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Cessna 172 Skyhawk SERIES User Manual

Cessna 172 Skyhawk SERIES
298 pages
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Table of Contents

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Cessna 172 Skyhawk SERIES Specifications

General IconGeneral
ManufacturerCessna
Model172 Skyhawk
EngineLycoming IO-360-L2A
Horsepower180 hp
Wingspan36 ft 1 in (11.0 m)
Height8 ft 11 in (2.72 m)
Cruise Speed124 knots (143 mph, 230 km/h)
Range696 nmi (801 mi, 1, 289 km)
Seating Capacity4
Length27 ft 2 in
Service Ceiling13, 500 ft (4, 100 m)
Maximum Takeoff Weight2, 550 lb (1, 157 kg)
Fuel Capacity56 US gal (212 L)
Rate of Climb720 ft/min (3.7 m/s)

Summary

FOREWORD

SECTION 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

1-1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Provides a detailed description of the aircraft's construction and features.

1-2. MODEL 172-SERIES

Specifies the model series covered by this manual.

1-3. DESCRIPTION

Details the aircraft's high-wing, all-metal, semimonocoque construction and key features.

1-4. AIRCRAFT SPECIFICATIONS

Lists leading particulars and dimensions based on gross weight for aircraft specifications.

1-5. STATIONS

Explains the use of station diagrams for locating equipment.

1-6. TORQUE VALUES

Presents a chart of recommended nut torque values for installation procedures.

SECTION 2 GROUND HANDLING, SERVICING, CLEANING, LUBRICATION AND INSPECTION

GROUND HANDLING

Covers various aspects of ground handling, including towing, hoisting, and parking.

SERVICING

Outlines servicing procedures for fuel, engine oil, and other systems.

LUBRICATION

Details lubrication requirements for various aircraft components.

INSPECTION

Specifies items to be inspected as part of routine maintenance.

2-3. HOISTING

2-4. JACKING

2-5. LEVELING

2-6. PARKING

2-7. TIE-DOWN

2-8. FLYABLE STORAGE

2-9. RETURNING AIRCRAFT TO SERVICE

2-10. TEMPORARY STORAGE

2-11. INSPECTION DURING STORAGE

2-12. RETURNING AIRCRAFT TO SERVICE

2-13. INDEFINITE STORAGE

2-14. INSPECTION DURING STORAGE

2-15. RETURNING AIRCRAFT TO SERVICE

2-18. FUEL

2-19. FUEL DRAINS

2-20. CARBURETOR DRAIN PLUG INSPECTION

2-21. ENGINE OIL

2-22. ENGINE INDUCTION AIR FILTER

2-23. VACUUM SYSTEM FILTER

2-24. BATTERY

2-25. TIRES

2-26. NOSE GEAR SHOCK STRUT

2-27. NOSE GEAR SHIMMY DAMPENER

2-28. HYDRAULIC BRAKE SYSTEMS

2-29. CLEANING

2-31. WINDSHIELD AND WINDOWS

2-32. PLASTIC TRIM

2-33. PAINTED SURFACES

2-34. ALUMINUM SURFACES

2-35. ENGINE AND ENGINE COMPARTMENT

2-36. UPHOLSTERY AND INTERIOR

2-37. PROPELLER

2-38. WHEELS

2-39. LUBRICATION

2-40. Lubrication requirements

Refers to figure 2-5 for lubrication requirements and supplements it with details.

2-41. WHEEL BEARINGS

Specifies cleaning and repacking intervals for wheel bearings.

2-42. NOSE GEAR TORQUE LINKS

Details lubrication requirements for nose gear torque links.

2-43. WING FLAP ACTUATOR

Outlines cleaning and lubrication procedures for the wing flap actuator jack screw.

2-44. FUEL SELECTOR VALVE

Details inspection requirements for the fuel selector valve and drive shaft.

