filter.

Maintenance (Continued)

Transmission and Differential Oil Changes

Procedures for changing transmission and differential oil.

Maintenance (Continued)

Spark Plug and Belt Checks

Inspecting spark plugs and adjusting alternator belt tension.

Bolt and Nut Tightening

Tightening critical bolts and nuts, including lug nuts.

Maintenance (Continued)

Chain and Pedal Checks

Checking chain wheel bearings and pedals for wear.

Maintenance (Continued)

TORQFLOW Transmission Oil Level Check

Checking and topping up TORQFLOW transmission oil.

Maintenance (Continued)

Cooling System Cleaning

Procedure for flushing and cleaning the cooling system and radiator.

Maintenance (Continued)

Fuel Filter Water Drain and Vaporizer Tar Drain

Draining water from diesel fuel filter and tar from LPG vaporizer.

Maintenance (Continued)

Battery Electrolyte and Wiring Checks

Checking battery electrolyte specific gravity and wiring connections.

Maintenance (Continued)

Structural Component Checks and Lubrication

Inspecting guards, backrest, seat mounts, and greasing points.

Maintenance (Continued)

Engine Oil/Filter and Fuel Filter Maintenance

Engine oil/filter change and diesel fuel filter replacement.

LPG Filter Cleaning

Cleaning the LPG filter at specified intervals.

Maintenance (Continued)

Valve Clearance and Transmission Oil Checks

Engine valve clearance adjustment and transmission/differential oil checks.

Maintenance (Continued)

Transmission, Filter, Clutch, and Brake Fluid Maintenance

Maintenance for transmission, filters, clutch, and brake fluids.

Engine and Cooling System Checks

Engine and cooling system checks.

Maintenance (Continued)

Differential, Forks, Mast, and Relief Valve Checks

Checks on differential, forks, mast, and relief valve.

Replacement Procedures

Replacing Chassis Fuses and Relays

Procedures for replacing chassis fuses and relays.

Replacement Procedures (Continued)

Engine Fuses and Relays Replacement

Engine fuses and relays replacement for specific BX models.

Replacement Procedures (Continued)

Tire Replacement Procedure

Step-by-step instructions for replacing lift truck tires.

Replacement Procedures (Continued)

Lamp Replacement Information

Information on lamp capacities and replacement.

Lift Truck Washing Procedure

Washing Precautions and Instructions

General precautions and detailed instructions for washing the lift truck.

TECHNICAL DATA

Performance and Dimension Data Warning

Safety warning regarding technical data and precautions.

Technical Data - AX/BX Model Lift Trucks

AX (Gasoline/LPG Engines) Performance and Dimensions

Performance and dimension data for AX gasoline/LPG models.

Technical Data - AX/BX Model Lift Trucks (Continued)

BX (Diesel Engines) Performance and Dimensions

Performance and dimension data for BX diesel models.

Technical Data - AX/BX Model Lift Trucks (Continued)

BX (Gasoline/LPG Engines) Performance and Dimensions

Performance and dimension data for BX gasoline/LPG models.

Technical Data - AX/BX Model Lift Trucks (Continued)

BX (Gasoline/LPG Engines) Performance and Dimensions (Continued)

Continued performance and dimension data for BX gasoline/LPG models.

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