Power AmpliÞer (PA) 5-25W
Theory of Operation 4-27
12.5 Harmonic Filter
The transmitter signal from the antenna switch is channelled through the harmonic Þlter to the
antenna connector J3501.The harmonic Þlter is formed by inductors L3551, L3552, and capacitors
C3551 - C3554 This network forms a low-pass Þlter to attenuate harmonic energy of the transmitter
to speciÞcations level. R3551 is used for electro - static protection.
12.6 Power Control
The power control loop regulates transmitter power with an automatic level control (ALC) loop and
provides protection features against excessive control voltage and high operating temperatures.
MOS FET device bias, power and control voltage limit are adjusted under microprocessor control
using a Digital to Analog (D/A) converter (U0731). The microprocessor writes the data into the D/A
converter via serial interface (SRL) composed of the lines SPI CLCK SRC (clock), SPI DATA SRC
(data) and DAC CE (chip enable). The D/A adjustable control voltage limit increases transmitter rise
time and reduces adjacent channel splatter as it is adjusted closer to the actual operating control
voltage.
The microprocessor controls K9V1 ENABLE (U0101-6) to switch on the Þrst and the second PA
stage via K9V1. The antenna switch is turned on by the collector current of the Þrst PA stage. PA
DISABLE, also microprocessor controlled (U0101-54), sets BIAS VLTG (U0731-4) and VLTG LIMIT
SET (U0731-13) in receive mode to low to switch off the bias of the MOS FET device Q3521 and to
switch off the power control voltage (PWR CNTL).
Through an Analog to Digital (A/D) input (VLTG LIMIT) the microprocessor can read the PA control
voltage (PWR CNTL) during the tuning process.
The ALC loop regulates power by adjusting the PA control line PWR CNTL to keep the forward
power voltage PWR DETECT at a constant level.
Opamp U0701-2 and resistors R0701 to R0703 and R0731 subtract the negative PWR DETECT
voltage from the PWR SET D/A output U0731 pin 2. The result is connected to opamp inverting
input U0701-4 pin 9. This voltage which is compared with a 4.6 volt reference VAG present at
noninverting input U0701-4 pin 10 and controls the output power of the PA via pin 8 and control line
PWR CNTL. The 4.6 volt reference VAG is set by a resistive divider circuit (R0171, R0172) which is
connected to ground and 9.3 volts and buffered by opamp U0105-1.
During normal transmitter operation the voltages at the opamp inputs U0701-4 pins 9 and 10 should
be equal to 4.6 volts and the PA control voltage output at pin 8 should be between 4 and 7 volts. If
power falls below the desired setting, PWR DETECT increases, causing the output at U0701-2 pin 7
to decrease and the opamp output U0701-4 pin 8 to increase.
A comparator formed by U0701-4 increases the PA control voltage PA CNTL until PWR DETECT is
at the desired level. The power set D/A output voltage PWR SET (U0731-2) at U0701-2 pin 5 adjusts
power in steps by adjusting the required value of PWR DETECT. As PWR SET (U0731-2)
decreases, transmitter power must increase to make PWR DETECT larger and keep the inverting
input U0701-4 pin 9 at 4.6 volts.
Loop frequency response is controlled by opamp feedback components R0712 and C0711. Opamp
U0701-3 compares the power control voltage PWR CNTL divided by resistors R0717 to R0719 with
the voltage limit setting VLTG LIMIT SET from the D/A converter (U0731-13) and keeps the control
voltage constant via Q0711 if the control voltage, reduced by the resistive divider (R0717 to R0719),
approaches the voltage of VLTG LIMIT SET (U0731-13).
http://www.myradio168.net
To Next Page
Loading...