SECTION 15 INSTRUMENTS AND INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS

15-1. INSTRUMENTS AND INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS

Overview of typical instrument installations and their respective operating systems.

15-2. GENERAL

Emphasis on troubleshooting and corrective measures for instrument systems.

15-3. INSTRUMENT PANEL

15-4. DESCRIPTION

Describes the instrument panel assembly, including stationary and shock-mounted panels.

15-5. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Procedures for removing and installing the shock-mounted instrument panel.

15-6. SHOCK MOUNTS

Emphasizes the importance of shock-mounting for instrument service life.

15-7. INSTRUMENTS

Details the removal and installation of individual instruments.

15-8. REMOVAL

Instructions for removing instruments from the panel.

15-9. INSTALLATION

General installation procedures, emphasizing proper tightening and connections.

15-10. PITOT AND STATIC SYSTEMS

15-11. DESCRIPTION

Describes the pitot and static systems, including airspeed, vertical speed, and altimeter connections.

15-12. MAINTENANCE

Emphasizes essential maintenance for pitot and static systems, focusing on cleanliness and security.

15-13. STATIC PRESSURE SYSTEM INSPECTION AND LEAKAGE TEST

Outlines the procedure for inspecting and testing the static pressure system for leaks.

15-14. PITOT SYSTEM INSPECTION AND LEAKAGE TEST

15-15. BLOWING OUT LINES

15-16. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF COMPONENTS

15-17. ENCODING ALTIMETER

15-18. DESCRIPTION

Describes the encoding altimeter and its connection to the static system.

15-19. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Refers to Figure 15-2, Sheet 2 for encoding altimeter removal and installation.

15-20. TROUBLE SHOOTING--PITOT STATIC SYSTEM

15-21. TRUE AIRSPEED INDICATOR

15-22. DESCRIPTION

Describes the true airspeed indicator and its operation with a conversion ring.

15-23. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Instructions for installing and calibrating the true airspeed indicator.

15-24. TROUBLE SHOOTING--AIRSPEED INDICATOR

15-25. TROUBLE SHOOTING--ALTIMETER

15-26. TROUBLE SHOOTING--VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR

15-30. TROUBLE SHOOTING--VACUUM SYSTEM

15-31. TROUBLE SHOOTING-- GYROS

15-32. TROUBLE SHOOTING--VACUUM PUMP

15-33. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

15-34. CLEANING

15-35. VACUUM RELIEF VALVE ADJUSTMENT

15-36. ENGINE INDICATORS

15-37. TACHOMETER

Describes the mechanical tachometer and its drive shaft.

15-39. OIL PRESSURE GAGE

Describes the Bourdon tube-type oil pressure gage and its connection.

15-40. DESCRIPTION

Details the Bourdon tube-type oil pressure gauge and its operation.

15-41. TROUBLE SHOOTING

Troubleshooting chart for oil pressure gauge issues.

15-42. OIL TEMPERATURE GAGE

Describes the oil temperature gauge and its electrical connections.

15-43. DESCRIPTION

Describes the oil temperature gauge's electrical operation.

15-44. CARBURETOR AIR TEMPERATURE GAGE

Describes the carburetor air temperature gauge and its system.

15-45. DESCRIPTION

Describes the resistance-bridge type carburetor air temperature gauge.

15-46. TROUBLE SHOOTING

Troubleshooting chart for carburetor air temperature gauge issues.

15-47. FUEL QUANTITY INDICATING SYSTEM

15-48. DESCRIPTION

Describes the magnetic type fuel quantity indicators and float-operated transmitters.

15-49. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF FUEL QUANTITY TRANSMITTERS

Procedures for removing and installing fuel quantity transmitters.

15-50. TROUBLE SHOOTING

Troubleshooting chart for fuel quantity indicator issues.

15-51. TRANSMITTER CALIBRATION

15-52. HOURMETER

15-53. DESCRIPTION

Describes the electrically operated hourmeter and its actuation.

