18:05FUELING:Followingsafetyprecautionsbefore,duringandafterfuelingis
critical.Beingfamiliarwithallproceduresandadheringtothemeachtimeyoutakeon
fuelwillhelpinsureyoursafety.Avoidfuelingatnightorduringastorm.
1.Closeallhatchesandports.
2.Allownosmokingaboard,onornearthefueldocks.
3.Checkfuellevel.
4.Turnoffanyequipmentwhichmaygenerateheatorsparksuchasengine,stove,
heaters,radios,lights,etc.Turnoffallelectricalswitches.Mainswitchandbattery
switchareturnedoffafterengineisstopped.
5.Anyonenotinvolvedwithfuelingshouldleavetheboat.
6.Removedeckplateandpositionfillnozzletoremainincontactwithmetaldeck
platetopreventthegenerationofstaticelectricitycharges.
7.Havefireextinguisher(s)readilyavailable.
8.Beawareofhowmuchfuelisbeingtakenonanddoublecheckthattheappropriate
fuelisbeingdelivered.
9.Slowlyfilltonomorethan95%fulltoallowforthermalexpansionoffuel.
10.Replacedeckplatecoversecurelyandcarefullycleanupanyspillage.Discardany
oilyrags.
11.Checkfueltankventatsternforoverflow.
12.Checkbelowdecksandinbilgeforfumesorfuel.
13.Openallportsandhatchesforventilation.Airoutanyfumespresent.
19:00ENGINECOOLINGANDEXHAUSTSYSTEMS
Heatexpelledfromcombustionandthatwasdevelopedbyfrictionisabsorbedbywater
circulatinginawaterjacketthroughouttheengine.Avarietyofcoolingsystemshave
beenutilizedbydifferentenginemanufacturers.Refertoyourengine'sowner'smanual
forthetypeofsystemonyourboat.Thefollowingisabriefdescriptionofthetwomost
commonsystems.(RefertoI18andI19)
19:01SEAWATERCOOLING
:Seawaterisdrawnthroughastrainerattheseacockthru
hullandintoawaterfilterbyanauxiliarywaterpump.Thiswaterthencirculates
throughtheengineblockandinsomecases,throughthereversegear.Itisthen
dischargedintotheexhaustsystem.Thewatermixeswiththeexhaustgasesinthe
waterlockcanisterandisexpelledthroughtheexhaustportatthetransom.
Thewaterlockcanisterprovidesamethodtoliftandpushtheexhaustgasesandwaterto
thetransomport.Italsoactsasasilencertohelpquiettheinherentenginenoise
relatedtotheexhaustsystem.
Theengine'sseawaterintakeseacockmustbeopenatalltimeswhentheengineisrunning
andclosedwhentheengineisnotusedforextendedperiods.
19:02FRESHWATERCOOLING
:Freshwatercoolingprovidesasystemwhichminimizesthe
exposureofenginecomponentstoseawater.Withthissystem,therawwaterbeingdrawn
intotheboatisdivertedattheengineandusedtocoolaseparateclosedfreshwater
systembymeansofaheatexchange.A50:50mixofethyleneglycolantifreezeandfresh
waterisusedinthefreshwaterportionofthissystem
Theheatexchangerworksinmuchthesamewayasaradiatorinanautomobile,exceptthat
seawaterratherthanairisusedtocooltheengine'scoolingwater.