The Monarch Series 61 is an operator's manual for engine and toolmaker's lathes, designed for precision turning, boring, and facing operations with reduced operator fatigue. The machine is built with inherent precision, high speeds, and ease of operation to maximize productivity.
Function Description:
The Monarch Series 61 lathe is a versatile machine tool capable of performing a wide range of turning operations. Its primary function is to support workpieces for drilling, reaming, tapping, and various cutting tasks. The lathe's design emphasizes accuracy and efficiency, making it suitable for both engine and toolmaker applications.
Important Technical Specifications:
- Thread Range: The regular thread range is from 2 to 120 threads per inch.
- Feed Range: Feeds range from .0014" to .084" per revolution.
- Spindle Speeds: The headstock offers sixteen spindle speeds, controlled by four levers (A, B, C, D) on the front of the headstock.
- Taper Attachment: Maximum taper per foot is 4", and maximum length at one setting is 18".
- Cross Feed Dial: Graduated in one thousandths of an inch, with two sets of numbers for reading when the cross slide is feeding toward the front or rear of the machine.
- Camlock Spindle: Features six camlocks for attaching chucks, plates, and fixtures.
- Electrical Control Panel: Located on the front of the left-hand cabinet leg, with clearly marked control buttons.
Usage Features:
- Headstock Spindle Speed Change Levers (Figure 3): Levers (A), (B), (C), and (D) control the sixteen spindle speeds. Levers (A) and (C) rotate left, while (B) and (D) rotate right. Shifting levers (C) and (D) to a higher speed requires drifting the spindle clutch.
- Leadscrew Reverse Lever (E) (Figure 3): Found on Series 61 engine lathes, it reverses the leadscrew rotation for right or left-hand threads.
- Gear Box Control Levers (Figure 4): Levers (Y) and (Z) in conjunction with knob (X) provide a wide range of threads and feeds. Tumbler lever (U) is used to set for a particular thread or feed. Lever (W) selects between the feed rod for turning or the leadscrew for thread chasing.
- Apron Handwheel (A) (Figure 5): Manually moves the cutting tool parallel to the bed.
- Cross Slide Handwheel (B) (Figure 5): Manually moves the tool at a right angle to the bed.
- Compound Rest Handwheel (C) (Figure 5): Manually moves the tool at any angle to the bed.
- Spindle Control Lever (D) (Figure 5): Starts and stops spindle rotation, also operable from the headstock.
- Carriage Power Feed and Traverse Control Lever (E) (Figure 6): When pushed downward, moves the carriage at a preselected feed toward the headstock or tailstock. Left movement traverses toward the headstock, right movement traverses toward the tailstock.
- Cross Slide Power Feed and Traverse Control Lever (F) (Figure 6): When pushed downward, moves the cross slide at a preselected feed toward or away from the operator. Right movement traverses in, left movement traverses out.
- Feed Directional Knob (G) (Figure 6): Has three positions: "in" for carriage and cross slide feeds in, "out" for carriage and cross slide feeds out, and "neutral" for half-nut engagement.
- Half-Nut Closure Lever (H) (Figure 6): Engages the carriage to the leadscrew for thread chasing. Cannot be engaged if lever (E) is partly or fully engaged.
- Thread Chasing Dial (J) (Figure 6): Four graduations 90° apart, used to determine when to engage the half nut during thread chasing.
- Carriage Locking Stud (K) (Figure 6): Locks the carriage to the bedways when cutting with the cross slide.
- Tailstock Pickup Plunger (M) (Figure 6): Engages a bushing on the tailstock base for positioning by apron power rapid traverse.
- Safety Clutch (L) (Figure 6): Provided in the power rapid traverse mechanism to prevent damage if the carriage or cross slide is locked.
- Direct Length Reading Dial (O) (Figure 6): Freed by depressing button (N) to set to zero.
- Leadscrew Reverse Lever (I) (Figure 5): On Toolmaker's models only, controls leadscrew reverse from the apron, convenient for thread chasing.
- Automatic Length Stop (Figure 7): Used for chasing threads up to a shoulder or in a blind hole, and for ordinary turning operations.
- Cross Feed Diameter Dial (A) (Figure 8): Graduated in one thousandths of an inch.
- Cross Feed Dial Lock (B) (Figure 8): Locks the dial for repositioning.
