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Details safety requirements for module installation and use, referencing standards.
Covers essential safety practices for installers, electrical shock risks, and environmental conditions.
Outlines safe procedures for handling, storing, and preventing damage during module use.
Emphasizes working in dry conditions and using insulated tools to prevent electrical hazards.
Provides guidelines for storing modules outdoors and avoiding damage during transport.
Warns against disconnecting under load, touching live parts, and the risk of burns/shocks.
Advises on avoiding rain, snow, wind, and protecting cables from sun and scratches.
Stresses keeping children away from the system during installation and transport.
Mandates using approved connectors and warns against removing them, which voids warranty.
Details requirements for roof coverage, ventilation, and fireproof materials for roof installations.
Warns that improper installation can create fire hazards for the building.
Recommends using appropriate fuses, circuit breakers, and grounding connectors.
Prohibits module use near flammable gases or in locations where they may accumulate.
Describes information found on the module's nameplate, including electrical ratings and dimensions.
Explains the serial number and barcode system for tracking module manufacturing and details.
Guides on selecting locations for maximum sunlight and proper orientation in hemispheres.
Advises against any shading of modules throughout the day for optimal performance.
Specifies recommended ambient and limit operating temperatures for module installation.
Details precautions for installations near the sea to prevent galvanic corrosion.
Lists areas and substances that modules must be protected from to ensure safety and performance.
Prohibits module placement in areas where flammable gases are generated or concentrated.
Specifies material requirements for mounting structures, emphasizing durability and UV resistance.
Stresses ensuring the installation method can withstand predetermined load conditions.
Advises on setting module height to avoid snow coverage and shading by plants/soil.
Recommends a minimum distance from the ground for ground-mounted systems.
Mandates providing adequate ventilation under the modules according to local regulations.
Details secure attachment methods and recommended clamp compression to avoid frame damage.
Explains clamp placement and quantity for module mounting, emphasizing frame protection.
Presents test and design loads for modules under normal and severe environmental conditions.
Details clamp positions and load specifications for mounting modules on short sides.
Details clamp positions and load specifications for mounting modules on long sides.
Details screw mounting methods, dimensions, and load specifications for module installation.
Details terminal clamp positions on short sides and load specifications for module installation.
Details terminal clamp positions on long sides and load specifications for module installation.
Details screw mounting on long sides, dimensions, and load specifications for module installation.
Emphasizes using compatible components to prevent galvanic corrosion and warranty issues.
Advises against mixing modules with different configurations in the same system.
Guides on organizing cables, protecting them from elements, and avoiding damage.
Explains connecting modules in series for voltage and parallel for current in system design.
States maximum system voltage ratings based on product family and standards.
Recommends using appropriate string fuses for circuit protection based on module and local codes.
Advises selecting cable cross-section and connector capacity for maximum short circuit current.
Warns against overtightening cables, as damage is not covered by warranty.
Stresses observing the cable manufacturer's specified bending radius for cables and connectors.
Highlights the decrease in isolation resistance with more modules, potentially causing inverter faults.
Recommends using original connectors, warns against alternatives invalidating warranty.
Advises mating connectors until a click is heard for reliable connection and moisture prevention.
Warns of poor connectivity and leakage from long-term wet exposure, recommending inspections.
Advises consulting designers and local utilities for grid connection policies and permits.
Recommends installing lightning protection for larger installations per local regulations.
Refers to regional/national standards for grounding and connector type requirements.
Explains connecting the anodized aluminum frame to the system ground wire for safety.
Specifies using pre-drilled holes marked with a grounding sign for grounding purposes.
Recommends performing regular inspections and maintenance during the warranty period.
Details key visual checks including cell color, glass integrity, sharp objects, shading, corrosion, and burns.
Provides guidelines for cleaning modules using distilled water, soft cloths, and mild agents.
Recommends checking connectors and wiring for damage, corrosion, and current leakage semi-annually.
