Introduction
Our goal in this manual is to show you what you need to know to obtain the screens in the text and to do
the Explorations, not to make you an expert in using graphing calculators. We want you spending your time
and energy learning calculus, rather than learning how to use your graphing calculator! We believe you will
discover that very little effort is needed to perform quite remarkable tasks on the graphing calculators.
The manual introduces a feature of the graphing calculator the first time that feature is needed in the text.
Thus, the manual is read together with the text and section headings in this manual correspond to section
headings in the text. Every needed keystroke is given.
In this manual calculator keystrokes are always shown boxed. For example, the ENTER key is designated
as ENTER , the 8 key is designated as 8 , and the B key by B . To actually type the letter on the screen
of your calculator you must use the ALPHA key. Notice that each letter is located above the right side of
some key. For example, on the TI-82 the letter Q is located above the right side of the 9 key. We will refer
to this key as both the 9 key and also the Q key. To write the letter Q on the TI-82 you must press the two
keys ALPHA Q .
In general, we will refer to a key using either the symbols on or above the key.
Above the right side of some of the keys are some symbols other than letters. To write these symbols you
must use the ALPHA key as with letters. All of these keys are self explanatory, except for the symbol t
above the 0 (zero) key. This symbol represents a space.
Above the left side of most of the keys you will see some functions. To access these functions you must use
the 2nd key. For example, above the left side of the x
2
key is the square root symbol
√
. To find the
square root of 4 press the keys
2nd
√
4 ENTER
and the calculator returns a 2.
On the TI-82 there is an important distinction between the two keys − and (−) . The key − is the
subtraction key, while (−) is the negation key. Thus, the expression x − 1 is X,T,θ − 1 , whereas the
expression −x − 1 is (−) X,T,θ − 1 .
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