15-54. MAGNETIC COMPASS

15-55. DESCRIPTION

Describes the liquid-filled magnetic compass and its compensation.

15-56. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Refers to Figure 15-5 for magnetic compass removal and installation.

15-57. STALL WARNING SYSTEM

15-58. DESCRIPTION

Describes the stall warning system, including its adjustable plate and horn.

15-59. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Refers to Figure 15-5 for stall warning system removal and installation.

15-60. TURN COORDINATOR

15-61. DESCRIPTION

Describes the turn coordinator as an electrically operated gyroscopic instrument.

15-62. TROUBLE SHOOTING

Troubleshooting chart for turn coordinator issues.

15-63. TURN-AND-SLIP INDICATOR

15-64. DESCRIPTION

Describes the turn-and-slip indicator as an electrically operated instrument.

15-65. TROUBLE SHOOTING

Troubleshooting chart for turn-and-slip indicator issues.

SECTION 16 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

Overview of the aircraft electrical systems.

Electrical Power Supply System

Describes the 12-volt, single-wire, negative ground electrical system.

Split Bus Bar

Describes the split bus bar that supplies power to equipment and electronic installations.

Master Switch

Describes the operation of the battery and alternator systems via the master switch.

Ammeter

Describes the ammeter's function in indicating current flow to or from the battery.

Battery Power System

Details the battery's specifications and mounting.

Battery

Describes the 12-volt, 25 ampere-hour battery.

16-14. TROUBLE SHOOTING THE BATTERY POWER SYSTEM

16-15. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

16-16. CLEANING THE BATTERY

16-17. ADDING ELECTROLYTE OR WATER TO THE BATTERY

16-18. TESTING THE BATTERY

16-19. CHARGING THE BATTERY

16-20. BATTERY BOX

16-21. DESCRIPTION

Describes the acid-proof battery box and its vent system.

16-22. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Procedures for removing and installing the battery box.

16-23. MAINTENANCE OF BATTERY BOX

Instructions for inspecting and cleaning the battery box.

16-24. BATTERY CONTACTOR

Describes the battery contactor and its function.

16-25. DESCRIPTION

Details the plunger-type contactor actuated by the master switch.

16-26. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Procedures for removing and installing the battery contactor.

16-27. BATTERY CONTACTOR CLOSING CIRCUIT

Describes the circuit used to close the contactor when the battery is weak.

16-28. DESCRIPTION

Explains the components of the battery contactor closing circuit.

16-29. GROUND SERVICE RECEPTACLE

Describes the optional ground service receptacle for external power.

16-30. DESCRIPTION

Details the ground service receptacle's polarity protection system.

16-31. TROUBLE SHOOTING

STARTER ENGAGES WHEN GROUND POWER IS CON NECTED

Troubleshooting chart for starter engagement with ground power.

GROUND POWER WILL NOT CRANK ENGINE

Troubleshooting chart for ground power failure to crank the engine.

16-32. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

16-33. ALTERNATOR POWER SYSTEM

16-34. DESCRIPTION

Describes the alternator system, including the regulator and warning light.

16-35. ALTERNATOR

Describes the 60-ampere alternator's specifications.

16-36. DESCRIPTION

Details the alternator's construction and output rating.

16-37. TROUBLE SHOOTING THE ALTERNATOR SYSTEM

ALTERNATOR SYSTEM WILL NOT KEEP BAT TERY CHARGED. (cont)

Troubleshooting for alternator system failure to charge the battery.

ALTERNATOR OVERCHARGES BATTERY - BATTERY USES EXCESSIVE WATER

Troubleshooting for alternator overcharging the battery.

16-38. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

16-39. OVER-VOLTAGE WARNING SYSTEM

16-40. DESCRIPTION

Describes the over-voltage system, including sensor switch and warning light.

16-41. ALTERNATOR VOLTAGE REGULATOR

16-42. DESCRIPTION

Describes the voltage regulator's function and components.