States the manufacturer's disclaimer for losses arising from installation, operation, or maintenance.
Notes that information is based on knowledge but does not constitute a warranty.
This document provides an installation and safe operation manual for ENCOR photovoltaic modules, manufactured by Corab. It outlines essential information for installers to ensure proper and safe deployment of these solar panels.
ENCOR photovoltaic modules are designed to convert sunlight into electricity. They are suitable for systems with direct current voltage greater than 50V or 240W, making them appropriate for various solar energy applications. The modules are classified as security class II according to IEC 61140 and meet the requirements of IEC 61215 and IEC 61730, indicating their compliance with international standards for performance and safety. These modules are intended for use in solar electric systems, contributing to renewable energy generation.
General Installation: Installation of ENCOR modules requires specialized skills and knowledge, and it must be performed by authorized and trained personnel. Installers are responsible for understanding and mitigating all risks, including electric shock. A single module can generate over 30V DC in direct sunlight, posing a risk of personal injury, so direct contact should be avoided. The modules are recommended for installation at altitudes below 2000m and can be ground-mounted or rooftop-mounted. Proper design of support structures is crucial and falls under the responsibility of system designers and installers. All local, regional, and national statutory regulations must be followed, and building permits obtained if necessary.
Electrical Characteristics: The electrical characteristics of the modules are within ±3% of the indicated values for Isc, Voc, and Pmax under standard test conditions (1000 W/m² irradiance, AM 1.5 spectrum, 25 °C cell temperature). Only equipment, connectors, wiring, and support frames suitable for solar electric systems should be used.
Safety Precautions: Fall protection equipment is mandatory when working at heights, adhering to OSHA or local safety regulations. Modules should not be sat, stood, stepped, or walked on. Soaking any part of the module in water, except for natural rainfall or periodic cleaning, or continuously impacting it with water, is prohibited. Pallets should be stored in a ventilated, rain-proof, and dry location until unpacking. Direct pressure on the backsheet or glass during transportation is to be avoided. The module package should remain sealed until installation. Improper transport can damage the module and void the warranty. Modules should not be lifted by their junction box or electrical leads, and heavy or sharp objects should not be placed on them. Disassembly, removal of nameplates, or components is not permitted. Mirrors, magnifiers, or artificially concentrated sunlight should not be used on the modules. Paint or adhesive should not be applied to the module's top surface or backsheet. Scratching, denting, or hitting the backsheet can damage cells. Drilling holes in the frame is prohibited as it compromises strength, causes corrosion, and voids the warranty. Modules with broken glass or torn backsheet are irreparable and must not be used due to electric shock risk.
Installation Safety: Work should only be conducted under dry conditions with dry tools. Handling modules in wet conditions is only permissible with appropriate protective equipment. Uninstalled modules stored outdoors must be covered, with the glass facing down on a soft, flat surface to prevent water accumulation and connector damage. Electrical connections should never be disconnected or unplugged while the circuit is under load. Contact with electrically active parts can cause burns, sparks, and lethal shock. Unnecessary touching of the PV module during installation should be avoided, as the glass surface and frame can be hot. Modules must be completely covered with opaque material during installation to prevent electricity generation. Working in rain, snow, or windy conditions is not allowed. Cables and connectors should be protected from direct sunlight, scratches, or cuts to prevent insulation degradation. Children must be kept away from the system during transport and installation. Only insulated tools approved for electrical installations should be used. Metallic rings, watchbands, or other metallic devices should not be worn during installation or troubleshooting. All local, regional, and national safety regulations for electrical power plant stations and other system components must be followed.
Electrical Considerations: Under normal conditions, modules may produce more current/voltage than reported at standard test conditions. Isc and Voc values should be multiplied by a factor of 1.25 for determining component voltage ratings, conductor current ratings, minimum fuse sizes, and control sizes. Only identical connectors should be used for string connections or connections to other devices; removing connectors voids the warranty.
