18
Levo Retailer Technical Guide
Glossary
Lithium-Ion (Li-ion)
Modern battery technology that is used in all Specialized Turbo bikes. These are the same type of batteries that are used in
modern computers, phones, electric cars, and many other electric powered consumer products. For marketing purposes, some
companies may use terms such as: Li-po; Lithium Polymer; or Lithium Cobalt to make the batteries sound more technologically
advanced. They are, in fact, all types of Lithium-ion cells.
Some of the key advantages of Li-ion batteries include:
• They do not suffer from 'memory effect'. Li-ion batteries can be charged from any level of charge present; they do not have
to be depleted before charging. Older battery technologies such as Nickel cadmium (NiCad) and Nickel Metal Hydride
(NiMH) had to be depleted before charging or they would 'remember' the smaller capacity if only partially discharged before
charging.
• They offer a large capacity (range) at a low weight.
• There are many reputable manufacturers to choose from.
Maximum Power
The maximum amount of power a motor is capable (or allowed) to put out. The maximum power can be significantly more than
the nominal power. However, the motor and/or motor system will not be able to sustain the maximum power for long without
overheating.
Unit of Power: Watts (W); 748 W = 1 hp
Nominal Power
The amount of power the motor provides under normal operating conditions without generating excess heat. Typically, the
nominal power is used by government agencies as a way to categorize e-bikes.
Unit of Power: Watts (W); 748 W = 1 hp
State of Charge (SoC)
The percentage of total energy stored in the battery that is available to the rider.
Note: the charge amount the rider can access is between 0-100%. Theoretically, Li-ion batteries can be charged more and run
down further than the BMS allows, but at the risk of a significantly shortened battery life.
State of Health (SoH)
The percentage of total energy the battery can store compared to its capacity when new. Li-ion batteries gradually lose a small
amount of energy capacity with every charge cycle, which decreases the battery's range over time.
Note: while the SoH gradually decreases over time, the SoC refers to the percentage of available energy, which will always
show as 0-100%. The output performance of the battery remains the same, but its capacity and therefore range, decreases
over time. The BMS in the Turbo family of bikes is designed to maintain a very high SoC for a long time.
User Interface (UI)
The means of communications between the rider and bike. While technically this would include the sensor in the motor we
usually use this term for the motor assist and power controls, as well as any display.
To Next Page
Loading...
Need help?
General