16-43. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Procedures for removing and installing the voltage regulator.

16-44. AIRCRAFT LIGHTING SYSTEM

16-45. DESCRIPTION

Lists the components of the aircraft lighting system.

16-46. TROUBLE SHOOTING

Troubleshooting chart for various aircraft lighting issues.

16-47. LANDING AND TAXI LIGHT

16-48. DESCRIPTION

Describes the landing and taxi light's location and control.

16-49. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Procedures for removing and installing the landing and taxi light.

16-50. ADJUSTMENT OF LANDING AND TAXI LIGHT

Instructions for adjusting the landing and taxi light.

16-51. LANDING AND TAXI LIGHTS (DUAL)

Describes optional dual landing and taxi lights.

16-52. DESCRIPTION

Details the optional dual landing and taxi lights and their controls.

16-53. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Procedures for removing and installing dual landing and taxi lights.

16-54. NAVIGATION LIGHTS

16-55. DESCRIPTION

Describes the navigation lights mounted on wing tips and vertical fin.

16-56. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Refers to Figure 16-6 for navigation lights removal and installation.

16-57. ANTI-COLLISION STROBE LIGHTS

16-58. DESCRIPTION

Describes the strobe light's operation and power supply.

16-59. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Refers to Figure 16-6 for strobe light and power supply removal and installation.

16-61. FLASHING BEACON

16-62. DESCRIPTION

Describes the flashing beacon light's attachment, lamp, and resistor.

16-63. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Refers to Figure 16-7 for flashing beacon removal and installation.

16-64. INSTRUMENT AND DOME LIGHTS

16-65. DESCRIPTION

Describes the instrument flood light and dome light, including their controls.

16-66. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Refers to Figure 16-8 for instrument and dome light removal and installation.

16-67. COURTESY LIGHTS

16-68. DESCRIPTION

Describes the courtesy lights mounted on the underside of each wing.

16-69. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Refers to Figure 16-8 for courtesy lights removal and installation.

16-70. COMPASS AND RADIO DIAL LIGHTING

16-71. DESCRIPTION

Describes the compass and radio dial lights controlled by the instrument flood light switch.

16-72. INSTRUMENT POST LIGHTING

16-73. DESCRIPTION

Describes individual post lighting for instrument lighting.

16-74. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Procedures for removing and installing post lamps.

16-75. TRANSISTORIZED LIGHT DIMMING

16-76. DESCRIPTION

Describes a remotely located, two-circuit transistorized dimming assembly.

16-77. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Refers to Figure 16-9 for transistorized dimming assembly removal and installation.

16-78. MAP LIGHTING

16-79. DESCRIPTION

Describes the adjustable map light and its controls.

16-80. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Refers to Figure 16-10 for map light removal and installation.

16-81. CONTROL WHEEL MAP LIGHT

16-82. DESCRIPTION

Describes the control wheel map light mounted on the lower side of the control wheel.

16-83. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Procedures for removing and installing the map light assembly.

16-84. PITOT HEATER

16-85. DESCRIPTION

Describes the pitot heater's function in preventing ice formations.

16-86. CIGAR LIGHTER

16-87. DESCRIPTION

Describes the cigar lighter and its thermal-actuated circuit breaker.

16-88. EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER

16-89. DESCRIPTION

Describes the ELT as a self-contained unit with dual emergency frequencies.

16-90. OPERATION

Explains the operation of the ELT's three-position switch.

16-91. CHECKOUT INTERVAL

Specifies the checkout interval for the ELT, including test procedures.

16-92. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF TRANSMITTER

Procedures for removing and installing the ELT transmitter.

16-93. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF ANTENNA

16-94. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF LITHIUM FOUR (4) CELL BATTERY-PACK

NOTE

Transmitters with 4 cell battery packs can only be replaced with another 4 cell battery-pack.

