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Spectra 70
RCA Spectra 70 Training Manual
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LOAD
AN
D
STORE
REGISTER
There
are
two
instructions
that
enable
the
program-
mer
to
address
registers
so
that
he
may
either
load
a
value
in
the
register(s)
selected,
or
store
the
con-
tents
of
the
register(s)
in
memory.
The
four-byte
memory
locations
used
for
either
storing
or
loading
registers
must
be
word-oriented.
LOAD
MULTIPLE
This
instruction
places
designated
value(s)
into
one
or
more
consecutively
numbered
general
registers.
The
following
instruction:
NAME
OPERATION
OPERAND
LM
3,3,
ALPHA
loads
General
Register
3
with
the
value
stored
in
the
word-oriented
four-byte
addresses
by
ALPHA.
The
instruction
below
loads
General
Registers
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
and
7
with
the
values
stored
in
the
word-
oriented
24
bytes
addressed
by
ALPHA.
NAME
OPERATION
OPERAND
Example:
HSM
BEFORE
AND
AFTER
EXECUTION
LM
GENERAL
REGISTERS
1-8
BEFORE
EXECUTION
ASSEMBLY
INSTRUCTION
NAME
2,7,
ALPHA
1
I
0000
10
3
I
8192
10
5
I
16384
10
7
I
24576
10
OPERATION
LM
2
I
4096
10
4
I
12288
10
6
I
20480
10
8
I
28672
10
OPERAND
2,7,
ALPHA
41
OP
B2
GENERATED
INSTRUCTION
1
98
16
2
10
\7
10
\110
\2400
16
1
GENERAL
REGISTER
1
=
0000
10
(AS
ABOVE)
GENERAL
REGISTERS
1-8
1
2
FOLLOWING
EXEOUTION
I
000010
1000
10
3
4
I
2000
10
3000
10
5
6
I
5000
10
6000
10
7
8
I
7000
10
28672
10
STORE
MULTIPLE
This
instruction
places
the
contents
of
one
or
more
consecutively
numbered
general
registers
into
mem-
ory.
The
locations
that
store
the
register(s)
must
be
word-oriented.
A
full
word
is
used
for
the
storage
of
the
contents
of
each
register.
The
Operand
format
is
the
same
as
for
the
LOAD
MULTIPLE
instruction.
Example:
GENERAL
REGISTERS
1-8
1
BEFORE
AND
AFTER
I
0000
10
EXECUTION
3
I
2000
10
5
5000
10
7
I
7000
10
HSM
BEFORE
EXECUTION
ASSEMBLY
INSTRUCTION
GENERATED
OP
Rl
R3
B2
D2
INSTRUCTION
1
9011
;
I
2
10
7
10
1
10
240°10
GENERAL
REGISTER
1
~
0000
10
(AS
ABOVE)
HS;\1
AFTER
EXECUTION
2
I
1000
10
4
I
3000
10
6
I
6000
10
8
I
28672
10
46
48
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
4
General Description
7
High-Speed Memory
9
Introduction
9
HSM Addressing
9
Hexadecimal Numbering System
10
Exercise
11
Data and Instruction Format
12
Data Formats
12
Unpacked Format
12
Edited Format
12
Machine Instruction Format
13
Exercise
13
Interrupt
15
Introduction
15
Programming States
15
Processing State
15
Interrupt State
15
Types of Interrupt
15
I/O Interrupt
15
Operation Code Trap
16
Arithmetic Overflow and Divide Exception
16
Elapsed Timer Interrupt
17
Inhibiting Interrupt
17
Exercise
17
Summary of Interrupt Logic
18
Elapsed Time Clock
19
Introduction to the RCA 70/25 Assembly Language
20
Format Requirements
20
Addressing
20
Self-Defining Values
22
Expressions
22
Implied Lengths
23
Assembler Controlling Codes
23
Define Storage (DS)
24
Origin Code (ORG)
24
Constant Definition (DC)
24
Program Linking Codes (ENTRY and EXTRH)
25
Run and Segment Controlling Codes (START, END, CSECT)
26
Equate Code (EQU)
27
Base Register Controlling Codes (USING, DROP)
27
Extended Mnemonic Instructions
27
Exercise
28
Instruction Complement
30
Data Movement Instructions
30
Move Character (MVC)
30
Exercises
31
Packing and Unpacking Data (PACK and UNPK)
32
Exercises
33
Decimal Arithmetic Instructions
35
Decimal Add (AP) and Subtract (SP)
35
Decimal Multiply (MP)
36
Decimal Divide (DP)
37
Exercises
37
Data Editing Instruction (ED)
39
Examples
40
Exercises
41
Comparison and Branching Instructions
43
Compare Logical (C LC)
43
Compare Decimal (CP)
43
Branch on Condition (BC)
44
Branch and Link (BAL)
44
Branch on Count (BCT)
45
Set P2 Register (STP2)
45
Exercises
45
Load and Store Instructions
47
Load Multiple (LM)
47
Store Multiple (STM)
47
Binary Arithmetic Instructions
48
Binary Add (AB) and Subtract (SB)
48
Exercise
48
Logical Instructions
51
Logical and (NC)
51
Logical or (OC)
51
Exclusive or (XC)
51
Use of Logicals
52
Test under Mask Instruction (TM)
53
Data Translation, Translate (TR)
53
Inputloutput
55
Introduction
55
Read Instructions (RDF) and (RDR)
55
Writing Data (WR) and (WRE)
56
Controlling Peripheral Devices
56
Error Recognition
57
Logic
59
Standard Device Byte
59
Sensing Exceptional Conditions
59
Peripheral Unit Sense Bytes
60
Summary of 1/0 Logic
61
Example of 110 Coding
62
Exercise
63
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Reference Manual
260 pages
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RCA Spectra 70 Specifications
General
Manufacturer
RCA
Model
Spectra 70
Category
Computer Hardware
Word Size
32 bits
Memory
Up to 512 KB
Predecessor
RCA 3301
Successor
RCA Series
Related product manuals
RCA 70/46
260 pages