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ST VL6180X User Manual

ST VL6180X
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June 2014 DocID026571 Rev 1 1/27
AN4545
Application note
VL6180X basic ranging application note
Introduction
The VL6180X is a proximity sensor based on ST’s patented FlightSense™ technology. The
VL6180X interfaces to your micro-controller via the industry standard I²C bus. The module
also includes an ambient light sensor (ALS).
This application note describes how to set up the VL6180X and perform range
measurements with the sensor.
Note: Settings presented in this document are for test purpose only. Performance and reliability
not guaranteed.
Figure 1. VL6180X
www.st.com
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ST VL6180X Specifications

General IconGeneral
RangeUp to 100 mm
InterfaceI2C
Field of View25°
Ambient Light ImmunityUp to 100 klux
Operating Temperature-20°C to +70°C
TypeTime-of-Flight distance sensor
EmitterVCSEL (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser)
Package4.8 x 2.8 x 1.0 mm

Summary

VL6180X Setup and Initialization

Powering the VL6180X Module

Connect the 2v8 supply to AVDD/AVDD_VCSEL, and AVSS/AVSS_VCSEL to ground.

VL6180X I2C Communication

Details on I2C bus, default address 0x29, and required pull-up resistors.

VL6180X Initialization Procedure

Recommended steps to load settings and prepare the VL6180X for operation.

VL6180X Range Measurement Modes

Single-Shot Range Measurement

Procedure for performing a single range measurement and entering software standby.

Continuous Range Measurement Mode

Procedure for performing continuous range measurements until a stop command is issued.

VL6180X Ranging Output Data Details

VL6180X Range Error Codes

Explanation of error codes from RESULT_RANGE_STATUS for measurement validity.

Return Array Statistics

Details on signal rate, convergence time, and counts from the return array.

Reference Array Statistics

Details on signal rate, convergence time, and counts from the reference array.

VL6180X Typical Ranging Performance Analysis

VL6180X Range Output vs. Target Distance

Graph showing typical ranging output for various reflectances and distances.

Manual Offset Calibration Procedure

Procedure to calibrate offset error for improved ranging accuracy.

VL6180X Signal Rate Analysis

Understanding return signal rate and its correlation with target distance.

VL6180X Convergence Time Analysis

Graph showing typical convergence time for various reflectances and distances.

VL6180X Operation with Cover Glass

Impact of Cover Glass on Range Output

How internal reflections from cover glass affect range measurements.

Cross Talk Calibration Procedure

Steps to calibrate cross talk compensation when using a cover glass.

VL6180X Range Ignore Function

Enabling and configuring the range ignore feature to filter false detections.

VL6180X Device Settings and Tuning

VL6180X Performance Tuning

Adjusting settings to optimize overall system performance and accuracy.

Maximum Convergence Time Setting

Configuring the maximum time allowed for the device to converge.

Inter-Measurement Period Configuration

Setting the delay between consecutive measurements in continuous mode.

Readout Averaging Period

Configuring the sample period for internal readout averaging to reduce noise.

Additional System Error Checks

Enabling extra checks to filter out invalid range measurement results.

VL6180X Example Code Implementation

VL6180X Acronyms and Abbreviations Glossary

VL6180X SR03 Recommended Settings

Document Revision History

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