Selkirk College IATPL Program Manual
Beech 95 POH Effective September 1, 2005 Appendix 14 - 15
Weight and Balance Terminology
Reference Datum is an imaginary vertical plane from which all horizontal
distances are measured for balance purposes.
Station is a location along the airplane fuselage given in terms of the
distance from the reference datum.
Arm is the horizontal distance from the reference datum to the center of
gravity (C.G.) of an item.
Moment is the product of the weight of an item multiplied by its arm.
Center of Gravity (C.G.) is the point at which an airplane, or equipment,
would balance if suspended. Its distance from the reference datum is found
by dividing the total moment by the total weight of the airplane.
Center of Gravity Arm is the arm obtained by adding the airplanes
individual moments and dividing the sum by the total weight.
Center of Gravity Limits are the extreme center of gravity locations within
which the airplane must be operated at a given weight.
Empty weight is the weight of the standard airframe plus any optional
equipment installed plus full oil.
Useful load is the difference between ramp weight and the empty weight.
Ramp weight is the maximum weight approved for ground maneuver. It
includes the weight of start, taxi, and runup fuel.
Maximum Takeoff Weight is the maximum weight approved for the start of
the takeoff run.
Maximum Landing Weight is the maximum weight approved for the
landing touchdown.
Tare is the weight of chocks, blocks, stands, etc. used when weighing an
airplane, and is included in the scale reading. Tare is deducted from the
scale reading to obtain the actual (net) airplane weight.
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