Assembly instructions
Valdivia
Order No.
1140
Maritime terms
Aback The sail is on the weather side, but the wind is from the “wrong” side. The sail brakes the boat, or
turns the bow of the ship to lee
Anchor beam Beam extending laterally over the bow to support anchor manoeuvres
Backstay Pair of ropes which support the mast towards the stern. The lee rope can be released and belayed
further forward if necessary
Belay Secure ropework temporarily
Belaying rail Rail in the shrouds, for belaying
Bowsprit rigging Bowsprit, jib boom and all ropework in this area
Bowsprit Strong round-section spar projecting at the bow; supports the jib boom
Bulkhead Watertight transverse partition in the hull; also watertight door
Bulwark Hull side wall above deck level
Cap Connecting piece between mast, topmast and spreader
Capstan head Rotating tapered drum for tensioning or slackening ropes and chains
Caulking Sealing material placed between individual planking strakes
Channel Fitting on the hull side to which the shrouds are fixed
Clew Rear corner of a sail to which the sheet is attached
Close-haul Tightening a rope or sheet
Clove hitch Cruciform knot for belaying, fixes the rope securely
Crow’s foot Rope designed to distribute forces at several points
Deadeye Wooden block with three holes, for tensioning ropework
Dolphin striker Round-section spar for spreading the jib boom stays
Footrope Loop of rope under booms or yards on which crew members stand when working on the boom or
yard
Foresail stretcher Rope at the bottom corner of the sail which is used to control the tension of the sail’s front edge
Gaff fitting Swivel connection between mast and gaff
Gaff Round-section spar which supports the top edge of the sail
Guy Lateral bracing rope on the jib boom
Gybe Change of course in which the boat’s stern turns through the wind
Halyard Rope for pulling up sails etc.
Handrail Rail on superstructure and bulwark providing hand-support for crew members
Hawse Metal ring in bulwark for chains and ropes to pass through with minimum friction
Head Top corner of a triangular sail
Heaving to Braking manoeuvre in which the ship is turned into wind, in order to exploit the braking effect of the
shivering sails
Heel Angle of the boat caused by wind pressure
Jaw plate Rigid fork-shaped connection between mast and gaff or boom
Jib boom Round spar on the bowsprit to which the foresails are attached
Joggle Special angled joint between king strakes and deck planking
King strake Central strake in deck planking to which all other planks are fitted
Lacing Rope for attaching the sails e.g. to gaff and boom
Lashing Short piece of rope
Lazy jack Ropework between topping lift and boom; convenient means of furling or reefing gaff sails
Lee tendency The boat tends to turn its bow away from the wind when the rudder is neutral, with the result that
the sail area facing the wind increases. Remedy: the effect of the foresails must be reduced
Lee The side away from the wind. The sails always face the lee when the ship is sailing
Loop Loop at the end of a rope
Mainmast Tallest mast on a sailing ship
Mast cheek Support attached to the mast for ropework or spreader
Masthead Part of mast at which the cross-section changes from round to rectangular
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