Fire Safety: Local authorities should be consulted for fire safety guidelines. Modules are rated Fire Class C. When installing on a roof, a fireproof material layer and sufficient ventilation between the module frame and installation surface are required. Improper installation can create fire hazards. Appropriate components like fuses, circuit breakers, and grounding connectors must be used as required by local authorities. Modules should not be used near equipment or locations where flammable gases may be generated or collected.
Product Identification: Each module has two labels: a nameplate detailing product type, rated power, current, voltage, short circuit current, weight, dimensions, and maximum system voltage; and a barcode with a unique serial number, model number, manufacturing time, and corresponding serial number. The barcode is permanently fixed to the internal part of the module (excluding black modules) and visible from the top.
Tilt Angle Selection: The tilt angle, measured between the module surface and a horizontal ground surface, influences power output. Modules generate maximum power when facing the sun directly. To facilitate rain washing of accumulated dust, modules should be installed with specific inclination angles (e.g., 5° for EC 370M/375M series and 10° for EC 395M/405M series).
Location Selection: Modules should be installed in a location receiving maximum sunlight throughout the year. In the northern hemisphere, modules are recommended to face south, and in the southern hemisphere, north. Shading should be avoided. The recommended ambient temperature is -20°C to 40°C, with an operating limit of -40°C to 85°C. Modules have passed IEC61701 salt-mist requirements, but galvanic corrosion can occur between the aluminum frame and mounting/grounding hardware if different metals are used. Near the sea, modules should be installed at least 500m from the coastline, and offshore installations require manufacturer confirmation. Modules should not be installed in areas with excessive salt, hail, snow, sand, dust, air pollution, chemically active substances, acid rain, or soot. Flammable gases should not be easily generated or concentrated near modules.
Conventional Mounting Requirements: Mounting structures must be durable, corrosion-resistant, and UV-resistant. Tested and certified mounting structures, preferably from Corab S.A., should be used. The installation method and bracket system must be strong enough to withstand predetermined load conditions. Safety instructions from support frame suppliers must be followed. In heavy snowfall regions, the mounting system height should prevent the lowest module edge from being covered by snow. The lowest portion of the module should be high enough to avoid shading by plants/trees or damage from ground soil. For ground mounting, the minimum distance from the ground to the module bottom is 60cm. Adequate ventilation under modules must be provided according to local regulations. Modules must be securely attached to the mounting structure. For clamping systems, the maximum compression for each clamp is 2900 PSI (20 MPa) to prevent frame damage. Clamps manufactured by Corab S.A. are recommended.
Mounting with Clamps: When using clamp-mounting, at least four clamps per module are required, two on each long side (portrait orientation) or each short side (landscape orientation). The minimum recommended length for each fixture is 50mm. Additional clamps may be needed based on local wind and snow loads. Clamps should not contact the front glass or deform the frame. Clamps should avoid shadowing effects. The recommended minimum distance between module frame and roof surface is 70mm (for EC 370M/375M) or 100mm (for EC 395M/405M), with tightening torques of 10-12Nm or 18-24Nm respectively, and clamp overlap depths of 7-11mm or 7-12mm. The frame should not receive lateral tension or pressure to prevent deformation or glass cracking. Roof construction must be suitable, and any roof penetrations sealed. Linear thermal expansion of module frames should be accounted for (1cm minimum distance between modules). Columns and module installation structures must withstand expected local wind and snow loads. Modules should not be subjected to wind/snow loads exceeding permissible values or excessive forces from thermal expansion. Modules should not overlap or protrude beyond the roof outline.
Fastening Guidelines: Standard/lower loading capacity (normal environment) involves modules tested under a maximum positive pressure of 2400 Pa and negative pressure of 1600 Pa or 2400 Pa. The design load is 1600 Pa positive and 1067 Pa negative, with a safety factor of 1.5. High loading capacity (severe environment like storm, heavy snow) involves modules tested under a maximum positive pressure of 5400 Pa and negative pressure of 2400 Pa. The design load is 3600 Pa positive and 1600 Pa negative, with a safety factor of 1.5.
