AUTO ARC 120 - WELDING DEFECTS: PENETRATION, BURN-THROUGH, WAVINESS, AND DISTORTION

Table
7-5.
Excessive
Penetration
Burn-Through

weld
metal
melting
completely
through
base
metal
resulting
in
holes
where
no
metal
remains.
S-0640
Waviness
Of
Bead

weld
metal
that
is
not
cover
joint
parallel
formed
b
and
does
not
y
base
metal.
S-0641
Distortion

contraction
of
weld
metal
during
base
metal
to
welding
that
move.
forces
Base metal
moves
in
the direction
of
the weld
bead.
S-0642
Table
7-8.
Distortion
Possible
Causes Corrective
Actions
Excessive
heat
input.
Use
restraint
(clamp)
to
hold base
metal
in
position.
Make
tack
welds
along joint
before
starting welding operation.
Select
lower
voltage
range
and/or
reduce wire feed
speed.
Increase
travel
speed.
Weld
in
small
segments
and
allow
cooling
between welds.
Table
7-6.
Burn-Through
L
Possible
Causes
Corrective
Actions
Excessive
heat
input.
Select
lower
voltage
range
and reduce
wire
feed
speed.
Increase
and/or
maintain
steady
travel
speed.
Table
7-7.
Waviness
Of
Bead
Possible Causes
Corrective
Actions
Welding
wire extends
too
far
out
of
nozzle.
Be
sure
welding
wire
extends
not
more
than
1/2
in
(13
mm)
beyond
nozzle.
Unsteady
hand.
Support
hand
on
solid surface
or
use
two
hands.
OM.151
015
Page
20