1.
Cover
2.
Control
lever
3.
Hydraulic
clutch
4.
Hydraulic
clutch
5.
Torque
converter
housing
6. "O"-ring
7.
Charging
pump
8.
Pump
wheel
9.
Thrust
bearing
10.
Stator
11.
Free
wheel
12.
Turbine
wheel
13.
Ball
bearing
14.
Snap
r'lng
15.
Turbine
shaft
16. Line
filter
17.
Rollpin
18. "O"-ring
19.
Relief
20.
Lever
gauge
21.
Spring
22.
Plug
23.
Roll
pin
24.
Shift
lever
25.
Shaft
26.
Stopper bolt
27,
"O"-ring
28.
Key
29.
Snap
ring
30.
Ball
bearing
31.
Snap
ring
32.
Ball
bearing
33. "O"-ring
34.
Snap
ring
35, "O"-ring
36.
Reverse
idler
gear
37.
Strainer
38.
Outer
gear
39.
Reverse
gear
40.
Ball
bearing
41. Lock
nut
42.
Lock
washer
43.
Bearing
nut
44.
Bearing
retainer
45.
Shim
46.
Spacer
47.
Taper
roller
bearing
48.
Output
shaft
49.
Oil
seal
50.
Taper
roller
bearing
51.
Oil
seal
retainer
52.
"O"-ring
6-1-1.
TORQUE
CONVERTER
The torque converter consists primarily of a pump
wheel
connected
to
the
input
shaft,
a turbine wheel connected to the output shaft,
and
a
stator
wheel
fixed
to the
housing. (3-element, l-stage type).
The
pump
wheel
is rotated
by
the
drive
shaft
and
fluid
is strongly ejected along
the
row
of
pump
wheel
vanes
under centrifugal force.
(In
this state mechanical
energy
is
converted
into
kinetic
energy.) The ejected
fluid
flows
in
the
row
of
turb-
ine
wheel
vanes
to transmit torque
to
the
output shaft. The direction of
fluid
leaving
the
turbine
wheel
is
changed
by the stator
wheel
so that
it
flows
into
the
pump
wheel
at
proper angle.
At
this time, reaction torque pushing
the
stator is created so
that the output torque exceeds the input torque by this reaction torque. As the
rotational speed
of
the turbine wheel increases
and
gets close to the input rotational
speed,
angle
change of
the
fluid is reduced and the output shaft torque is decreased.
Finally
fluid
flows
into
the
row
of
the
stator
vanes
in
the
reverse
direction, causing
reverse reaction torque.
As
a result of this, the output shaft torque becomes smaller
than
the
input
shaft
torque. To prevent this condition, a free wheel (one-way clutch)
is
provided
at
the
stator
section
to
allow
the
stator
wheel
to
rotate
freely
when
reaction torque acts
in
the
reverse direction.
The output torque is kept equal to the input torque so that highly effective
operation is ensured. Since the phase of torque transmission is converted by the
mechanical means (clutch), this type of torque convention is called 2-phase type,
which
ensures smooth
and
effective
operation.
Q
38
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