108 Theory of operation EN
Image formation system
The image formation system is the main system in the printer. It consists of five stages:
When the formatter board sends the print signal to the engine controller board, it drives the main
motor to rotate the photosensitive drum, the developing cylinder, the primary charging roller, the
transfer charging roller, and the fuser pressure roller.
The primary charging roller places a uniform negative charge on the surface of the photosensitive
drum. To form a latent image on the photosensitive drum, the laser beams modulated by the video
signals are illuminated on the photosensitive drum surface.
The latent image formed on the photosensitive drum is changed to a visual image by the toner on the
developing cylinder, then transferred to the paper by the transfer charging roller. Then the transferred
toner is fused with heat and pressure in the fuser to be a permanent image on the paper. After that,
the residual toner on the photosensitive drum surface is scraped off with the cleaning blade. Finally,
the charge on the drum is made uniform by the primary charging roller to prepare for a new latent
image.
The cartridge has a toner sensor that detects the remaining toner level and the presence of the
cartridge.
If the toner in the cartridge becomes lower than the specified level or if there is no cartridge in the
printer, it is reported to the formatter.
Figure 18. Image formation system
1. Conditioning 4. Fusing
2. Developing 5. Cleaning
3. Transferring
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