Electrical Installation: To avoid galvanic corrosion, all components must be compatible with the module material. Damages from galvanic corrosion are not covered by the warranty. Using modules with different grounding or wiring configurations in the same system is not recommended. Excessive cables must be organized and fixed using non-metallic cable ties. Solar cables, connectors, and junction boxes should not be exposed to water, snow, or submersion for long periods (IP65/67/68). For high operating voltage, modules can be connected in series; system voltage equals the sum of individual module voltages. For high operating currents, strings can be connected in parallel; system current equals the sum of individual string currents. Maximum system voltage is 600V, 1000V, or 1500V depending on product family and standards. The number of series-connected modules depends on system design, inverter type, and environmental conditions. Modules must be assembled with appropriate string fuses for circuit protection, based on maximum series fuse rating and local electrical codes. The number of parallel-connected modules is determined by system design parameters. Cable cross-section and connector capacity must suit the maximum system short circuit current. Recommended cable is PV wire with at least 4mm² cross-section. Cables should not be secured too tightly; cable damage from management systems is not covered. Bending radius specified by the cable manufacturer must be observed. For large module arrays connected to a single inverter, isolation resistance (Riso) must be considered, as low Riso can cause inverter faults. Original connectors specified in the module data sheet should be used; other connector types may invalidate the warranty. For reliable electric connection and to prevent humidity intrusion, two connectors must be mated and locked until a click is heard. Long-term exposure to wet environments can cause poor connectivity, current leakage, and poor conductivity, voiding the warranty. Proper management of connectors/cables/wires is recommended to prevent moisture intrusion. Periodic inspections are recommended to maintain optimal performance. DC current from PV systems can be converted to AC and fed into a public grid. Qualified system designer advice, building permits, inspections, and approvals from local utility facilities are generally required. For larger installations, lightning protection following local requirements is recommended.
Grounding: Refer to regional and national safety and electricity standards for grounding requirements. A recommended connector type should be used for the grounding wire. PV modules use an anodic oxidized aluminum frame to resist corrosion; the module frame should be connected to the system grounding wire to prevent thunder and electrical shock. The frame rails have pre-drilled holes marked with a grounding sign, which must be used for grounding purposes and not for mounting modules. Grounding accessories from other certified manufacturers can be used, but Corab S.A. grounding solutions are recommended.
Regular Inspections: Regular inspections and maintenance are required, especially during the warranty period, to ensure optimum module performance.
Visual Inspection: Inspect modules for visual defects, evaluating:
Cleaning: Clean the module glass surface as needed using distilled water and a soft sponge or cloth. A mild, nonabrasive cleaning agent can be used for stubborn dirt. To reduce electrical and thermal shock risk, clean PV modules during early morning or late afternoon hours when solar radiation is low and modules are cooler, especially in hotter regions. Never clean a PV module with broken glass or exposed wiring due to shock hazard. Never use chemicals for cleaning, as this may affect warranty and energy output.
Connector and Cable Inspection: It is recommended to inspect connectors and cables every 6 months, or at least once a year, for:
General Advice: The module manufacturer assumes no responsibility for loss, damage, or costs arising from installation, operation, use, or maintenance beyond their control. No responsibility is accepted for patent or third-party rights infringement. The manual's information is based on the manufacturer's knowledge and experience and is believed reliable, but it does not constitute a warranty. The manufacturer reserves the right to modify the manual, product, specifications, or data sheet without prior notice.
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| Current at maximum power (Imp) | Not found |
| Open circuit voltage (Voc) | Not found |
| Short circuit current (Isc) | Not found |
| Module efficiency | Not found |
| Operating temperature | Not found |
| Maximum system voltage | Not found |
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| Efficiency | Not found |
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| Warranty | Not found |
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