An 802.11 wireless adapter (WNIC) can operate in two modes known as
infrastructure mode and ad hoc mode:
Infrastructure: In an infrastructure mode network the wireless adapter
needs a wireless access point or a wireless router for communication. All
wireless nodes in an infrastructure mode network connect to an access point
or a wireless router.
Ad-hoc: A wireless ad hoc network does not rely on a preexisting
infrastructure, such as routers in wired networks or access points in
managed (infrastructure) wireless networks. It typically refers to any set
of networks where all devices have equal status on a network and
are free to associate with any other ad hoc network device in link range in
peer to peer communication mode.
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