16-95. TROUBLE SHOOTING

SECTION 18 STRUCTURAL REPAIR

STRUCTURAL REPAIR

Overview of structural repair criteria, equipment, and materials.

Repair Materials

Details on materials used for structural repairs, including aluminum alloy types.

Wing

Covers wing structure, including skin, stringers, ribs, spars, and leading edge repairs.

Ailerons

Details on negligible, repairable, and replacement-requiring damage to ailerons.

Wing Flaps

Covers negligible, repairable, and replacement-requiring damage to wing flaps.

Elevators and Rudder

Details negligible, repairable, and replacement-requiring damage to elevators and rudder.

Fuselage

Covers fuselage structure and types of damage, including corrosion and wrinkles.

Bonded Doors

Describes repairable damage to bonded doors.

FIREWALL DAMAGE

Outlines procedures for repairing firewall damage.

ENGINE MOUNT

Covers engine mount description, general considerations, and repair of cradle damage.

Baffles

Discusses replacement of damaged baffles.

Engine Cowling

Covers repair of cowling skins and reinforcement angles.

18-14. REPAIRABLE DAMAGE

18-15. DAMAGE NECESSITATING REPLACEMENT OF PARTS

18-16. WING STRINGERS

18-17. NEGLIGIBLE DAMAGE

Refers to paragraph 18-13 for negligible damage criteria.

18-18. REPAIRABLE DAMAGE

Outlines a typical wing stringer repair method.

18-19. DAMAGE NECESSITATING REPLACEMENT OF PARTS

Recommends replacement if a stringer requires more than one section splice.

18-20. WING AUXILIARY SPARS

18-21. NEGLIGIBLE DAMAGE

Refers to paragraph 18-13 for negligible damage criteria.

18-22. REPAIRABLE DAMAGE

Illustrates a typical auxiliary spar repair.

18-23. DAMAGE NECESSITATING REPLACEMENT OF PARTS

Recommends replacing auxiliary spars if damage requires repair between adjacent ribs.

18-24. WING RIBS

18-25. NEGLIGIBLE DAMAGE

Refers to paragraph 18-13 for negligible damage criteria.

18-26. REPAIRABLE DAMAGE

Illustrates a typical wing rib repair.

18-27. DAMAGE NECESSITATING REPLACEMENT OF PARTS

Recommends replacing leading/trailing edge ribs or center ribs if damage is extensive.

18-28. WING SPARS

18-29. NEGLIGIBLE DAMAGE

Defines negligible damage for wing spars, excluding cracks and stress wrinkles.

18-30. REPAIRABLE DAMAGE

Illustrates typical spar repairs and suggests using service parts or kits.

18-31. DAMAGE NECESSITATING REPLACEMENT OF PARTS

Recommends replacing complete wing spars if damage is not practicable to repair.

18-32. AILERONS

18-33. NEGLIGIBLE DAMAGE

Refers to paragraph 18-13 for negligible damage criteria for elevators and rudder.

18-34. REPAIRABLE DAMAGE

Outlines repairs for aileron leading edge skins and flat surfaces.

18-35. DAMAGE NECESSITATING REPLACEMENT OF PARTS

Recommends replacing complete skin panels if damage cannot be made between adjacent ribs.

18-36. AILERON BALANCING

Provides instructions for balancing ailerons after repair, replacement, or painting.

18-37. WING FLAPS

18-38. NEGLIGIBLE DAMAGE

Refers to paragraph 18-13 for negligible damage criteria for elevators and rudder.

18-39. REPAIRABLE DAMAGE

Describes flap repairs similar to aileron repairs and shows leading edge repair.

18-40. DAMAGE NECESSITATING REPLACEMENT OF PARTS

Recommends replacing flap parts if damage requires repair between adjacent ribs.

18-41. WING LEADING EDGE

18-42. NEGLIGIBLE DAMAGE

Refers to paragraph 18-13 for negligible damage criteria.

18-43. REPAIRABLE DAMAGE

Shows a typical leading edge skin repair and suggests using epoxy filler.

