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Appendix B. Common Hardware Application Guidelines
Use the information below and on the following pages to identify proper fastening techniques when no specific reference for
reassembly is made.
Bolt/Screw Length: When bolt/screw length is not given, use Figure 18 as a guide. As a general rule, a minimum length of one
thread beyond the nut and a maximum length of 1/2 the bolt/screw diameter beyond the nut is the preferred method.
Washers and Nuts: Use split lock washers as a bolt locking device where specified. Use SAE flat washers with whiz nuts,
spiralock nuts, or standard nuts and preloading (torque) of the bolt in all other applications.
See the Torque Specifications in the appendix and other torque specifications in the service literature.
Figure 18 Acceptable Bolt Lengths
Steps for common hardware application:
1. Determine entry hole type: round or slotted.
2. Determine exit hole type: fixed female thread (weld nut), round, or slotted.
3. For round and slotted exit holes, determine if hardware is greater than 1/2 inch in diameter, or 1/2 inch in diameter or
less. Hardware that is greater than 1/2 inch in diameter takes a standard nut and SAE washer. Hardware1/2 inch or
less in diameter can take a properly torqued whiz nut or spiralock nut. See Figure 19.
4. Follow these SAE washer rules after determining exit hole type:
a. Always use a washer between hardware and a slot.
b. Always use a washer under a nut (see2above for exception).
c. Use a washer under a bolt when the female thread is fixed (weld nut).
5. Refer to Figure 19, which depicts the preceding hardware configuration possibilities.
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