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Meridian Speaker User Manual

Meridian Speaker
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In each article in this series, we will be
looking at a different aspect of the hi-fi
signal chain – from source to speaker. In
view of its importance in the overall
reproduction of the sound, we are first
going to consider what happens at the
end of the line – the amplification sys-
tem and the loudspeakers themselves,
for it is here that Meridian has very
much charted its own course among
consumer audio manufacturers, coming
up with a solution that is both elegant,
efficient and capable of extremely high
audio quality.
The traditional approach
The traditional method of designing a
hi-fi system has been with us for a long
time, and has hardly changed over the
years. Signal from a source – such as a
CD player – is fed into a preamplifier or
controller, and from there at line level to
an amplifier.
From this central cluster of equipment,
the now high-level signal is fed via
extensive cables to the loudspeakers
themselves.
The Meridian Papers - 1
Meridian Audio has taken an almost
unique course in the design of its hi-fi
systems, and particularly in its
loudspeaker design, where the signal
remains in the digital domain until the
very last moment, and the loudspeakers
include digital crossovers and signal
processing.
In the first of a series of articles on
Meridian audio products and technology,
Richard Elen looks at the company’s DSP
loudspeaker philosophy.
Meridian’s top-of-the-line DSP8000 speakers,
the essence of high performance
EXTERNAL
POWER AMPLIFIER
LOUDSPEAKER
ENCLOSURE
LF DRIVER
CABLES
HF DRIVER
PASSIVE CROSSOVER
Fig. 1: The conventional arrangement of a sin-
gle power amplifier driving a two-way loud-
speaker system with a passive crossover.
Meridian Loudspeakers: The DSP Path
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Meridian Speaker Specifications

General IconGeneral
BrandMeridian
ModelSpeaker
CategorySpeakers
LanguageEnglish

Summary

Meridian Loudspeakers: The DSP Path

The Traditional Approach

Explains the conventional hi-fi system setup from source to speaker.

Hotrod or Hi-Fi?

Meridian's Integrated System Philosophy

Meridian advocates for integrated systems where all components work harmoniously for optimal performance.

Critique of Traditional Passive Crossovers

High-level analogue signal processing in passive crossovers requires compromises in component quality and design.

The Active Crossover Solution

Proposes operating crossovers at line level before amplification for better component quality and design flexibility.

The Active Loudspeaker

Meridian's M1 Active Speaker Pioneer

Meridian's M1 Active Speaker pioneered placing active crossover and amplification within the speaker enclosure.

Benefits of Active Crossover Design

Active crossovers offer design flexibility for phase, amplitude, and complex filter curves, independent of driver matching.

Direct Amplifier-Driver Connection

Direct connection of amplifiers to drivers allows full control over the entire range, including resonance damping.

Efficiency Gains: Less Power, More Sound

Active systems are more efficient, requiring less power for the same output due to optimized design and no crossover losses.

Power Efficiency Comparison

Bass Extension Capabilities

Physics of Bass Extension and Cabinet Size

Bass extension (f), cabinet volume (V), and efficiency (e) are related by e = V/f³ x K, influencing design choices.

Optimizing Bass with Active Systems

Active systems, treated as a total design, allow modification of constants like K to improve bass extension for a given cabinet size.

Meridian's Interactive Bass System

Meridian's "Interactive Bass" system provides extended bass, equivalent to an octave more, compared to passive speakers of similar size.

Minimizing Cone Movement for Bass Control

Specific alignments minimize bass driver cone movement for a given output, reducing distortion and improving control.

Digital Audio Concepts: Dither

Necessity of Dither in Digital Signals

Dither is needed when signals fade, preventing quantization distortion and ensuring low-level detail is preserved.

Quantization Distortion in Digital Audio

At low levels, fewer bits represent the signal, leading to quantization distortion where detail disappears.

Dither as a Solution to Distortion

Adding noise (dither) to the signal smooths out quantization distortion and improves the preservation of low-level detail.

The Digital Link Advantage

Benefits of Digital Signal Transmission

Digital design in active speakers avoids long analogue cables, reducing noise and simplifying connections.

The DSP Dimension in Speakers

DSP for Crossover Implementation

In Meridian DSP speakers, digital signal processing is utilized to implement the crossover function.

Advanced Crossover Design with DSP

DSP enables "impossible" crossovers with linear phase, steep slopes, and time delay compensation for precise sound.

Precision Sound Steering and Control

Accurate phasing allows beam steering and axis control for precise tailoring of sound to the listening position.

Sophisticated Listener-Position Balance

Meridian's balance control adjusts time delays, not just levels, to compensate for listener position and optimize imaging.

DSP Features and Human-Sized Speakers

48-Bit Resolution and DSP Operations

Meridian DSP speakers use 48-bit internal resolution, with additional bits created during DSP operations for preservation.

Advanced DSP Functions

DSP enables additional features like tone controls, loudness controls, and dynamic bass extension with protection.

Level-Dependent Sonic Compensation

DSP compensates for the ears' reduced sensitivity to bass and treble at low listening levels, improving perceived accuracy.

Psychoacoustic Basis for Speaker Size

The "head" section of Meridian DSP speakers (e.g., DSP8000) produces most sound from 200 Hz up, crucial for localization.

Cabinet Design and Acoustic Naturalness

Human-Sized Loudspeakers for Natural Sound

Human-sized loudspeakers are preferred because psychoacoustic research indicates humans are best adapted to appreciate this size.

Rigid Cabinet Construction and Damping

Cabinet design emphasizes rigidity and damping using multiple layers of wood and metal to prevent unwanted movement.

Zero Net Movement Speaker Design

DSP6000/DSP8000 feature side-firing, horizontally opposed woofers for zero net movement and dead cabinets with no ringing.

Audio Press Reviews of Meridian DSP Loudspeakers

Popular Mechanics: Engineering and Bass

Popular Mechanics praises Meridian DSP8000 for engineering, aesthetics, and extraordinary deep bass with stable cabinets.

Stereophile: State-of-the-Art Performance

Stereophile considers the system state-of-the-art, particularly for bass extension and control, with Meridian ruling supreme.

What Hi-Fi: Integrated Music Systems

What Hi-Fi describes the DSP5000 as a 'music system' offering high acoustic volume, dynamic bass control, and user adjustability.

Hi-Fi News & Record Review: Intelligent Design

Hi-Fi News & Record Review states that Meridian speakers are exceptionally intelligent and advanced.

Sound & Image: Compact Technology Implementation

Sound & Image highlights the DSP7000 series implementing DSP8000 technology in a more compact form.

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