18-44. DAMAGE NECESSITATING REPLACEMENT OF PARTS

Recommends replacing complete leading edge skin panels for extensive damage.

18-45. ELEVATORS AND RUDDER

18-46. NEGLIGIBLE DAMAGE

Defines negligible damage for elevator surfaces, excluding hinge fittings and structure.

18-47. REPAIRABLE DAMAGE

Illustrates skin patches for elevator/rudder damage and mentions balancing.

18-48. DAMAGE NECESSITATING REPLACEMENT OF PARTS

Recommends replacing elevator/rudder assemblies for extensive damage.

18-49. ELEVATOR AND RUDDER BALANCING

Provides instructions for balancing elevators and rudders after repair or replacement.

18-50. FIN AND STABILIZER

18-51. NEGLIGIBLE DAMAGE

Refers to paragraph 18-13 for negligible damage criteria.

18-52. REPAIRABLE DAMAGE

Shows skin patches for fin damage and access methods.

18-53. DAMAGE NECESSITATING REPLACEMENT OF PARTS

Recommends replacing complete skin panels for extensive damage or compound curves.

18-54. FUSELAGE

18-55. DESCRIPTION

Describes the fuselage construction, including bulkheads, stringers, and skin panels.

18-56. NEGLIGIBLE DAMAGE

Refers to paragraph 18-13 for negligible damage criteria for fuselage.

18-57. REPAIRABLE DAMAGE

18-58. DAMAGE NECESSITATING REPLACEMENT OF PARTS

18-58A. BONDED DOORS

18-58B. REPAIRABLE DAMAGE

Describes repairable damage to bonded doors using similar methods to riveted structure.

18-59. BULKHEADS

18-60. LANDING GEAR BULKHEADS

Discusses the impracticality of patch repairs for landing gear bulkheads due to stress and shape.

18-61. REPAIR AFTER HARD LANDING

Describes evidence of damage after a hard landing and inspection procedures.

18-62. REPLACEMENT OF HI-SHEAR RIVETS

18-63. FIREWALL DAMAGE

18-64. ENGINE MOUNT

18-65. DESCRIPTION

Describes the engine mount's construction and its attachment to the firewall.

18-66. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

Emphasizes the importance of high-quality welding for engine mounts due to vibration.

18-67. ENGINE MOUNT SUPPORT CRADLE DAMAGE

Outlines minor repair procedures for engine mount cradle damage.

18-68. DAMAGE INVOLVING ENGINE MOUNTING LUGS AND ENGINE MOUNT TO FUSELAGE ATTACH ING FITTINGS

States that engine mounting lugs and fittings must be replaced if damaged.

18-69. BAFFLES

Discusses replacement of damaged baffles and the use of plate reinforcements.

18-70. ENGINE COWLING

Covers repair of cowling skins and reinforcement angles.

18-71. REPAIR OF COWLING SKINS

Outlines repair procedures for cowling skins, including stop-drilling cracks.

18-72. REPAIR OF REINFORCEMENT ANGLES

States that cowl reinforcement angles must be replaced if damaged.

18-73. REPAIR OF ABS COMPONENTS

Recommends using a specific repair kit for ABS components.

SECTION 19 PAINTING

NOTE

Contains standard factory materials listing and area of application for painting.

19-1. PAINTING OF FORMED ABS PLASTIC PARTS

19-2. INTERIOR PARTS (Finish Coat of Lacquer)

Basic steps for touch-up or painting of formed ABS plastic parts for interior.

19-3. EXTERIOR PARTS (Acrylic Topcoat)

Steps for touch-up or painting of exterior ABS plastic parts with acrylic topcoat.

19-4. EXTERIOR PARTS (Epoxy or Polyurethane Topcoat)

Procedures for painting exterior parts with epoxy or polyurethane topcoat.

SECTION 20 WIRING DIAGRAMS

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