0HWKRG RI RSHUDWLRQ87
9
&*&
8VH RQ VLQJOHSKDVH WUDQVIRUPHUV
6LQJOHSKDVH WUDQVIRUPHUV FDQ EH GHVLJQHG ZLWK
RQH RU WZR SKDVHV SHU ZLQGLQJ LQ WKH ODWWHU FDVH WKH
ZLQGLQJ SKDVHV FDQ EH ZRXQG RQ RQH RU WZR LURQ
FRUHV ,Q RUGHU WR HQVXUH WKDW RSWLPXP PDWFKLQJ RI
WKH FXUUHQWV ZRXOG EH SRVVLEOH DOZD\V WZR PHD
VXUHG FXUUHQW LQSXWV VKDOO EH XVHG HYHQ LI RQO\ RQH
FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHU LV LQVWDOOHG RQ RQH SKDVH 7KH
FXUUHQWV DUH WR EH FRQQHFWHG WR WKH LQSXWV / DQG /
WKH\ DUH GHVLJQDWHG ,
/
DQG ,
/
LQ WKH IROORZLQJ
,I WZR ZLQGLQJ SKDVHV DUH DYDLODEOH WKH\ PD\ EH
FRQQHFWHG HLWKHU LQ VHULHV ZKLFK FRUUHVSRQGV WR D
<ZLQGLQJ RU LQ SDUDOOHO ZKLFK FRUUHVSRQGV WR D
'ZLQGLQJ 7KH SKDVH GLVSODFHPHQW EHWZHHQ WKH
ZLQGLQJV FDQ RQO\ EH RU )LJXUH VKRZV
DQ H[DPSOH RI D VLQJOHSKDVH SRZHU WUDQVIRUPHU
ZLWK WZR SKDVHV SHU ZLQGLQJ ZLWK WKH GHILQLWLRQ RI WKH
GLUHFWLRQ RI WKH FXUUHQWV
)LJXUH ([DPSOH RI D VLQJOHSKDVH SRZHU
WUDQVIRUPHU
/LNH ZLWK WKUHHSKDVH SRZHU WUDQVIRUPHUV WKH FXU
UHQWV DUH PDWFKHG E\ SURJUDPPHG FRHIILFLHQW PD
WULFHV ZKLFK VLPXODWH WKH GLIIHUHQFH FXUUHQWV LQ WKH
WUDQVIRUPHU ZLQGLQJV 7KH FRPPRQ IRUP RI WKHVH
HTXDWLRQV LV
,
P
Nk . k ,
Q
ZKHUH
,
P
PDWUL[ RI WKH PDWFKHG FXUUHQWV ,
$
,
&
N FRQVWDQW IDFWRU
. FRHIILFLHQW PDWUL[
,
Q
PDWUL[ RI WKH SKDVH FXUUHQWV ,
/
,
/
6LQFH WKH SKDVH GLVSODFHPHQW EHWZHHQ WKH ZLQG
LQJV FDQ RQO\ EH RU PDWFKLQJ LV UHOHYDQW
ZLWK UHVSHFW WR WKH WUHDWPHQW RI WKH ]HUR VHTXHQFH
FXUUHQW ,I WKH lVWDUSRLQWl RI WKH SURWHFWHG WUDQVIRUP
HU ZLQGLQJ LV QRW HDUWKHG )LJXUH OHIW VLGH WKH
SKDVH FXUUHQWV FDQ LPPHGLDWHO\EH XVHG 7KH PDWUL[
HTXDWLRQ LV WKHQ
,
$
,
&
k
k
,
/
,
/
,I D lVWDU SRLQWl LV HDUWKHG )LJXUH ULJKW VLGH WKH
]HUR VHTXHQFH FXUUHQW PXVW EH HOLPLQDWHG E\ IRUP
LQJ WKH FXUUHQW GLIIHUHQFHV 7KXV IDXOW FXUUHQWV
ZKLFK IORZ YLD WKH WUDQVIRUPHU GXULQJ HDUWK IDXOWV LQ
WKH QHWZRUN LQ FDVH RI DQ HDUWK SRLQW LQ WKH SUR
WHFWHG ]RQH WUDQVIRUPHU lVWDU SRLQWl DUH UHQGHUHG
KDUPOHVV ZLWKRXW DQ\ VSHFLDO H[WHUQDO PHDVXUHV
7KH PDWUL[ HTXDWLRQ LV WKHQ
,
$
,
&
k
k
,
/
,
/
7KH GLVDGYDQWDJH RI HOLPLQDWLRQ RI WKH ]HUR VH
TXHQFH FXUUHQW LV WKDW WKH SURWHFWLRQ EHFRPHV OHVV
VHQVLWLYH IDFWRU
LQ FDVH RI DQ HDUWK IDXOW LQ WKH
SURWHFWHG DUHD +LJKHU HDUWK IDXOW VHQVLWLYLW\ FDQ EH
DFKLHYHG LI WKH lVWDUSRLQWl FXUUHQW LV DYDLODEOH LH LI
D FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHU LV LQVWDOOHG LQ WKH lVWDUSRLQWl
FRQQHFWLRQ WR HDUWK )LJXUH
7KH PDWUL[ HTXDWLRQ IRU WKH HDUWKHG ZLQGLQJ LV WKHQ
,
$
,
&
k
k k
,
/
,
/
,
6W
,
6W
ZKHUH ,
6W
LV WKH lVWDUSRLQWl FXUUHQW RI WKH HDUWKHG
ZLQGLQJ 7KH ]HUR VHTXHQFH FXUUHQW LV HOLPLQDWHG E\
WKLV FRUUHFWLRQ GXULQJ H[WHUQDO IDXOW DV LOOXVWUDWHG LQ
)LJXUH EXW IXOO\ UHFRJQL]HG LQ FDVH RI DQ LQWHU
QDO HDUWK IDXOW
)XUWKHU SURFHVVLQJ RI WKH PHDVXUHG TXDQWLWLHV DQG
WKH WULSSLQJ ORJLF GR QRW GLIIHU IURP WKH WKUHHSKDVH
WUDQVIRUPHU GLIIHUHQWLDO SURWHFWLRQ
,
6W
)LJXUH ([DPSOH RI D VLQJOHSKDVH SRZHU
WUDQVIRUPHU