- Thread Chasing Stop (C) (Figure 8): Eliminates the need to reposition the tool to zero after each cut during thread chasing.
- Tailstock Handwheel (A) (Figure 9): Traverses or feeds spindle (B) in or out.
- Tailstock Spindle (B) (Figure 9): Graduated in inches for accurate drilling to depth.
- Tang Slot (C) (Figure 9): Facilitates removal of drills and reamers.
- Spindle Lock Lever (D) (Figure 9): Locks the spindle in position.
- Clamping Lever (E) (Figure 9): Quickly clamps the tailstock to the bed (Toolmaker's Lathes only).
- Clamping Nut (F) (Figure 9): Supplements clamping lever (E) on 16" machines, and an additional one on 20" machines.
- Aligning Stud (G) (Figure 9): Brings the tailstock to true center with the headstock, or moves it off-center for taper turning.
- Tailstock Pickup Bushing (H) (Figure 9): Engaged by a plunger on the right-hand carriage wing for positioning the tailstock.
- Taper Attachment (Figure 10): Used to turn, bore, or chase tapered threads. Steps for setting include positioning carriage, loosening stud (J), pushing slide (A) in, positioning bed clamp (B), tightening knurled nuts (C) and hex nuts (D), setting swivel (E) at required taper, locking nut (H) and similar nut on underside of swivel, and tightening stud (I).
Maintenance Features:
- Receiving and Cleaning: Upon uncating, remove packing list, check shipment, report discrepancies. Remove "anti-rust" compound with a brush and suitable solvent, then apply a thin film of oil to bed ways. Do not move working parts until cleaned.
- Lifting: Exercise great care, select strong cables, and balance the load to prevent damage.
- Installation and Leveling: The bed must be free from twist and distortion. Use a precision level (.0005" per foot) and two parallels on front and rear flats. Adjust leveling screws in cabinet legs until the lathe is level at both ends. Check level weekly for two months, then every two months.
- Lubrication (Page 13-14):
- Preparation for Operation and Run-in: Apply thin film of medium grade oil to bedways after cleaning. Fill headstock, gearbox, and apron reservoirs with recommended lubricants. Thoroughly oil and grease all points per lubrication charts. Avoid maximum speed, feed, and depth of cut during the first few days.
- Initial Oil Change: After 90 days or 750 hours, drain all reservoirs, flush with light clean flushing oil, and refill.
- Periodic Oil Level Check: Check oil reservoir levels at least twice a week. Turn off main drive motor. Maintain oil level at the indicated line.
- Required Oil Changes: Drain and flush reservoirs every six months, then refill. Inspect and clean apron and headstock lubricating pumps. Replace filter disc at pump inlet every six months.
- Correct Hand Oiling: Oil all cups and hand oiling points daily before starting. Use pneumatic type oil can.
- Use of Grease Gun: Eliminate air pockets, clean fittings, and avoid over-lubrication.
- Importance of Cleanliness: Handle lubricants and containers carefully. Wipe filter openings, replace covers/plugs, and clean pressure fittings.
- Adjustments:
- Longitudinal Feed Friction Clutch: Adjust by turning screw (A) (Figure 13) until the lever is moderately tight halfway down from neutral.
- Cross Feed Friction Clutch: Similarly adjusted by screw (B) (Figure 13).
- Cross Feed Slide and Compound Slide Gibs: Adjust screws (C) and (D) (Figure 13) to give a slight drag to the slides, avoiding overtightening.
- Vee Belts: Main drive motor is on an adjustable base. To tighten, loosen top nuts on adjusting bolts (A) and (B) (Figure 14) and tighten lower nuts. Avoid excessive tension.
- Headstock Spindle Drive Clutch: Accessible by removing the cover at the left end of the headstock. Adjust by pulling pin (B), turning spider (C) clockwise until pin drops into the next locking hole.
- Headstock Spindle Bearings: After 200 hours, check for drag by shifting headstock levers to neutral and turning spindle by hand. Adjust by loosening set screws in nuts (A) and (B) (Figure 16), loosening lock nut (B), and tightening adjusting nut (A) until noticeable drag is present.
- Headstock Spindle Brake: Located in the headstock (A) (Figure 17). Adjust by lifting locking spring (B) and turning adjusting gear (A) (Figure 18) clockwise to tighten. Engaged when spindle start/stop lever is all the way up.
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