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ATU
Holding [ATU] alternates between ATU in and bypassed, as indicated by
the orange ATU icon near the upper middle of the screen (TX icon area).
VOX
In speech or audio data modes, the [VOX] switch enables or disables
voice-activated (or audio-activated) transmit. VOX sensitivity and anti-
vox controls can be accessed by tapping <TX>, then <VOX GAIN>
or <ANTIVOX>.
In CW, FSK, and PSK modes, turning VOX on allows "hit-the-key"
transmit, eliminating the need to first tap XMIT or activate PTT. This is
the default. When VOX is enabled you can also transmit immediately
by tapping message play buttons [M1]-[M4], or, if text decode is
turned on, by entering text using a keyboard.
When VOX is on, an associated orange icon appears in the TX icon
area.
QSK
Hold [QSK] to turn QSK CW (and the associated orange icon) on/off.
"QSK" means "break-in keying." This is a type of CW operation where
the operator can hear received signals between letters or even
between dots and dashes. This in turn allows other stations to "break
in" simply by transmitting. QSK is especially useful in contesting,
DXing, and high-speed CW QSOs.
The K4 actually allows received signals to be heard in this way even
with QSK turned off, as long as the radio is in [VOX] mode and the
{XMTR} <DLY> value is set to a small value (default is 0.00 seconds).
However, turning QSK on further optimizes CW T/R switching to allow
the receiver to recover more quickly. This can easily be observed by
setting {XMTR} <WPM> to 20 WPM or higher and sending a string of
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